Antakiya Church: tarihi, yanzu matsayi

A halin yanzu, da duniya Orthodoxy hada da goma sha biyar autocephalous (m) coci. Daga cikin su, bisa ga soma a cikin Rasha Orthodox Church diptych - oda ambaton ibadar da na mannyan birai, da uku wuri ne shagaltar da Church of Antakiya, wanda shi ne daya daga cikin tsofaffin a duniya. Its tarihi da kuma matsaloli na rayuwa ta zamani za su zama batun da muke zance.

Legacy Mai Tsarki Manzanni

A cewar labari, shi da aka kafa a '37 da manzanninsa tsarkaka Bitrus da Bulus, ya ziyarci birnin Antakiya, wanda ya a kan ƙasa na zamanin d Syria. Yau shi ne ake kira Antakya kuma shi ne wani ɓangare na zamani Turkey. Ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin wannan birni, da mabiyan Yesu Kristi da aka farko da ake kira Kiristoci. Wannan ne evidenced da kirtani na 11th babi na Sabon Alkawari littafin Ayyukan Manzanni.

Kamar dukan Kiristoci na farko ƙarni, mambobi ne na Church of Antakiya nan da nan bayan da kafuwar hõre tsanani da Majusawa. Saka kawo karshen kawai co-shugabanni na Roman Empire - Sarkin sarakuna mai girma Constantine da Licinius a 313 musamman doka halatta addini da 'yanci a duk yankuna magana zuwa gare su, da suka hada da kuma Antakiya.

A farko sufaye, ascetics da kuma farkon patriarchate

An sani cewa bayan da Antiochian Church fito daga cikin karkashin kasa, akwai tartsatsi zaman zuhudu ne ga waɗanda sau ko da addini bidi'a kuma wanzu har sai kawai a Misira. Amma, sabanin da sufaye na Nile Valley, kuma su Syria takwarorinsu aka kasa rufe da yanke daga waje duniya salon. A ikon yinsa na al'ada ayyuka sun mishan da kuma sadaka.

Wannan hoto ya canza muhimmanci a gaba karni, idan akwai wani dukan galaxy kunshe a cikin tarihin na coci kwantata sufi suka aikata a irin ascetic feat, kamar yadda al'amudin-mazauni. A sufaye, wanda ya zama sananne a wannan hanya, domin lokaci mai tsawo aiki da ci gaba da salla, da zabar ta wurin bude saman hasumiya, da al'amudin dutse ko kawai high. The kafa wannan yunkuri ne dauke da wani Syria m canonized a fuskar saint, - Saminu Stolpnik.

Antiochian Orthodox Church ne daya daga cikin mafi tsoho patriarchates, cewa shi ne mai zaman kanta da majami'u, karkashin jagorancin da kansa sarki. Farko shi ne Primate hau a cikin 451 zuwa patriarchal kursiyin, Bishop Maxim, da suka ragu a ikon shekaru biyar.

Tauhidi, da bambance-bambance da ya sa aka tsaga

A cikin ƙarni, V kuma VII Antakiya Church samu a lokacin m adawa tsakanin biyu takaddama tauhidin kwatance. Daya kungiyar kunshi mabiya rukunan da dual yanayi na Yesu Kristi, allahntaka da kuma dabi'ar mutum, aiwatuwa a gare shi, ba tare da ba dabam- dabam. Suna da ake kira diofizitov.

Da abokan adawar - miafizity - daukan wani daban-daban view. A cikin view, da yanayi na Yesu Almasihu ya guda, amma farin Allah ne da mutum. Wannan ra'ayi da aka ƙi da kuma ayyana karkata zuwa gudanar a shekara 451 da majalisar Chalcedon. Duk da cewa shi goyon dama a waɗannan shekaru, Sarkin sarakuna Justin I, proponents na rukunan miafizitskoy ƙarshe gudanar ya gama da kuma nasara a kan mafiya yawa daga cikin mazaunan Syria. A sakamakon haka, da a layi daya patriarchy aka kafa, wanda daga baya ya zama Syria Orthodox Church. Ta kuma ya zuwa yanzu ya rage miafizitskoy da kuma ta na da abokan adawar ya zama wani ɓangare na Greek Church.

Karkashin mulkin Larabawa nasara

A May 637, Syria da aka mamaye da Larabawa, wanda wani bala'i ga mazauna a ta Greek-Orthodox al'ummomi. Halin da suke ciki yana kara da cewa marinjaya gan cikin su ba kawai ba daidai ba, amma kuma m, sãshensu waliyyai da manyan abokan gaba - Rum.

A sakamakon haka, da sarki na Antakiya, da suka fara da Macedonia, wanda ya bar} asar, a 638, da aka tilasta su motsa kujera a Konstantinoful, amma bayan mutuwar George a cikin 702 shekara da patriarchate gaba ɗaya tsaya. Antakiya Church kõma ta Primate kawai shekara arba'in baya, a lokacin da dokoki a cikin wadanda shekaru Halifa Hisham ya ba da izni ga zaben sabon sarki, amma kafa m iko a kan ya biyayya.

