Bestuzhev-Marly: biography da kuma hoto

Bestuzhev-Marly ne daya daga cikin mafi shahararren wakilan da Romantic motsi a cikin Soviet wallafe-wallafe. Littafan, kasidu, kuma m articles sun Popular a lokaci daya, kuma kowane fitarwa aikinsa ya da wani taron a wallafe-wallafen rayuwa na kasar mu. Haka kuma an sani a matsayin memba na Decembrist tawaye da kuma matsayin aboki na Pushkin.

Wasu facts na rayuwa

Bestuzhev-Marly, wanda biography ne ban sha'awa mana, an haife shi a 1797 a cikin wani matalauta amma daraja daraja iyali. Mahaifinsa ya kuma hade da adabi, da aka hannu a wallafe-wallafe, uwarsa zo daga tsakiyar aji-muhalli. Su dan da aka horar a Mining yar jam'iyyar kadet Corps, amma, ba su gama da shakka, shigar da sabis. Ya kasance adjutant a kula posts hanyoyi, sa'an nan dauke shi aikin soja. Ya rajimanti aka sa a Peterhof a garin Marly (title wanda ya baya ya dauki wani marubuci ta pseudonym). A wannan lokaci, farkon ya wallafe-wallafen aiki.

A farko ayyukansu

Bestuzhev-Marly ya mai bin Romantic motsi, wanda siffofin bayyana a cikin farkon ayyuka "Roman kuma Olga", "Revel gasar" da sauransu. Ya yi aiki kafada da kafada da manyan mujallu na lokaci, da kuma daga baya, tare da sauran masu kasida Ryleev wallafa da kansa anthology "iyakacin duniya Star", a kan wanda shafukan da post da m articles kishin tunani a kan zamani adabi da kuma ayyukan da suka wuce. Tunaninsa ya kuma ra'ayoyin duk lokacin da tsokani m muhawara a wallafe-wallafen da'ira, kamar yadda a cikin shekaru kawai sun tattaunawa game da abin da shugabanci ya kamata wajen samar da m shayari kuma litattafan.

wallafe-wallafen views

Bestuzhev-Marly yamar classicism, jayayya da cewa wannan Trend ne riga daga ranar. A lokaci guda, ya yi kira ga yabo na romanticism a wallafe-wallafe. A marubuci ya a fan of kasida kamar Shakespeare, Schiller, da kuma musamman, Byron. Ya bayar da hujjar cewa ka'idojin kafa ta wurin waɗannan marubuta, ya zama tushen ci gaban da kasa wallafe-wallafe. A mawãƙi kansa fĩfĩta su zana mutane da karfi, m haruffa, tare da karfi da sha'awa, m da yanayi. A waɗannan shekaru, shi ne ainihin wani sabon kalma a cikin adabi da kuma zargi. Known publicist, Belinsky sosai sosai da labarin ta marubucin.

Saka hannu cikin Decembrist motsi

Bestuzhev-Marly shiga "Free Society of Lovers of Rasha Wallafe-wallafe", inda ya kasance a yau da kullum memba. A daidai wannan lokaci, ya kasance da wani memba na Decembrists al'umma da kuma ko da suka sashi a cikin abubuwan da suka faru a majalisar dattijai Square. Ya jagoranci sojojin na Moscow rajimanti, amma bayan da shan kashi na jawabin aikin mika wuya ga hukuma. Domin hannu a cikin yunkurin, ya aka demoted da kuma yanke masa hukuncin shekaru ashirin da 'naƙudarta, baza a raga masu zuwa gudun hijira a Siberia. Ya aka aika zuwa Yakutsk, inda ya fara nazarin gida mutane rayuwa da al'adu. Daga bisani, bisa ga lura, ya rubuta jerin articles game da rayuwa a wannan yankin.

a cikin Caucasus

Alexander Bestuzhev-Marly wasu lokaci daga baya ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga soja da dama yawan shekaru. Da ya tafi ya bauta wa a cikin Caucasus, inda ya halarci fadace-fadace da tuddai, da nuna jaruntaka da kuma jin tsoro, wanda ya sa aka bayar da. Wannan lokaci ne mai muhimmanci a cikin tarihin aikin da cewa shi ne a nan cewa ya halitta ya fi shahara ayyukansu.

