Basic harshe yana nufin a Rasha harshe. Harshe yana nufin: definition da kuma yin amfani da

Rasha harshen - daya daga cikin mafi arziki, kyau da kuma hadaddun. Ba kalla haka shi ya sa da wanzuwar babban adadin fi'ili wajen magana.

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu bincika abin da harshe yana nufin da kuma abin da nau'in shi ne. Ka yi la'akari da misalai na yin amfani da wallafe-wallafen da kuma yau da kullum magana.

Harshe yana nufin a Rasha harshen - abin da yake da shi?

Fi'ili wajen aikewa amfani a Rasha harshen yi da rubutu na musamman ma'anar, kyakkyawa da zurfin. Suna taimaka don bayyana marubucin ra'ayi ga batun na muhawara, domin jawo hankali ga mafi ma'ana fasali na wani abu, taron ko sabon abu.

Rasha shayari kuma wallafe-wallafen ba zai iya kwatanta, idan mun ware da yin amfani da albarkatun ilimin harshe. A amfani da kalmomi, yin rubutu ma'ana, ba kawai yi ado da shi, amma kuma nuna da matakin na fasaha na marubuci, ya jawabin al'adu, style.

Description na yau da kullum abubuwa na iya zama kyau da kuma sabon abu, yin amfani da wani harshe na art wajen.

Kalmomi da maganganu da cewa ba magana rubutu da aka conventionally kasu kashi uku kungiyoyin: karin lafazi, lexical (da suka Trail) da kuma stylistic Figures.

Don amsa wannan tambaya, abin da harshen na nufin, samun Masana su kusa.

Lexical hanyar magana

En - harshe yana nufin a Rasha harshen, wanda aka yi amfani da marubucin cikin wani alama, da kamã da jũna ma'anar. Yadu a yi amfani ayyukan art.

En ana amfani da su haifar da na gani, auditory, olfactory images. Taimaka wajen haifar da wasu yanayi, don yin karatu da ake so sakamako.

Dalili na lexical hanyar magana ne a fakaice ko bayyane kwatanta. Yana za a iya dogara ne a kan kama, da sirri da ƙungiyoyi da marubucin ko da sha'awar bayyana wani abu a cikin wani hanya.

Main harshen na nufin: en

A kan hanyoyi mun haɗu har yanzu a makaranta. Tuno da ya fi na kowa wadanda:

1. Epithet - mafi shahara da kowa tafarkin. Sau da yawa samu a wakoki. Epithet - shi ne mai m, ma'ana definition, wanda dogara ne a kan wani boye kwatanta. Yana karfafa musamman bayyana abu, ta fi ma'ana fasali. Misalai: "Rosy alfijir", "hur harafin", "zinariya hannayensu", "azurfa murya".
2. Kwatanta - wata kalma ko jumla, wadda ta dogara ne a kan wani kwatanta daya batu zuwa wani. An sanya mafi yawa a cikin nau'i na kamanta yawa. Koyi yiwu ta yin amfani da halayyar wannan dabara kungiya ta kashin: idan, kamar yadda yake, kamar yadda daidai cewa. Ga wasu misalai: "wani m, kamar yadda raɓa takan", "fari fat kamar auduga", "mike kamar Reed."
3. Misãli - a wajen magana, wanda dogara ne a kan wani boye kwatanta. Amma, sabanin da kamanta yawa, shi ne ba dai da kungiyoyin kwadago. Misãli da aka gina da dogaro a kan kwatankwacinsa na biyu da jawabai abubuwa. Ga misali: "albasarta majami'u", "raɗa da ciyawa", "sama da hawaye."
4. Kamancin - kalmomi kama a ma'anar amma iri dabam-dabam a cikin rubuce-rubuce. Bayan gargajiya ma'ana, akwai kunsa. Sun riƙi wani daraja a cikin wani takamaiman rubutu. Mu dubi misalai: "tsalle - tsalle", "look - gani".
5. Saɓanin ma'ana - kalmomi da cewa suna da daura da juna darajar. Kazalika da ma'ana, akwai kunsa. Misali: "fari - black", "ihu - rada", "kwanciyar hankali - tashin hankali."
6. Sojan gona - watsa matattun abu halaye, halaye da rai. Ga misali: "Willow twigs girgiza," "rãnã murmushi mai haske", "ruwan sama pounded a kan rufin", "twittered kitchen rediyo."

Akwai wasu hanyoyi?

Lexical wajen magana a cikin Rasha harshen sosai. Bugu da kari ga kungiyar saba wa kowa da kowa, da kuma akwai wadanda cewa ba su da aka sani ga dama, amma kuma yadu amfani:

1. Metonymy - da aka canza daya kalma for wani da irin wannan ko da guda darajar. Mu dubi misalai: "Hey, blue jacket (roko ga mutumin a cikin blue jacket)," "dukan ajin sãɓa wa (ma'ana duk aji dalibai)."
2. Synecdoche - kwatanta da canja wurin rabo a kan dukan, da kuma mataimakin versa. Misali: "ku iya ji da jubilant Bafaranshe (marubucin yayi magana da Faransanci sojojin)," "kwari kaisu," "a cikin garke da mutum ɗari da kawunansu."
3. Misalin - ma'ana kwatanta ideas ko Concepts tare da yin amfani da m image. Shi ne ya fi kowa a cikin tatsuniyoyi, tatsuniya da misalai. Alal misali, fox alama wayo zomo - matsorata kerkẽci - fushi.
4. Hyperbole - m ƙaruwa. Yana da hidima ga sa rubutu mafi ma'ana. Yana sa girmamawa a kan wani musamman batu, mutum ko sabon abu. Get saba da misalai na "kalmomi hallaka bege," "ya yi - da m mugunta", "ya kasance da arba'in sau mafi kyau."
5. Litotes - musamman rashin faɗi na real facts. Ga misali: "Ya kasance bakin ciki Reed", "ya kasance babu fiye da wani shafi."
6. Fasara - maye kalmomi, motsin synonymous hade. Amfani don kauce wa lexical maimaitawar a daya ko makwabtan sentences. Misali: "fox - wayo dan damfara", "rubutu - brainchild na marubucin."

