Baltic Sea: zurfin da topography, da description, da ɓangaren da

A Baltic Sea da kuma ta Coast - mai ban sha'awa wuri, imbued tare da tunanin da Vikings, calming su arewacin shimfidar. Ya bambanta daga sauran tekuna na yanayin da taimako, da kuma zafin jiki da halaye na bakin gabar teku. Baltika yana da babban tarihi da kuma geopolitical muhimmancin da Rasha.

Gwargwadon matsayi

Baltic Sea a kan taswira shi ne a arewacin Turai da kuma nasa ne da Atlantic tasa. Limited 54 ° 46 'da kuma 65 ° 56' arewa latitud da 9 ° 57 'da kuma 30 ° 00' gabas longitude. A karshe ma'ana, wanda yake shi ne Baltic Sea a kan taswira: Game da Arctic Circle a arewa, kusa Wismar a kudu, gabas ne kusa da St. Petersburg da kuma yammacin matsananci batu ne dake Flensburg gundumar.

Relief da zurfi da

A kasa taimako yana da qananan bambance-bambance daga coastlines žuntata Baltic Sea. Zurfin, bi da bi, kuma ya dogara ne a kan yanayin da kewaye yankin. Kudu gefen teku, na zuwa Jamus, Poland da kuma Denmark, shi ne lebur, lebur, yashi rairayin bakin teku. Rocky da m m kasa suna located a arewacin. A zurfin da topography na Baltic Sea ne daban-daban a bangarori daban-daban. A kasa yana da matukar hadaddun dissected surface. Akwai depressions cewa demarcate da duwãtsu, kuma tsibiran na tushe, wanda ya hada da Baltic Sea. Zurfin sauran wurare kananan. Alal misali, akwai shafukan bayyana accumulative sauƙi - yana da m of Finland, Riga da Bothnia.

Saboda haka, Baltic Sea yana da zurfin kasa da mita 200. Ciki shi ne daban-daban Landsortskaya. Matsakaicin zurfi daga cikin Baltic Sea aka located a cikin wannan yankin da kuma shi ne kamar 470 mita. Landsortskaya tasa lullube a kudu-westerly shugabanci. Wasu - karami zurfin: Gotland - 249 m da Gdansk - 116 m, a cikin tsakiyar ɓangare na teku Arkonskaya - 53 m da kuma Bornholm - 105 m (yammacin).

Bays da straits

Yana nufin m tekuna. A kudu maso yammacin, m ga Arewa Sea ta cikin Danish straits (da Kananan da Great Belt, da Sound), Skagerrak da Kattegat.

Don gabas ne Gulf of Riga tsakanin Estonia da Latvia. Istoniyanci Saaremaa kwarangwal partially rarrabe bay daga sauran teku. Amma duk da haka akwai manyan Finnish da Gulf of Bothnia

Neva Bay - ne m rabo daga Gulf of Finland. A nesa na game da 50 km daga St. Petersburg, shi ne tsibirin Kotlin, wanda gina birnin Kronstadt. Dam haɗu da tsibirin da kuma birnin St. Petersburg, karauka aka aza a kan Dam, don haka da cewa mutane suna iya samun zuwa ɓangaren duniya da kuma mayar da da mota.

A arewa maso gabashin part, inda iyakar tsakanin Rasha da kuma Finland, da Gulf of Finland ne alaka da Vyborg Bay. Akwai ma fãra Saimaa Canal hayar da Finland. Shi aikin da aiki na kai hanya, da kuma shi ne kuma rare tare da yawon bude ido a cikin dumi kakar. Guests zo nan da kuma ga kyau na faɗi, kuma wajibi-free shopping.

Coast

Baltic Sea tekun ne da bambancin. A Latvia bakin jari type, kafa da jari na yashi a kan iyakar. Kota kafa ta mashigar ruwa da aka ware daga cikin tẽku, da kunkuntar QFontDatabase, located in Kaliningrad. Liyi Coast aka kẽwayesu da wani babban bangare na teku, musamman, ya kamãta da Poland. Kuma suna kafa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da rinjaye iskõki da jihar bakin teku igiyoyin. Fjords - kunkuntar da kuma zurfin bays tare da m kuma falalen m cliffs cewa kewaye da teku daga arewa. Suna kafa ta tectonic laifuffukan da kuma ambaliya daga kogin kwari. Skerry Coast bayyana a sakamakon ambaliyar ruwa da smoothed da glaciers, folded crystalline kankara. Wadannan mukamai Project sama da surface na teku a matsayin sa-tarin tsiburai tsibiran da burbushi na glacial aiki.

