Brief biography Maclay NN

Maclay - wanda shi ne shi? Duk da shahararsa ta wannan mutum, da tambaya har yanzu ya kasance da dacewa, kuma za a iya samu a da yawa forums masu amfani da suke neman bayanai game da shi. Dole ne in ce, biography Maclay ba kawai ya gaya labarin wani mutum sabo ne rayuwa, da kuma na kama da ba ya bari tafi har karshe dinka. Ba abin mamaki da ya shahara matafiyi ya sau da yawa da bako na sarki ta iyali, wanda ya gaya mai ban sha'awa labarin game da Papuans.

Biography Maclay ga yara da kuma manya

Nikolai Maclay aka haife shi a karamin kauye na ilimin harsuna, abin da yake a cikin Novgorod lardin. Kwanan wata na haihuwa - Yuni 17, 1846. Next zo da wani matafiyi daga mai daraja iyali. Nikolai mahaifina shi ne wani jirgin m, sabili da haka da iyali sau da yawa yana da don matsawa daga wuri zuwa wuri. Biography Maclay daga farkon shekarun tattaunawa game da tafiyarka ta Rasha yankuna. A 1856 mahaifinsa aka nada a matsayin shugaban da daukaka na Vyborg babbar hanya da kuma duk da tarin fuka, ya tafi aiki. Load karshe rurrushe kiwon lafiya na shugaban iyali, kuma ya mutu yana da shekaru 41 da shekaru.

The iyali zauna tanadi da aka kashe a equities, don haka da yara ba su bar ba tare da ilimi. Bugu da kari, mahaifiyar Nicholas tsunduma a jawo maps cewa kawo ƙarin albashi. Biography Maclay ce ilminsa tsunduma malamai suka aka kira su zuwa cikin gidan. Daya daga cikinsu ma ya bude yaron ta basira domin jawo.

Biography Maclay: Gymnasium

A 1856, Nikolai da ɗan'uwansa Sergei tafi makaranta, a Grade 3. Ba da da ewa, duk da haka, ya rinjayi uwarsa fassara su a cikin dakin motsa jiki breech. Excellent da koyo da yaron bai haskaka, kuma sau da yawa ba wasa truant. Ko da a cikin 5th sa, ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa wani mu'ujiza. A shekaru 15, ya dauki bangare a cikin zanga-zanga tare da abokai da ɗan'uwansa, gama shi a ƙarshe. Brothers aka saki 'yan kwanaki baya, ambatawa wani kuskure a lokacin da ake tsare.

jami'a

A makarantar sakandare Maclay ya kasance har sai 1863, bayan da ya yanke shawarar shigar da Academy of Fine Arts, to wanda wani mummunan dauki uwar Nicholas. A sakamakon haka, ya kasance mai sa kai a Moscow University of Physics da lissafi Faculty. Nicholas aniya karatu, biya musamman da hankali ga kimiyyar yanayin halitta.

A shekara daga baya Maclay aka fitar daga jami'a. Dalilin shi da take hakkin dokokin - Nicholas kokarin rike ginin abõkinsa. Kamar yadda ya bayyana bayan da matafiyi da kansa, ya aka haramta karatu a kowane Rasha jami'a.

Jamus

Bayan da laifi Nicholas ya sami wani sabon wuri na nazari kasashen waje. A zabi fadi a kan Jamus, inda hukumomi ke ba da ake bukata takardun a kan ilimi. The iyali yana da wani wuya kudi halin da ake ciki, amma mahaifiyata ta sa dukan ƙarfinsa, da kuma a cikin bazara na 1864 matasa Maclay je Jamus.

The University of Heidelberg aka hannu a wani saurayi tawaye fatattaki Dogayen sanda. Nicholas ya tsaya a kan su gefe, har ma da kokarin koyi da Polish da harshen, wanda saɓa wa mahaifiyarsa, da suka ga a cikin ɗan wata talented m. A lokacin rani na shekara ta gaba Maclay koma Leipzig, inda ya fara koya don sarrafa a cikin aikin noma da kuma da gandunan daji. A nan sai ya ciyar da gaba 4 shekaru na rayuwata da kuma mayar da su Jena, shiga cikin baiwa da magani.