Created Bestuzhev- Marlinsky gubar, ya zama wani muhimmin taron a cikin tarihi na cikin gida da adabi Romantic lokaci. A mafi daukan hankali rubuce-rubucen hada da "Lieutenant Belozor", "Ammalat roƙa" da sauransu. Su peculiarity shi ne cewa su kawo marubuci dukan sabon irin gwarzo: wani mutum daga m, tare da karfi ji da kuma halin. Ya haruffa kai da bugu na Byronic romanticism. A wannan hanya da suke jawo hankalin da Sahaban, domin kowane sabon labari marubucin don sa ido. Bestuzhev da aka kashe a 1837 a cikin yaƙin, jikinsa da aka taba samu.

labarin

Bestuzhev-Marly, short labarai wanda abun ciki da aka bayyana bugu na romanticism, da hankali ne kõma zuwa ga image na da karfi mutane da m Kasadar. An misali ne littafinsa, "Neuhaus Castle," wanda shi ne duqufar zuwa kwatanta aminci tsakanin biyu makiya: da jarumi na Novgorod da jarumin da waɗanda suke idan mun kasance maƙiya a fagen yaƙi, har yanzu mutunta juna. Wannan dabara ya kullum halayyar romantic ayyukansu. A bayanin wannan aiki da shi da aka yin fim a cikin Soviet lokaci, wanda ya nuna cewa marubuci ayyukan har yanzu suna rare.

Da abota da Pushkin

Creativity Bestuzhev-Marly kamata a yi la'akari a cikin mahallin na zamanin lokacin da babban tasiri yana da tasirinsa na Romanticism, shiga cikin kasar mu daga yammacin Turai kasashe. A wannan hasashe, da marubuci ya zama abokai tare da Pushkin, wanda a farkon lokacin aikinsa ma biya haraji ga wannan yanki. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa marubuci yarda da aka buga romantic waqe na Alexander a Almanac, kazalika da excerpts daga waka "The fursuna na Caucasus", "Gypsies". A karshe samfurin Bestuzhev mai daraja musamman sosai. Ba da da ewa, duk da haka, Pushkin fara haifar da idon basira samfurin cewa ya gana da bukatun ilimi da'irori, da kuma karatu jama'a. Bestuzhev zauna shigeba, na romanticism. Duk da haka, duka biyu da mawãƙi don kula da dangantakar abokantaka. Su kai a kai musayar haruffa. An sani cewa Pushkin aka sosai sosai mai daraja Marly labarin, wasu daga cikinsu ma sun yi wani tasiri (misali, labarin "Blizzard").

darajar halittarsa

Bestuzhev ayyukan da babban tasiri a kan zamani wallafe-wallafe. A wannan lokaci, a can ya kasance a miƙa mulki daga classicism zuwa romanticism. Saboda haka, masu ilimi da da'irori na lokaci nuna wani fatan sha'awa a aikinsa. Bisa ga Sahaban, da labarin Marly bude wani sabon mataki a cikin ci gaban kasa wallafe-wallafe. Amma sosai da ewa ba za mu fara barin ayyukan idon basira yanayi. Shi ne, na farko, da labarin na Pushkin, kuma litattafan Gogol, wanda watsi romanticism da kuma mayar da su cikin idon basira hoton na rayuwa.

Ayyukansu alama wani sabon Trend in litattafan, a lokacin da marubuta suka fara bayyana rayuwa kamar yadda yake. Kan bango na wadannan ayyuka Bestuzhev-Marly ayyukan da aka rasa da kuma bayan wani lokaci da aka manta. Duk da haka, aikinsa ya zama sananne taron a Rasha wallafe-wallafe. Aikinsa na da wani tasiri a kan Lermontov (a kan labari "A Hero of Our Lokaci", da kuma musamman a cikin wasannin kwaikwayo na marubuci).