Beekeeping: swarming ƙudan zuma da kareshi matakan

A cikin 'yan shekaru, beekeeping ya zama Popular abin wãsa. Ga wasu shi ne kawai sha'awa da abin shagala kawai a natsuwa, ga wasu - quite wani riba kasuwanci. A general, shi ne sosai lokaci-cinyewa da kuma rikitarwa aiki, wanda a tsakanin sauran abubuwa damar da beekeeper domin qarfafa mai yawa tabbatacce halaye kamar wuya aikin, da mayar da hankali da kuma sharpness, daidaito. Tare da farko na zafi fara wannan muhimmin da kuma dogon kakar ga ƙudan zuma domin kula, wanda zai kawo karshen wata a baya fiye da kaka. A gaban mai yawa aiki.

swarming ƙudan zuma

Yau za mu mayar da hankali a daki-daki, a kan irin wannan muhimmanci topic a beekeeping kamar yadda wani taro na ƙudan zuma da kareshi matakan. Wannan tsari faruwa a lokacin rani. Ainihin ranar, a wannan yanayin da ake kira kawai zai yiwu ba, domin shi ne ya rinjayi mutane da yawa dalilai, wanda aka tattauna a kasa. Swarming ƙudan zuma da kuma rigakafin matakan da aka bayyana a kasa.

Mene ne wannan?

Kafin ta kwatanta yadda za a kauce wa swarming ƙudan zuma, kana bukatar ka san abin da shi ne da kuma dalilin da ya sa wannan tsari ya auku?

A kowane apiary a shekara samuwar sabon iyalai da kuma su halitta waste. Beekeepers ana amfani da su cika apiary, don sayarwa ko kuma ya rama iyalan rasa for daban-daban dalilai, kazalika don maye low yawan aiki da kudan zuma iyalai. Karkashin yanayi, da kwari ninka da kuma shirya saboda m gabbai.

Saboda haka, mu yi la'akari da cewa irin wannan wani taro na ƙudan zuma da kareshi matakan.

Swarming - wata halitta, halitta haifuwa da kuma waste da kudan zuma iyalai, aiki fita a cikin shakka daga juyin halitta. Yana samar da sabon mutane a karfafa da kuma kiyaye iyali. Sa'annan akwai giya iyali for adana daga cikin jinsin aka kasu kashi biyu. Daya part (taro) ya fita daga hive da ta mahaifa da drones, da kuma fara ya yi rayuwa. Buga zobiki zuma, suka bar su haihuwa gidajensu da kuma shirya a kan wani prearranged wuri wani sabon gida.

Wani sashi na baya aza matochnikov nuna sabon sarauniya. A wannan lokaci, sun dakatar da tarin kafura.

Lokacin da swarming ƙudan zuma fara

Dangane da yankin swarming iya faruwa har zuwa 3 ko fiye sau a shekara, tsawon taro lokaci ne daga 2 zuwa 6 makonni. Bees asali a cikin iyali da kuma fita daga Kwayoyin. Weaker mazauna iya cika da wasu bata lokaci ba, kamar yadda a farkon spring ba su da wani isasshen adadin a cikin hive na ƙudan zuma.

Shiri for swarming

Bee iyali yana farawa shirya domin swarming hankali. Dandana beekeepers a wasu matakai na iya gane cututtuka da kuma hana digging fitar. Al'ada ci gaban da iyali riga a cikin tsawon flowering tsire-tsire suna fara girma drones da kuma sa igiyar ciki bowls, inda Sarauniyar kayansa mãsu qwai a kan lokaci. A hankali, da iyali fara ƙara yawan ƙudan zuma da kuma brood. Tare da ci gaban igiyar ciki larvae jituwa a cikin iyali ne karye. Ya zauna cikin mahaifa ba ji guda kula a kan wani ɓangare na ƙudan zuma. Saboda matalauta rage cin abinci, ta an tilasta ci nasu, tattara zuma kai tsaye daga Kwayoyin. Ta kwai samarwa tayi, shi kayansa mãsu 'yan qwai. A jikin zama haske, akwai ikon tashi.

A wasu ƙudan zuma da cika fuska rage karfin ga aikin, su daina tashi, daina gina cell rage-rage da cika fuska tattara pollen kuma kafura.

Bees wanda ba a aiki, crowding tare a kasa daga cikin hive, rataye kamar gemu. Daya samun ra'ayi cewa su aka jiran wani abu. Sai suka nuna hali a cikin 1-3 makonni.