A mamayewa na Seljuk Turks da mamayewa na Salibiyya

A XI karni Antakiya yi mashi wani sabon mamayewa na invaders. Wannan lokacin da suke cikin Seljuk Turks - daya daga cikin rassan da Western Turks, mai suna bayan ta shugaban Seljuk. Duk da haka, sun kasance bã su ƙaddara ga wani dogon lokaci rike su samu, kamar yadda bayan shekaru goma, suka buga bayyana a cikin wadannan sassa da Salibiyya. Sake, da Church of Antakiya ya ji da nauyi sosai domin ta sau, kamar yadda aka mulki ta hanyar Katolika a ko'ina ana kokarin kafa mamayar da nasu denomination.

Don wannan karshen suke, an fitar da mulki a cikin waɗancan kwanaki John da sarki, da kuma a wurinsa sa wani Roman prelate Bernard. Bada jimawa ba, da kuma duk Orthodox bishops a cikin kasashen da ke karkashin ikon 'Yan Salibiyya, aka maye gurbinsu da Katolika matsayi. A wannan batun, da Antiochian Orthodox Sashen sake koma Konstantinoful, inda ya zauna har sai 1261, lokacin da matsayi na Turai nasara ƙwarai raunana.

Motsi zuwa Damascus da kuma Ottoman karkiya

A ƙarshen XIII karni, Salibiyya aka tilasta su bar karshe dũkiyarku a Gabas, amma ta wannan lokaci da Orthodox, ko da ɗari biyu da suka wuce yi har rabin na Syria ta yawan, an kusan gama halakar da su ne kawai kananan dabam-dabam. A 1342 da sashen na patriarchal Church of Antakiya da aka canjawa wuri zuwa Damascus. Akwai ta sanya a kwanakin nan namu. Wannan, ta hanyar, amsar da akai-akai tambayi tambaya game da inda yake da coci na Antakiya a yau.

A 1517, Syria da aka ci nasarar da Ottoman Empire, sabili da haka sarki na Antakiya ya biyayya wa ɗan'uwansa, a Konstantinoful. Dalili kuwa shine, Byzantine Empire ya dade a karkashin Turkish mulki, kuma sarki na Konstantinoful jin dadin da angarorin na wasu hukumomin. Duk da cewa da Orthodox Church aka levied gwaji haraji, a matsayin ta talakawa mambobin wani gagarumin tabarbarewar ya faru. Ba alama da kyau da kuma yunkurin tilasta Addinin Musulunci.

A kwanan nan da suka wuce, kuma a yau

A lokacin da 'yan tarihi na Church of Antakiya jin dadin da angarorin na gwamnatin Rasha. Shi ne tare da goyan baya, a 1899 da patriarchal kursiyin aka shagaltar da Orthodox Arab Meletios (Doumani). zabi wani hadisin ga matsayi na larabawa ta ci gaba da wannan rana. Daga baya Nicholas I akai-akai kawota cikin coci tsabar kudi tallafin.

Yau da Antiochian Orthodox Church, gangarawa da ɗari da sittin da bakwai a jere sarki John X (Yazidzhi), ya hada da ashirin da biyu daga cikin diocese, da kuma yawan jama'a, bisa ga daban-daban kimomi, jeri daga mutane miliyan biyu. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, da sarki ta zama an located in Damascus.

Church rikici a gabas ta tsakiya

A shekarar 2013, wani rikici ya tashi tsakanin biyu tsoho majami'u na duniya. Dalilin da ya yi aiki a matsayin juna sabani a kan hakkin ya bayanan gaban a Qatar. Antakiya sarki John X bayyana rashin biyan bukata tare da Urushalima takwaransa game da da'awar da diocese, dake a cikin yankin Gabas ta tsakiya a masarautu. Amsar da ya samu a cikin hanyar brooked wata hujja. Tun da rikici a Urushalima, da birnin Antakiya coci dauki haka irreconcilable, cewa ko da an katse Eucharistic (liturgical) sadarwa a tsakanin su.

Irin wannan halin da ake ciki, lalle ne lalata hadin kan da dukan duniya Orthodoxy. A wannan batun, jagorancin Moscow Patriarchate ya sha nanata fatan cewa Antakiya da Urushalima da coci za su iya shawo kan su da bambance-bambance da kuma samun aiki wanda ake iya yi bayani.

Ƙin su shiga a cikin Ecumenical Council

Wannan shekara, daga 18 zuwa 26 Yuni da aka gudanar a Crete Pan-Orthodox (Ecumenical) majalisa. Duk da haka, ya aka gudanar ba tare da hudu autocephalous majami'u, domin daban-daban dalilai ki gayyatar su shiga. Daga cikin su kasance da Church of Antakiya. Pan-Orthodox Cathedral shirya a wani yanayi na tsanani da tattaunawa a kan batutuwa masu yawa da ya sa rashin jituwa tsakanin ta m mahalarta.

Amma a sakamakon wani dogon da Multi-faceted aikin gudanar da wakilan da Church, shi ba zai yiwu ba ga cimma yarjejeniya kan mafiya yawa daga cikin mafi muhimmanci al'amurran da suka shafi. Wannan, musamman, shi ne dalilin gazawar da Church of Antakiya na babban coci. Yana da aka bayyana a cikin sanarwar da wakilin Synodal Department, aka yi a watan Mayu wannan shekara. Irin wannan shawarar da aka sanya da kuma jagorancin da Bulgarian, da Jojiyanci da kuma Rasha Orthodox majami'u.