Ban sha'awa facts daga rayuwar Zhukovsky. Rayuwa da Works of Vasiliya Andreevicha Zhukovskogo

Vasiliy Andreevich Zhukovsky - kuzari mutum, ya yi nasara a abubuwa da yawa. Babban ban sha'awa facts daga rayuwar Zhukovsky ta'allaka ne da cewa, ya zama sananne mawãƙi, fassara da kotun cancantar majalisar ba da shawara. Ya ya iya gane su m ideas a ballads kuma songs, waqoqi da kuma fassara. Tun suna yara shi ya bayyana craving ga kyakkyawa, wanda Vasily ba su yi shakka rãyar. Saboda wannan, mun yanzu suna da damar da za su karanta Littafin waqoqi na Zhukovsky.

Origin Zhukovsky

VA Zhukovsky aka kawo up ba nasa mahaifin, domin shi daga dan ƙiya. Haka ya faru saboda Basil aka haife daga kãmun kai da Athanasius Ivanovich Bunin (kakan kaka na Rasha mawãƙi kuma marubuci Ivan Bunin) da kãmamme Turkish mace Salhi. Ta aka kawo Rasha bayan da kewaye na Turkiyya sansanin soja na Bendery. Salha aka yi masa baftisma kuma ba da sunan Elizabeth Orthodox. Ta dauki wani zato ga mai masauki. Tun Fabrairu 9 (New Style) 1783 bayyana Basil, amma yaron da aka bai wa sunan mallaki gidaje Zhukovsky, wanda ya rayu a cikin rahamar Bunin. Bunin aka kawo up dan da istinbadi yara. Dole ne in ce cewa A. I. Bunin sanya tabbata cewa dansa samu wani Jaruman Nasara, kuma tun suna yara ya rubuta wa aikin soja, duk da haka, shi ne ƙagagge. Saboda haka, ta na da shekara shidda yaron ya zama leftana da aka dauke shi mutum. Amma a nufin Afanasiy Bunin shege dan da aka ambata ba, da barin wani wasiyya istinbadi yara.

The ban sha'awa hali na mawãƙi?

V. A. Zhukovskogo ya gaske gagarumin adadi a cikin tarihi na Rasha shayari. Wahayi zuwa gare ta ideas na Yammacin kasida da marubuta Vasily haifar da nasu ayyukan, cike da bangaskiya a wani haske nan gaba ga mutane, a cikin abin da shi zai iya zama wani haskaka da kuma m. A ayoyi ya yi amfani da romantic hotuna a wanda ko da more fili bayyana ra'ayin 'yancin kai, a gwagwarmayar da bẽne akida na alheri, kyakkyawa, da oda.

Kamar haka nan kuma ya bayyana cikin ayoyin farko na Zhukovsky - "Karkara hurumi", "Singer a sansanin Rasha sojoji", "Sarkin sarakuna Alexander." Kowace daga cikinsu - a kira ga zaman lafiya, zaman lafiya, roko zuwa yanayi, da zaman lafiya da shiru. Zhukovsky Yana son ya kalla da kyakkyawa da wahayi zuwa gare ta da shi, kokarin ji dadin yanayi da kuma karatu. Saboda haka, ko da yaushe sha'awar ciki da waje na rayuwar dan Adam. Shi ne yanzu daga siyasa, da yaƙe-yaƙe da kuma zamantakewa gwagwarmaya. An don haka ba za mu iya ganin shi a cikin 'shayari, "Littafin waqoqi," Don Batyushkov "," Slav "da sauransu.

'Yan mutane san cewa Zhukovsky ne marubucin da Lines "m kyakkyawa". Bayan su maimaita Pushkin.

Zhukovsky Feature

Ana sa suna a cikin Manzon Allah Sallallahu shiga makaranta, ya kasance wani wallafe-wallafen al'umma, ya shugaban ta. Aiki a cikin al'umma, ya shirya, duk jam'iyyun da aka shiryar da shatan. Saboda haka, mutumin da na mawãƙi kuma muhimmi ikon gudanar da kowa hanyar, da nuna basirar da kuma damar iya yin komai. Zai yiwu wadannan su ne halayen da Zhukovsky (mawãƙi) ya malamin Alexander II.

Tushe da yawa suna da'awar cewa Vasily da aka ba kawai mai kyau malami, amma kuma mai ba da shawara a kotu. Mutane da yawa sau ya tsĩrar da kõre kasida, musamman A. S. Pushkina, zai iya shafar ra'ayi na yanzu sarki, to magance ta jumla, T. E. Zhukovskomu muhimmi a diflomasiyya kyauta.