Kafin swarming ƙudan zuma fara gina jiki nauyi, kuma wannan ne wajaba saboda taro ya zama a cikin wani gajeren lokaci yi wani babban aiki: to gina wani sabon gida, brood da kuma kawo shirya abinci domin hunturu.

A la'akari da mu theme yau da muhimmanci a san game da haddasawa.

A Sanadin swarming

Akwai da yawa abubuwan da shafi hali na ƙudan zuma swarming. Daya daga cikin manyan dalilan ne overcrowding na kwari lalacewa ta hanyar yawaitar gida manya da brood. Rashin daidaituwa da zazzabi tsokani wani babban yawan ƙudan zuma, da tilasta su a kasu kashi biyu halves.

An tabbatar da cewa mafi akai-akai da fallasa swarming iyali zaune a tsare yanayi da kuma zubar a rana. Don hana swarming jihar ƙudan zuma, beekeepers yi shawarar hanyoyin da kiyaye da kuma kiwo na kwari, ciki har da wani karuwa a cikin juz'i na shagaltar sheƙarsu da kuma raguwa a yawan manya da brood. Amma a aikace, da cewa matakan da ba su iya taimaka a kawo karshen taro tsari, amma kawai rage yawan iyalai yawaita. Saboda haka, an kammala da cewa overcrowding a cikin hive - wannan ba babban factor a cikin abin da ya faru na swarming.

A zato game da dalilan ilhami taro na ƙudan zuma da aka sanya gerstungen. Ya da'awar cewa a wasu lokuta a cikin gida zama da yawa na masu shayarwa da mutane, bada mafi girma madara wadata ga larvae fiye da ya kamata ya kasance. A nasa ra'ayin, da yawa madara da ake amfani da namo ƙudan zuma da kuma larvae tsokana da iyali a haifa. Duk da haka gerstungen bai bayyana dalilin da ya sa nas ne a duk kudan zuma mazauna, amma suna yiwuwa ga swarming ne ba duka.

shaida

Mene ne alamun swarming ƙudan zuma?

• Babban alama na swarming ne cewa Sarauniyar kudan zuma kwanciya qwai rage ko gaba daya tsaya a nan shi.
• Bees gushe gina wani cell. Su ciji, don maye gurbin da detuning na sakar zuma.
• A iyalan babu oversupply na aikin matasa ƙudan zuma. Sun rataya a gungu a kan m firam.
• Bees zama marasa amfani. Sun daina aikinsu, kuma da wuya tashi daga hive.
• Da kudan zuma gida a dama siffofin wani ɓangare na wani yawa na taro sarauniya Kwayoyin. Adadin su iya isa 20 guda.

Beekeeper kamata samar dace sanarwa canje-canje da faruwa a cikin kudan zuma iyalai da kuma lokacin da za a gudanar da wani ayyuka da da swarming ƙudan zuma.

Gargadi swarming ƙudan zuma

Hanyoyin zamani na beekeeping na kokarin kawar da swarming tsari. Tracking digging da kuma cire shi daga cikin itatuwan - sosai lokaci-cinyewa hanya. Apiary, wanda aka halitta daga swarms ba sosai tasiri a nan gaba za su haifar da matsaloli da yawa. Yadda za a hana swarming ƙudan zuma? Akwai protivoroevyh kewayon ayyuka don ci gaba da kwari daga swarming. Bees bukatar lokaci zuwa load gina Kwayoyin don ci gaba da samar da matasa banza. Yana da muhimmanci kwaro jinsunan.

rigakafin

Yadda za a hana swarming ƙudan zuma?

• Duba a hankali, don haka da cewa gidan kudan zuma da aka ba cunkus. Idan dole, shigar hawa na biyu.
• Koyaushe fadada da gida. Kwari dole aiki rayayye - don gina sakar zuma.
• A gida ya kamata ko da yaushe a brood. Wannan zai kara kuzari cikin mahaifa a duk sau sa qwai.
• Lokacin da kashe-kakar da ƙudan zuma ba tattara Nectar da pollen, suna ciyar.
• Amya dole ne a kiyaye shi daga cikin zãfi.

Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban na hana swarming ƙudan zuma. Bari ta la'akari da su kara.