By Baltic Sea kasashen da wadannan fitarwa - Rasha, Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Jamus, Poland, Sweden, Denmark, Finland. Bayan rushewar tarayyar Soviet, Rasha ya zauna a karamin sashe na Coast, kawai 7%, maimakon tsohon 25%, wanda ya kawo jihar shekara-shekara hasarori. daya tashar jiragen ruwa a Primorsk haka aza kusa Vyborg, wanda zai mayar da hankali a kan ci da bushe kaya. Na biyu tashar jiragen ruwa da ke a cikin Luga Bay, shi zai zama mai-loading.

tectonic matakai

Don wannan rana, shi ya ci gaba da canja Baltic Sea. Yana yana da kananan zurfin kamar yadda idan aka kwatanta da sauran sassa na Atlantic Ocean. A gaskiya, wannan sararin jiki na ruwa su zama a kan da dama lokatai ya zama wani lake, kuma tẽku sake saboda tectonic tafiyar matakai. Yanzu akwai wani mataki na teku raba daga teku da kuma juya shi a cikin wani sabo ruwa lake. An halin Yunƙurin na kasa na Gulf of Bothnia a lokacin da shekara ta 'yan santimita da kuma ambaliya kudancin ƙasar. Irin wannan matakai sa shi dole don mika arewa tashar jiragen ruwa kwata. Domin ceton da low-kwance sassa na tekun sanya tudun ƙasa.

zazzabi yadudduka

A zurfin, bi da bi, ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki na Baltic Sea. A mafi yawan sararin tafki na ruwa za a iya raba surface, tsaka da kuma zurfin ruwa da talakawa.

A surface Layer ne daga 0 zuwa 20 mita, gida - daga 0 zuwa 90 mita tare da zazzabi na 0 zuwa 20 digiri. An kafa da hulda teku tare da yanayi da kuma wani ruwa mai gudãna daga ɓangaren duniya. Baltic teku zafin jiki a cikin wannan Layer dabam dangane da lokaci na shekara. Summer daina nuna tsaka-tsaki sanyi ruwa da talakawa, kafa saboda gagarumin dumama teku surface. A zurfi Layer (kasa da kuma 50-60 mita sama da shi) ne a zazzabi daga 1 zuwa 15 digiri. Wannan Layer aka kafa ta ruwa shigar ta hanyar sassa Kananan da Manyan Belt da kuma stirring.

Don amfani da mi} a mulki Layer na ruwa a kan daga 20-60 ga 90-100 mita zurfin. Bã su da wani yawan zafin jiki na 2-6 da digiri, kafa ta hadawa da ruwa da zurfi da surface yadudduka.

Features ruwa zafin jiki a cikin Baltic Sea

Mutane daya-daya Sea yanki siffofi daban-daban ruwa Tsarin. Saboda haka, Bornholm yanki yana da wani dumi Layer (7-11 digiri) da kuma lokacin rani da kuma hunturu. An kafa da dumi ruwa zuwa daga kan nan Arkonskogo mai tsanani pool. Yana saboda da low zurfin teku ruwa da kuma matsawa a kwance jirgin sama sanyi matsakaici Layer ne ba ya nan a lokacin rani.

Canjawa yanayi zazzabi

Winter a bude teku ruwa zafin jiki ne mafi girma fiye da na bakin tekun, alhãli kuwa shi ne daban-daban a yammacin da kuma gabashin gaba. A watan Fabrairu zafin jiki ne 0.7 digiri a Ventspilsa a tekuna guda latitud - kamar 2 digiri, gabar yammacin kasar na - 1 digiri.

A lokacin rani da surface ruwa a sassa daban daban na cikin teku kuma suka sãɓã wa jũna a cikin zazzabi. Rinjaye iskõki suna kore Yammacin surface ruwa da talakawa daga yammacin ƙasar. Tamkar ruwan sanyi yakan zuwa surface. A sakamakon wannan sabon abu a cikin kudanci da kuma tsakiyar yankunan, da kuma yammacin ƙasar zazzabi tayi. Bugu da kari, zuwa kudu tare da bakin tekun na Sweden ne mai sanyi halin yanzu daga Gulf of Bothnia.

Yanayi hawa da sauka a cikin ruwa da zazzabi furta ne kawai a cikin babba 50-60 mita, zurfi dabi'u bambanta dan kadan. Canje-canje a cikin zafin jiki a cikin sanyi ne ba ya nan, amma tare da zurfin Manuniya sauke dan kadan. A dumi ruwa zazzabi yakan zuwa 20-30 mita sãsanni ta hanyar hadawa. Ko da a cikin bazara lokacin da tsanani-ruwa surface Layer da thermocline da aka bayyana mafi hanzari fiye da spring, da matsakaiciyar Layer aka adana sanyi.

Zurfin, topography da sauran fasali na Baltic Sea dogara ne a kan al'amurra da dama. Wannan Gwargwadon wuri, kasancewa a arewacin latitudes, kazalika da masauki a nahiyar farantin.