Domin da romantic rai na mawãƙi uncharacteristic rudeness. A akasin wannan, tun suna yara ya aka bambanta da sentimentality, ya kasance m, kuma m. Ina da wani lafiya ruhaniya kungiyar, da kuma kowane kwarewa ne warai masa rauni. Poems da fassara sun taimaka wajen bayyana a ji da kuma zafi samu da mawãƙi, da kuma masu karatu sun wahayi zuwa gare ta bayyanannu, kuma succinct epithets, kyau phrases cewa taso da sha'awar rayuwa. Zhukovsky mawãƙi ya m aiki da aka kammala.

Zhukovsky ta rawa a fādar sarki

'Yan daga cikin kasida da marubuta za su iya alfahari da babban tasiri a kotu. Yawancin lokaci kasida ƙi ga babban kalmomi a cikin aya kõre ko kashe, amma Zhukovsky gudanar ya karya fadar zuciya, da kuma da yawa sau ya tsĩrar da kõre kasida, ya taimaka A. S. Pushkinu, serf mawãƙi Shevchenko. Godiya ga shi, da Decembrists ba ya aiko zuwa ga scaffold, kuma aka fitar da su Siberia. Domin irin wannan sakamako na bukatar iyawa, da kuma Zhukovsky, ya Lalle, haƙiƙa ya. In ba haka ba, rayuwa Vasiliya Andreevicha Zhukovskogo ba zai je saukar a tarihi. Facts nuna yadda tsanani dauki ra'ayi na da wakilan da sarauta daular mawãƙi ne.

Zhukovsky shekaru na rayuwa da aka imbued tare da ra'ayin na ilimi, bisa ga abin da ya zama daidai da baƙon, da kuma Rasha. Amma da Rasha, da zurfin tofin mawãƙi, shi ne babban amfani ga Fatherland, fiye da baƙo. A karshen zai yi aiki daga son-kai, maimakon ga soyayya na Rasha, ta wannan mutum zai nemi su taimaka da Mahaifa, mahaifiyata zuwa karshen. A cikinta ta'allaka da ƙarfi, kuma ikon da Fatherland, inda hukunci irin rawa da manufofin da sarki.

Personal rai na mawãƙi

Basil Afanasievich ya ba Ladies 'mutum. Da farko Love ya hadu a shekaru 22 a 'yar'uwarsa gidan da mahaifinta, Ekateriny Protasovoy. Ita 'yar Masha ya sa'an nan shekaru 12 da haihuwa, ta kasance dalibi na Zhukovsky. Bayan shekaru 7 da Basil woo da Protassova Masha. Amma samu mai wuya gazawar kamar yadda uwa Catherine da'awar cewa Mary - yar dangi na Basil.

Personal rayuwa Zhukovsky fara a shekaru 58 da haihuwa sa'ad da ya tafi zuwa Jamus da kuma auri 'yar abokinsa, da artist Reitern, Afrilu 21, 1841 A mawãƙi sadaukar ta waka "Elizabeth Reitern", wadda aka saki a cikin 1840 a mujallar "Musical da Theatrical Gazette ". Elizabeth shi ne a wancan lokaci da shekaru 19 da haihuwa. Daga cikin aure dan Paul kuma ya Alexandra. A 'yan shekaru Zhukovsky hatched da ra'ayin ya dawo zuwa mahaifarsa, amma ya tsoma baki tare da matarsa ta rashin lafiya.

Tare suka zauna na tsawon shekaru 15.

A watan Afrilu 1852 a Jamus garin Baden-Baden, da mawãƙi ta rayuwa da aka yanka a takaice.

A 1856, Elizabeth mutu Zhukovskaya.

Zhukovsky a cikin tunanin

Ban sha'awa facts daga rayuwar Zhukovsky ba memoirs na Sahaban. saboda haka halaye na su memoirs shubuha. Wasu ganin shi a matsayin shiru kuma enigmatic hali, wasu jayayya da cewa Zhukovsky - rai daga kamfanin. Yana da wuya a yi hukunci, saboda haka, amince a quotes.

A cikin memoirs, kamara-a page na Maria Feodorovna Zhukovsky "girman da shiru", ya taba furta wata kalma a Rasha. Amma da yawa na son contemplative tattaunawa a kan m jigogi cewa haifar da waqe cike da romantic images, kamar "A cikakken rahoto a kan wata." Yana da wani hadari da yawa memoirs dace da siffar Zhukovsky ne, ta hanyar shayari. A cikinsu ya bayyana "masihirci", "bayar da labarun baka", "singer na Rasha sojoji", "Kirista." Wancan, da shi sunan mawãƙi abokai, dangi da kuma mutane san kadan game da.