Canary Islands

A cikin bazara na 1866 Maclay tafi a kan wani balaguro zuwa Sicily, wanda aka kira su zuwa ga Haeckal - kimiyya darektan. Its manufarsa shine don nazarin Rum fauna. Duk da haka, da balaguro aka kusan lalace ta da yaƙi. Matafiya da su canja hanya, wanda ya gudu ta hanyar da Ingila ne yanzu. Af, akwai Nicholas ya sami damar sadarwa tare da ta Darwin kansa. A karshen aya da aka tsibirin Tenerife. The yan unguwa suka yi mamaki baƙi, shan su domin masihirta. Bayan wannan balaguro kai Morocco inda Maclay zauna to watch da Berbers.

Ya koma zuwa Jena kawai a marigayi spring 1867. Ya ci gaba da yi da aikinsu na mataimakin Haeckal da kuma fito da farko kimiyya aiki, a karkashin abin da aka sa hannu a matsayin "Maclay". Photos of wani matashi mai tafiya ta fara bayyana a cikin manyan takardunku. Next shekara, ga shi kuwa, da karshe a Faculty of Medicine. Nicholas fara rayayye gudanar da wani bincike a fannin kimiyya.

Expeditions

Maclay yunkurin zuwa ga na iyakacin duniya balaguro, amma bai samu zuwa ba. Saboda haka, sabon zo a Sicily, inda samu zuwa Bahar Maliya da kuma karatu ta fauna. Sa'an nan kuma akwai wata tafiya zuwa Misira da kuma da yawa na gudanar da bincike aikin. A 1869, matafiyin ya kõmo zuwa gidansa a Rasha.

Abu na farko da ya yi shi ne in ga iyãlinsa, sa'an nan wanda ya rayu a Saratov. Sa'an nan, ya halarci dama kimiyya taro da aka hada a Rasha Geographic Society. Na sanya wani binciken da Pacific aikin, wanda aka zarar amince.

A cikin fall na 1870 ya fara da balaguro a jirgin "Vityaz". Ya ziyarci Brazil da kuma wasu sauran wurare. By fall na 1871, da ya kai bakin tekun na New Guinea, inda baƙi an gaishe firgita da ke yankin. Ya zauna a wani karamin bukka da kuma fara yin lamba tare da mazauni. A karo na farko, su ne wary na likita, amma ta 1872 ya fara yarda da shi a matsayin aboki. Da waɗansu alãmõmi Maclay mai suna a cikin girmamawa.

A marigayi Disamba, Nicholas bar New Guinea Coast da kuma ya tafi zuwa Hong Kong, inda ya jira gama ɗaukakar da bincike. Wasu lokaci tattaki zuwa Batavia, da kuma a farkon 1874 ya yanke shawarar sake ziyartar Guinea. Wannan lokaci ya tsaya a Ambon kuma suka yi jihãdi da gida bawa yan kasuwa.

A cikin uku kuma na karshe lokacin da matafiyi zai koma ga "ya" Tsibirin a 1883. By lokacin da yawa daga cikin abokansa, da mazauni sun mutu, a cikin hanyar ga mutuwar sun daban-daban cututtuka.

Aure da mutuwa

A karshen Fabrairu 1884 Maclay aure to Margaret Clark, da kuma a cikin fall su da wani ɗa. A 1886, matafiyin koma zuwa Rasha, inda yake shirin shirya wani mallaka a kan tekun na Guinea. Duk da haka, Nikolai Nikolaevich nufi an halaka su da cuta - da ciwon daji, kamar yadda shi dai itace daga baya. Da kiwon lafiya tsanani rincabewa a 1887, da kuma a farkon Afrilu 1888 sanannen mai bincike ya rasu.