A tsarin siyasa a cikin Tarayyar Soviet a cikin shekaru 30 na totalitarian gwamnatin

Totalitarian tsarin siyasa a Tarayyar Soviet da aka kafa a kusa da guda adadi a shekaru 30 - Iosifa Stalina. Shi ya, mataki-mataki halakar da gasar da kuma ƙyãmã, kafa a kasar a gwamnatin sirri ikon mara.

Fage danniya

A cikin farkon shekaru na Soviet jihar jagorancinsa a cikin jam'iyyar ya dauki Lenin. Ya gudanar da sarrafa daban-daban ƙungiyõyin cikin Bolshevik shugabanci a kudi na ta yiwuwa. Shafi da kuma yanayi na yakin basasa. Duk da haka, tare da farko na duniya, ya bayyana cewa tarayyar Soviet iya daina zama a wani yanayi na yaki kwaminisanci, tare da m danniya.

Gab da mutuwarsa, Lenin ya Mafarin na New Tattalin Policy. Ta taimaka sake gina kasar bayan shekaru na yaki devastation. A 1924, Lenin mutu, da kuma Tarayyar Soviet ya sake a tsaka-tsaki.

A gwagwarmaya a cikin shugabannin jam'iyyar

Girman kai da tsarin siyasa a cikin Tarayyar Soviet a cikin shekaru 30 da shi ya zama kamar irin wannan saboda Bolsheviks ba ƙirƙirar ɗan halal ga kayan aiki da canja wurin da iko. Bayan Lenin ta mutuwa , da gwagwarmayar da daukaka na magoya bayansa. A mafi basu baye siffa daga cikin jam'iyyar ta wani gogaggen neman sauyi Leon Trotsky. Ya kasance daya daga cikin kai tsaye shirya na Oktoba juyin juya halin da kuma wani muhimmin kwamandan soja a lokacin yakin basasa.

Duk da haka, Trotsky rasa hardware gwagwarmaya Iosifu Stalinu, wanda da farko babu daya dauki tsanani. Sakatare Janar (sai da post da aka kimanta ba) a nuna aikatã game da duk da fafatawa a gasa. Trotsky da ke cikin gudun hijira, kuma ko da a kasashen waje, ya kasance ba su aminta ba. Ya za a kashe da yawa daga baya - a Mexico a 1940.

A Tarayyar Soviet, Stalin ya fara shirya farko zanga-zanga siyasa matakai, wanda ya nuna abin da zai zama da danniya a cikin Tarayyar Soviet a cikin 30s. Ya aka daga baya kaso da kuma harbe Bolsheviks farko da kira. Sun kasance Lenin ta Sahaban, sun ga dama shekaru gudun hijira tare da sarki da ya zo Rasha a cikin shahararrun shãfe haske jirgin kasa. Suka harbe: Kamenev, Zinoviev, Bukharin - dukan wadanda suke cikin 'yan adawa, ko zai iya da'awar da fari a cikin jam'iyyar.

shirya tattalin arzikin

A nuna na 20-30-ies aka gabatar na tsawon shekaru biyar. Da tsare-tsaren ci gaban da tattalin arzikin Soviet aka dauke kayyade jihar cibiyar. Stalin ya so ya halicci wani sabon nauyi da kuma soja masana'antu a kasar. A yi na samar da wutar lantarki da sauran ababen more rayuwa na zamani.

A lokaci guda, Stalin shirya da dama na siyasa matakai alaka da ake kira kwari, t. E. The mutane, musamman a wajen samar da tashar jiragen ruwa. Shi ne mai yakin da danniya na aji "fasaha kawo dukkan", musamman injiniyoyi. Yana shige aiwatar da Masana'antu Party, sa'an nan Shakhty harka da sauransu. D.

cannibalization

masana'antu da aka musamman mai raɗaɗi. Ya aka tare da Rikicin a ƙauyen. A tsarin siyasa a cikin Tarayyar Soviet a shekaru 30 halakar da kananan m manoma, aiki a kan su shafukan da wanda shi ciyar.