Ko da a cikin rayuwar yau da kullum don sadarwa tare da shi mutane suka ga Vasilii Andreeviche da farko wani mawãƙi ba ne. A takaice game da Zhukovsky ce AD Bludova: "Conversation tare da shi guda Maxaukakin Sarki ... ado kusan sufi flair m kamar yadda ya romantic images." Duk da haka, daga sauran mutane, za mu koyi sosai halaye daban-daban. A cikin memoirs na kusa abokai F. F. Vigelya, A. S. Pushkina, P. A. Vyazemskogo rayuwa da kuma aiki na Zhukovsky duba daban-daban. Yana fuskantar da mu tare da image na with, with, "funny da m? Aryaci."

Saboda haka, mu gwarzo hadawa biyu contrasting bayyanar. Ya variously bayyana kanta a rayuwar yau da kullum da kuma a cikin aikin, amma wannan shi ne abin da ba ka damar haifar da mafi kwarai hoto. Muhimmancin ne m ga parody, mutumci - kira ga wani jitu da zaman adalci.

wani view

Ban sha'awa facts daga rayuwar Zhukovsky bayyana a lokacin da muka karanta memoirs AO Smirnova-Rosset, ilimi, da wallafe-wallafen hazaka mace. Ta mayar da hankali ta ganinsu a yau da kullum Zhukovsky, sabili da haka ta bayanin da mawãƙi daukan kan dukan daban-daban ma'anar. Vasily zama m, kauna kadan, yaro ta da laifi, irin, m, m, m barkwanci da barkwanci.

A cikin wallafe-wallafen na gyaran gashi ne ba tare da V. A. Zhukovskogo, domin suna ganin a da shi ma cikin nasa akida wani mutum wanda shi ne mai bidi'a a cikin wallafe-wallafen arts. Around ayyukansa ko da yaushe ƙone muhawarar, wanda ke nufin cewa su resonate tsakanin masu karatu da kuma fusatar da abokan gaba. Amma da Zhukovsky da jũna can wuri mai nĩsa m tattaunawa. Ya aka kallon su daga gefe, da kiyaye shiru. A waɗannan lokuta, da kalmomin da marubucin da kansa, ya samu mafaka a cikin shayari, "wanda shi ne mai zaman kanta da short-gani mahukunta da kuma abun ciki da kanta."

A cikin memoirs, mafi kusa aboki A. S. Pushkina Zhukovsky ke dogara aboki, da aminci, haƙuri, kuma m: "The fama da matsaloli na wani matsanancin dan wasa."

hankula hali

Wasu ban sha'awa facts daga rayuwar Zhukovsky bayyana shi a matsayin mai karimci, irin mutum. Mutane da yawa memoirs bikin ya tufafin, amma mafi alhẽri fahimta ta image taimaka daya hali. A 1840, Zhukovsky abokai yanke shawarar ba shi abincin rana, wanda ya so ya zo tsofaffi farfesa. A mawãƙi ya ki gani da shi a kan bako jerin, saboda ya karanta ya laudatory odes da karshe na Vasily kansa. Complete rashin tunani ga daraja da kuma adulation marubucin characterizes matsayin ruhaniya, yanzu ainihi.

Rayuwa da kuma aiki na Zhukovsky nuna cewa ya dandana rubucen da kuma hambarar da, amma kafin karshen zamaninsa ya zauna ya na akida. Ya kasance ba m, don haka ya gabatar A. S. Pushkinu hoto tare da kalmomin da "dalibi ya lashe daga rasa malami".

Daya m rana Zhukovsky ga wani yana bara a kan gefen hanya tare da frostbitten ƙafafunsa. Yanã bãyar da shi 110 rubles (a babbar Naira Miliyan Xari a waɗannan kwanaki; don kwatanta, mai kyau abincin dare a cikin gidan cin abinci kudin 10 aninai). Kashegari, da gurgu na Zhukovsky umarnin kwashe shi zuwa asibiti, kuma bi da ga free.

Wanne kai wani mawãƙi?

