Acetic anhydride: Properties, shiri da kuma yin amfani da

Anhydrides na carboxylic acid - ne kayayyakin da dehydration na kwayoyin. Wadannan suna halin isomerism biosoedineny radicals. Lokacin ambata sunayen carboxylic acid anhydrides fi amfani da nomenclature tarihi (msl, anhydride, acetic acid, maleic anhydride, da dai sauransu). A lokacin Bugu da kari na carboxylic acid dehydrating jamiái (yawanci phosphorus oxide) ya auku su dehydration, sakamakon samuwar carboxylic acid anhydrides.

Acetic anhydride: Shiri na

The title fili samu za a iya wanke hanyoyi da dama. Domin ta kira fi amfani da phosphorus oxide, wanda shi ne mai ƙarfi ƙwarai dehydrating wakili. Akwai kuma sauran hanyoyin da kira na anhydride. Alal misali, acetic anhydride za a iya samu a karkashin mataki na phosphate matsayin acetate acid anhydride. A sanyaya tsari da aka kara dropwise SN3SOS1 daya barbashi da barbashi dewatered da bushe sosai acid-sodium acetate. A sakamakon cakuda da aka kona moderately da kuma hada acetic anhydride aka cire a wani yashi wanka sa'an nan Ya tsarkake ta barasan. A sakamakon aiki samar karfi da ƙanshi ruwa acetate acid.

Acetic anhydride, da kuma low-kwayoyin abubuwa - ruwa tare da kaifi wari, kusan insoluble a ruwa, readily mai narkewa a cikin da yawa Organic abubuwa. Ya kamata a lura da cewa anhydrides na mafi girma carboxylic acid (musamman iyakance) - daskararru odorless. Su ruwan zafin jiki muhimmanci mafi girma fiye da m carboxylic acid.

Acetic anhydride: Chemical Properties

Wannan fili ne fiye da amfani ga mutane da yawa 'yan daban-daban azuzuwan da kwayoyin abubuwa da hanyoyin da kwayoyin kira. A dauki na anhydrides da ruwa ba biyu kwayoyin na m acid.

Amonoliz anhydrides take kaiwa ga samuwar na amides da ammonium salts na da m carboxylic acid. A halayen amfani domin samun alkoliza da anhydrides esters.

Acetal anhydride aka yi amfani a matsayin dehydrating da acetylating wakili a samar da tsari atsetiltselyulozy, roba acetate, magunguna, dimethylacetamide, colorants, aromatic abubuwa, da dai sauransu Acetate aldehyde aka irritating zuwa numfashi fili, da idanu, da kuma sa fata konewa.

Cellulose acetate samu saboda da mataki a kan cellulose acetate anhydride a gaban mai kara kuzari (acid sulphate). Bai cika acetylation shirya mono- da cellulose diacetates. Di- da cellulose triacetate amfani a samar da acetate siliki. A saboda wannan dalili aka narkar a cakuda acetone da ethanol (85:15) ko a cikin tsarki acetone. Danko sosai bayani da aka samu wanda aka extruded ta hanyar musamman tacewa. Thin tube na bayani bushe up da kuma juya zuwa yarns, wanda ake amfani da samar da daban-daban na yarn na roba zaruruwa.

A masana'antu aikace-aikace an yi amfani da sauran anhydrides. Maleic anhydride - crystalline abu, da narkewa a cikin ruwa da kuma a acetone, ya narke a 52,85 ° C. Yawanci, wannan abu ne shirya daga maleic acid. Amfani a samar da magungunan kashe qwari, polyester da alkyd resins. Phthalic anhydride aka samar saboda da hadawan abu da iskar shaka na naphthalene. A karshen da ake amfani da kira na ci gaban promoters, kwari, kazalika da wasu magunguna. Phthalic anhydride - crystalline m tare da narkewa batu na 128 ° C. Ya ce anhydride ake amfani da su samu Phenolphthalein (nuna alama kuma medicament). Wannan anhydride da ake amfani da yi repellents (dimethyl phthalate).