stylistic Figures

Stylistic Figures - harshe nufin a Rasha harshen, wanda ba cikin jawabin wani hasashe expressiveness. Canza ta da wani tunanin darajar.

Figures na magana suna yadu amfani da wakoki da kuma litattafan daga lokacin da tsoho kasida. Duk da haka, yanzu kuma m fassarar ajalin bambanta.

A zamanin d Girka yi imani da cewa stylistic Figures - harshe yana nufin harshen, wanda a siffar bambanta muhimmanci daga yau da kullum magana. Yanzu an yi imani da cewa adadi na jawabin - wani ɓangare na magana da harshen.

Menene stylistic Figures?

The style offers mai yawa nasu kudi:

1. Lexical maimata da ita (anaphora, epiphora, kumshin hadin gwiwa) - ma'ana harshe kayan aikin da cewa sun hada da maimaita wani bangare na jumla a cikin farkon, karshen, ko a jamsin tare da na gaba. Ga misali: "Shi ne mai kyau sauti. Da shi shi ne mafi kyau murya Na ji a cikin 'yan shekaru. "
2. Antithesis - daya ko fiye da bada shawarwari da cewa su ne bisa 'yan adawa. Alal misali, ka yi la'akari da hukunci: "ura eked fita - kuma a cikin sama Vita".
3. Gradation - ta amfani da jumla ma'ana zubar a kan mataki na karuwa ko Fading halayyar. Misali: "Sparkles a kan wani Kirsimeti itace haske, haskaka, haskaka."
4. Oxymoron - hada da magana kalmomi cewa musanta juna a ma'anar, ba za a iya amfani da guda abun da ke ciki. A mafi daukan hankali da kuma sanannun misali na wannan stylistic adadi - "Matattu Rayukan".
5. Inversion - canza domin na gargajiya tsari na kalmomi a cikin jumla. Alal misali, ba "shi ya ruga," da kuma "ya gudu da shi."
6. Parceling - rabuwa guda ma'anar jumla cikin da dama sassa. Ga misali: "A maimakon haka, Nikolai. Neman ba tare da Ƙibtawa. "
7. Polysyndeton - da yin amfani da kungiyoyin kwadago don sadarwa kama sassa na jumla. Ana amfani da mafi ma'ana murya. Misali: "Yana wani bakon da ban mamaki da kuma kyau, kuma m rana."
8. Asyndeton - sadarwar kama sharuddan na jumla ne da za'ayi ba tare da kungiyoyin kwadago. Ga misali: "Ya ruga, ihu, suna kuka, suna makoki mara karewa."

Karin lafazi wajen magana

Karin lafazi wajen aikewa - da karami kungiyar. Wadannan sun hada da maimaitawa na wasu sauti domin ya haifar da kyau m images.

Mafi sau da yawa, wannan hanya da ake amfani a wakoki. A mawallafa amfani da sauti Replay, a lokacin da suka so su canja wurin sauti da tsawa, da rustling na ganye ko wasu halitta da mamaki.

Har ila yau, karin lafazi kayan aikin taimaka ba shayari wani hali. Saboda yin amfani da wasu haduwa da sauti da rubutu za a iya sanya more stringent, ko mataimakin versa - taushi.

Abin da ake da karin lafazi wajen zama?

1. Alliteration - maimaitawa a cikin rubutu na daya baƙaƙe, Yãna halitta da zama dole image na marubucin. Misali: "Na mafarki kama da barin inuwõyi, da barin inuwar ranar bitattu."
2. Assonance - maimaita wasu wasali sauti don ƙirƙirar m m image. Misali: "Na yi yawo tare da tituna na biki ya kasance biki, shiga kawai makami a maƙil Haikalin."
3. Onomatopoeic - aikace-aikace karin lafazi haduwa da kai takamaiman sauti sakamako: ƙyastawa, da sauti tãguwar ruwa, da rustling ganye.

Amfani magana na nufin expressiveness

Harshe yana nufin a Rasha harshen da aka yi amfani da ko'ina, kuma ci gaba da za a yi amfani da wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu, zama da shi litattafan ko shayari.

Excellent umurnin stylistic Figures nuna marubuta na Golden Age. Saboda da masterful amfani da expressiveness na ayyukansu sun m, alama, m ga kunne. Ba abin mamaki da suka suna dauke kasa taskar Rasha.

Tare da ilimin harsuna ya nufin muke fuskanta ba kawai a cikin adabi, amma kuma a cikin rayuwar yau da kullum. Kusan kowace mutum yana amfani da a cikin jawabin similes, metaphors, epithets. Ba tare da gane shi, muna yin mai kyau da kuma m harshe.