• Shi ya ci gaba da Rasha Romanticism, da gudummawar da ta fitowan su kerawa. Fassarawa Turai ayyukansu, da mawãƙi aka yi wahayi zuwa Yammacin ra'ayoyi da kuma kokarin kawo su a cikin rãyuwar Rasha mutane, amma ya aikata shi diplomasiya, guje wa matsananci sentences da jihar, kuma wannan ya sanã'anta na soyayya da na sarki nobility. Daga bisani romantic ideas aka ci gaba a cikin ayyukan da sauran Rasha kasida. A musamman, A. S. Pushkin aka dogara ne a kan aikin da Zhukovsky, girmama shi da kuma yabon da basira.
• Godiya ga taimako daga Zhukovsky matsayin mastermind, mu kasance saba da yawa ayyukan A. S. Pushkina, musamman tare da waka "Ruslan da Lyudmila". Alexander - mai baiwa wallafe-wallafe na karni na 19th - ba zai iya rubuta more ba tare da karanta sassa Sauran Zhukovsky, kuma kawai bayan da wani kima na ci gaba da haifar da.
• Kamar yadda wani malami na Sarkin sarakuna Alexander II na, Zhukovsky sanar da shi zuwa ga tunani a babban da dogaro a kan ra'ayoyin kasashen yammaci, dasa kadan soyayya gama sarki ya so kuma wayar da kan jama'a. Tare da wannan umurnin ne, Alexander II, serfdom da aka soke a 1861.
• Creativity Vasily gane da yawa daga masu karatu, kuma ya kasance rare da wannan rana. A tunawa da shi da aka bar.

Zhukovsky Bibliography

Zhukovsky shekaru na rayuwa sun bar su da alãmarsu. Zuriyar shige yawa waqe, fassarorin, da wallafe-wallafen articles cewa zubar da haske a kan abubuwan da suka faru na baya, shi ne mai tarihi daftarin aiki, da aka buga a yau, wanda ke nufin kerawa Vasily ban sha'awa a gare mu.

Zhukovsky - marubucin 6 elegies: "Karkara hurumi", "Slav", "teku", "yamma", "A mutuwar ...", "Singer a sansanin Rasha sojoji."

Ya rubuta da song "Zobe Yankan kurwa" da "Turgenev, a mayar da martani ga wasika," da song, idylls da odes. Ya rubuta na farko Rasha take kasar "Addu'a Rasha."

Daga alkalami zo da hikaya "Barci Princess", "A Tale of Tsar Berende", "A Tale of Ivan Tsarevich da Gray Wolf," "Puss a Boots."

Author na 12 ballads - "Svetlana", "Sarkin Forest", "Knight Togenburg" da sauransu. Aikinsa a litattafan - labari "Marina Garka". Rubuta articles, kasidu, ayoyin, waqe. Goethe ya yi son rai canja wurin, Schiller, Byron, Scott.

Zhukovsky ya mai kyau draftsman kuma ya bar da yawa ban sha'awa almara a fensir.

Taqaitaccen Tarihin mawãƙi

02.09.1783 - haihuwar Vasiliya Zhukovskogo.

1789 - samun da nobility.

1797-1801 gg. - horo a makarantar kwana, abin da yake a karfi a Moscow University.

1802 - halarta a karon a matsayin mawãƙi da kuma fassara. A cikin "Journal of Turai" da aka buga da waka "Karkara hurumi" - free fassarar ayyukan da Turanci mawãƙi na Gray. The m rai na Zhukovsky ci gaba har sai da ya karshe numfashi.

Na 1808-1809. - edita na "Manzon Turai".

1812 - Vasily Zhukovsky bar mayakan. Ya tabbatar da cewa ba tare da kasancewar a cikin ƙasa ba zai iya rubuta wakoki da kuma raira waƙa m ji. Kana bukatar ka fuskanci ji na mutanen da. In ba haka ba, a cikin ayoyi ba su yi ĩmãni da shi.

1815 - gayyace zuwa kotu sabis. Bugu da kari a sauran ayyuka, aiki a matsayin mai riwayan na Empress Maria Feodorovna.

1817 - nada don ya koyar da Rasha harshen da gimbiya Charlotte.

1825 - ya nada malami na Alexander II.

1841 - Zhukovsky murabus daga kwamitin domin rayuwa a cikin 4000 rubles a kowace shekara. A bikin aure na mawãƙi ne. Motsi zuwa Jamus.

24.04.1852 birni - mutuwar mawãƙi ne. Kabarin V. A. Zhukovskogo located in St. Petersburg, a cikin hurumi na Alexander Nevsky Lavra. An located kusa da kabari N. M. Karamzina - malamin da mawãƙi.