Trimming mahaifa reshe

Tsohon protivoroevy Hanyar - undercut reshe guda a cikin mahaifa, to, shi ba zai iya tashi da ba su tashi a taro. Rashin kyaunta shine cewa ga ƙudan zuma sau da yawa wadannan mares yana qaryata, kuma fitarwa wani sabon mahaifa. Saboda haka mafi alhẽri a yi amfani da wata hanya.

Rufe notches sanduna

A ƙofar ne mai yiwuwa a kafa sanduna, don haka da cewa ta hanyar tantanin halitta zai iya hawa kawai ƙudan zuma, amma babu mahaifa. Sai ta yi ba zai iya tashi a taro da kuma taro ba tare da wani mahaifa zai dawo.

Hasara na wannan hanya ta'allaka ne da cewa da yawa kwari cuta fuka-fuki da mutuwa. Bugu da kari, cikin swarming tsari ne ba gaba daya tsaya, amma kawai braked. Bayan wani lokaci fita daga Sarauniyar Kwayoyin bakarãriya matasa banza, wanda ya hallaka fetal mahaifa. Bee iyali yayin da swarming, ya bar mafi banza yawaita ba tare da wani mahaifa lokaci zuwa lokaci hadarurruka, amma ya dawo da hive. Wannan ke kan for game da mako guda. ƙudan zuma sai a zabi daya matasa mahaifa sauran hallaka. A grille an cire, da kuma wani sabon sarauniya daukan kashe to Dede da drones.

The iyali na dogon lokaci daina ci gaba kullum, ga ƙudan zuma ne m. Wannan iyali shi ne babban zuma tarin ba ya tattara da yawa na zuma.

Saukaka wannan hanya ne cewa, lokacin da ya zama dole a bar apiary kuma ba za ka iya kula da jirgin na taro, irin wannan grating za a iya kafa ga rana. Roy ba zai tashi daga nan.

Hawa a buga brood

Wannan hanya ya dace idan kwari ne a cikin 12- kuma 16-frame guda-hulled amya.

Lokacin da iyali ya sami ƙarfi, kuma tun kafin zuma amfanin gona don hana swarming, kangon da shãfe haske brood da aka dauka daga karfi da kuma iyalansu ba weaker. Maimakon sa da firam tare da bude brood da kuma qwai. A sakamakon haka, bayan da matasa ƙudan zuma suna inganta rauni, dysfunctional iyalai suka sami damar ba da babban zuma yawan amfanin ƙasa marketable zuma. Strong wannan iyali, wanda kwashe frame fara shayar da mama da wani bude brood a cikin mahaifa akwai isa sararin samaniya don kwai-kwanciya, kuma ga ƙudan zuma a cikin taro bai zo ba.

Musanya amya

Idan ka riga aza Sarauniyar Kwayoyin kuma ga ƙudan zuma an shirya zuwa yawaita, da tsari za a iya katse swapping biyu na hive. Daya a cikin abin da kudan zuma mazauna da yake faruwa yawaita, kuma ya aza Sarauniyar Kwayoyin suna canjawa wuri zuwa wani rauni iyali wuri, kana so ka ƙarfafa. A wurinsa, kawo rauni.

Tare da irin wannan permutation na kwari daga wani karfi kudan zuma mallaka, wanda aka shirya don yawaita, bayan da gardama daga cikin hive zai kasance da baya sake a cikin tsohon wuri, da karfafa rauni iyali. Taro iyali bayan da asarar su ƙudan zuma za su rasa ƙarfi, kuma a sakamakon da swarming tsaya a nan ba.

Amma sarauniya Kwayoyin idan sun kasance ba sgryzli ƙudan zuma, wata ila ya zama. Suna bukatar da za a yanka. Idan kana bukatar ka maye gurbin ya zauna cikin mahaifa, da barin wasu daga cikin mafi kyau sarauniya Kwayoyin. Lokacin da na farko sarauniya ta fito, shi zai maye gurbin tsohon sarauniya.

Hana swarming ƙudan zuma wannan hanya yana da daya drawback. Yana ba ko da yaushe faru cikin mahaifa canji da kuma wani karamin taro na ƙudan zuma iya har yanzu tashi. Saboda haka shi ne mafi alhẽri a cire duk Sarauniyar Kwayoyin kuma, idan ya cancanta, canja mahaifa, shi ne zai yiwu shuka matasa.

Fada ƙudan zuma swarming wadannan hanyoyi za a gudanar a kawai da lafiya kudan zuma mazauna, ba don canja wurin na parasites, kuma pathogens a wasu amya.