Maimakon haka, jihar halitta a cikin kauyuka na gama. Na gama gonaki fara zagaye na sama duk da manoma. M repressed da kuma aika zuwa aiki sansani. A kauyen zama m denunciation a kan "kulaks", da aka boye su amfanin gona daga hukumomi. A Siberia da kuma Kazakhstan da aka tura duka iyalansu.

A Gulag

Karkashin Stalin, duk sansanonin ga fursunonin da aka garwaya a cikin Gulag. A heyday wannan tsarin ya faru a karshen 30s. Sa'an nan ya zo cikin shahararrun 58th siyasa labarin, a kan wanda dubban daruruwan mutane fada a cikin sansanin. Mass repressions a cikin Tarayyar Soviet a cikin 30s sun zama dole, da farko, don tursasa wa jama'a, da kuma abu na biyu, domin tabbatar da cewa jihar rahusa aiki.

A gaskiya ma, cikin fursunonin zama bayi. Su yanayin aiki sun ba na mutum ba. Da taimakon fursunoni da aka gane da yawa masana'antu yi ayyukan. Special ikon yinsa, a cikin Soviet manema sanya wani lighting haifar Belomorkanal. A sakamakon irin wannan m masana'antu ya kasance fitowan da wani iko soja-masana'antu hadaddun da impoverishment na karkara. Halakar noma aka tare da m yunwa.

The Great tsõro

Stalin ta totalitarian gwamnatin a cikin Tarayyar Soviet a cikin shekaru 30 da ake bukata na yau da kullum danniya. By wannan lokaci da jam'iyyar na'ura gaba daya maye gurbin da jama'a hukumomi. A tsarin siyasa a cikin Tarayyar Soviet a cikin shekaru 30 da ya kafa a kusa da yanke shawara na CPSU (b).

A 1934 a Birnin Leningrad, ya kashe daya daga cikin shugabannin jam'iyya Sergei Kirov. Stalin ya yi amfani da mutuwar a matsayin uzuri ga tsaftace ciki na CPSU (b). Mun fara da kisan kiyashin da daraja da kuma fayil gurguzu. A tsarin siyasa na Tarayyar Soviet a cikin shekaru 30, a takaice, ya kai ga cewa jihar tsaro gawawwakin mutane harbe a karkashin tsari daga sama, wanda ya nuna ake bukata yawan mutuwar sentences zargin cin amanar kasa.

Similar matakai faru a cikin sojojin. A da shi da aka harbe shugabanni, da yakin basasa da kuma samun gwaji sana'a kwarewa. A 1937-1938. danniya dauki wani, da kuma na kasa hali. A Gulag aika Dogayen sanda, Latvians, Helenawa, Finns, Sin da kuma sauran kananan kabilu.

kasashen waje da manufofin

Kamar yadda kafin, da kasashen waje da manufofin tarayyar Soviet shekaru 30 saita kanta babban burin - don yin duniya juyin juya halin. Bayan yakin basasa, wannan shirin fadi ta a lokacin da aka rasa da yaki tare da Poland. A farkon rabin zamanin mulkinsa, Stalin a kula da harkokin waje da aka bisa ga Comintern - Commonwealth kwaminisanci jam'iyyun a duniya.

Tare da zuwan su ikon Hitler a Jamus, Tarayyar Soviet ta kasashen waje da manufofin a cikin shekaru 30 da ya kasance a mayar da hankali a kan rapprochement tare da Reich. An ƙarfafa hadin gwiwar tattalin kuma diplomasiyya lambobi. A 1939 ya aka sanya hannu da Molotov-Ribbentrop yarjejeniya. A cewar wannan takarda, da jihar ta amince ba su kai farmaki juna da kuma raba Gabashin Turai cikin duniyoyin da tasiri.

Ba da da ewa Soviet-Finnish yaki. By lokacin da Red Army da aka decapitated danniya da jagoranci. Alal misali, na farko na biyar Soviet shugabanni uku da aka harba. Fatal shirme kawai na wannan manufar ce a sake bayan shekaru biyu, a lokacin da Mai girma Patriotic War.