Kostyleva Hanyar FM

Muna ci gaba da duba swarming ƙudan zuma da kareshi matakan. Ba a ma maganar Kostyleva Hanyar.

A yamma, bayan da jirgin da ƙudan zuma, swarms na kudan zuma mazauna aka canjawa wuri zuwa wani hive located daga gangway. All sarauniya Kwayoyin karya da kuma kashe brood sake shirya da dare a cikin gida zuwa neroevoy iyali. Samar da ƙarin bugu da abinci akwatin, da kuma zuma ake cire gaba daya daga hive. Da safe duk bude brood da aka saka da baya, ƙara sakar zuma da kuma sa wasu famfo-rami kama barci a kan wadannan kwari.

Bees, ya dawo zuwa ƙasarsa ta hive, zuma ba su sãmi shi da kuma fara zuwa replenish hannun jari. Saboda rufaffiyar brood zai ba kawai bude, da kwari za a tsunduma a namo larvae. A sakamakon haka, da swarming tsaya a nan ba.

Demari hanyar

Wannan hanya da ake rubutu da swarming ƙudan zuma ƙirƙira Amirka beekeeper Demari. Used biyu-hulled amya da kuma fadada lokaci Ramin. A sakamakon haka, ya zauna cikin mahaifa aka tsaya kwai samarwa saboda rashin sarari a kan Kwayoyin, da kuma ta aiki sarrafawa da saitin ƙananan gidaje na rabuwa grating.

A Hanyar Demari yana 3 zabin kamar yadda ya fadada da gida a cikin wani twin-hive:

1. Da farko wani zaɓi - a bar a cikin ƙananan frame daya frame tare da ya zauna cikin mahaifa, a cikin bude brood da kuma duk sauran brood koma cikin sama da gidaje. Sa'an nan kuma, tashar wutar lantarki divider kafa. Wurin zama vacated a cikin hive, cike da shirye-sanya Frames da saƙar zuma Kwayoyin.
2. The biyu hanyar hana swarming ƙudan zuma - rabuwa da mahaifa da kuma matasa ƙudan zuma. All majiya karfi koma zuwa wani gini, da sarauniya kudan ya zauna a cikin komai Kwayoyin.
3. The uku wani zaɓi - ya zauna cikin mahaifa ke dauka kawai bugawa brood da kuma bude brood da ƙudan zuma ne. A sakamakon haka, matasa ƙudan zuma da yawa aiki a kan brood rearing da swarming ba ya faruwa.

Hanyar MA Dernova

Wadannan hanyoyin iya taimaka, idan kana so ka kauce wa wani taro na fitarwa Sa'ad da Sarauniyar Kwayoyin an riga an aza:

1. A tsari na farko. Tashi ƙudan zuma suna transplanted cikin wani komai hive, wanda ya sa a wuri mai swarming iyali. Gaba na mai zuwa iyali swarming kuma kwantar da Sarauniyar Kwayoyin sa an komai hive. Babban hive jũya juye. Lokacin da tashi kwari da baya a cikin komai sabon hive, ga ƙudan zuma, da sauran zauna cikin mahaifa fara don halakar da sarauniya Kwayoyin. Lokacin da swarming tsaya a nan ba, ya jũya bãya ga hive, kamar yadda a gabãnin haka, kuma an kwashe komai. Tashi kudan zuma ana mayar da su zuwa cikin mahaifa.
2. Na biyu Hanyar. A tsohon sarauniya aka kama da kuma hallaka, ko idan ya zauna cikin mahaifa ne mai kyau, ba layering. Hagu daya bugu da giya, da kuma sauran suna yanka. A cikin kwanaki 5 da sabon rajistan shiga bugu sarauniya Kwayoyin, wanda aka nĩsantar ne. Bees taro so ba, da kuma kawo wani sabon sarauniya kudan zuma.

Witwicki hanyar

Wannan hanya ƙirƙira beekeeper N. M. Vitvitsky. Yana da quite sauki, amma sosai tasiri.

Don faru swarming ƙudan zuma, da su caje aiki. Domin wannan Ramin ne zuwa kashi biyu halves ta wajen kari da komai a sakar zuma da saƙar zuma. Kwari nan da nan ya fara cika a cikin komai a fili, domin sake gina da sakar zuma, ajiye tuna da swarming.