Culture of Ukraine - da ci gaba da kuma tarihi

Multi-faceted da hadadden tsarin da asalin mutane da al'adun da ake kullum jawo hankalin masu bincike daban-daban a shekara. A ƙarni-tsohon tarihi na Ukrainian al'umma ya yarda ya haifar da nasu al'adun da kuma yin wani muhimmin taimako ga duniya al'ada.

Origins. Trypillian al'ada

History of Culture of Ukraine Dates baya ga 4th Millennium BC. e. Sai a wannan lokaci masana kimiyya miƙa yawan Tripoli al'adu. A farko mazaunan Ukrainian ƙasashe sun manoma da makiyayan. Sun yi aiki cikin ƙasa, girma dabbõbi da aka tsunduma a daban-daban da sana'o'i.

Tripoltsy zauna a fairly manyan birane, da yawan wanda amounted zuwa game da 10 dubu. Mazauna. Suka bauta wa gumakansu, suka your kalanda, a kai a kai ya lura da motsi na wani sarari suKe jikinsu.

Ukraine tsakanin haihuwa da kuma sabon zamanin

Cimmerians zaune cikin ƙasa na zamani Ukraine a 9-7 ƙarni. BC Wannan nomadic kabilar ba su da wata ɓullo da al'adu, da barin baya da dama da masu tuni. Tukwane da kuma jan articles Cimmerian, kiyaye to mu kwana, abin mamaki subtlety da kuma ladabi karewa aiki ko da gogaggen connoisseurs.

Culture of Ukraine ya samu wani iko da samar da kuzari a heyday na Scythian jihar. Mutane da yawa ayyukan art da kuma abubuwa na rayuwar yau da kullum, archaeologists samu a lokacin tono na Scythian binne mounds. A flowering Scythian ikon lissafinsu 4 BC. e. Daga bisani, Scythian ikon nasara da kuma assimilated Sarmatians. Monuments na Culture of Ukraine a lokacin ne tukwane, kayan ado da aka yi da tamani karafa, da makamai. Alamu sun zoomorphic hali - Scythians aka sauko daga wani iri-iri na real da yanci dabbobi. Daga cikin halittu aka girmama dawakai, awaki, deer har ma da griffins.

Scythians da Sarmatians da m cinikayya da kuma al'adu dangantaka tare da Greek birni cewa wadãta a kan bankunan na Black Sea. Shi ne daga Greek rubuta kafofin Sahaban samu bayanai game da al'adun al'ummai waɗanda suke sau praukrainskih. Greek birane sun ki a farkon 5th karni BC. e, a lõkacin da ta fara gina wani sabon Slavic jihar -. Kievan Rus.

Culture of Kievan Rus

A farkon 1st Millennium fara fito fili wayewar gabashin Slavs. Kananan kabilu sõyayya a kwadago, akwai garuruwa da kufaifan. Ubanninmu san sarai yanayin ƙasarsa, sujada ga gumakansu. Ko kafin tallafi na Kiristanci gine da aka ci gaba da Slavs, shi ya ba Written harshen da wani sa na imani cewa ya bayyana asalin da abubuwa da na halitta mamaki.

Kievan Rus wanzu a 9-13 ƙarni. Da al'adun da mutane na Ukraine ya sami asali ta asalin ne a cikin al'adunmu na wannan babban jihar. Tare da Kiristanci ya zo da waɗannan ƙasashe rubutu, farfado cinikayya da kuma al'adu da hulda da wasu kasashe. Culture of Ukraine zamanin Kievan Rus aka sani a gare mu ta hanyar da adabi na lokaci, wani m misali da haikalin da kuma wadanda mutane gine-gine, iconography da na baka labarin baki. By lokacin Kievan Rus nasa Cathedral of St. Sophia a Kiev -. A misali mai kyau na zamanin d Ukrainian gine.

Constant mamayar makiyaya da kuma jini jayayya juya kasar cikin babban yawa kananan mulkoki. Saboda haka Kievan Rus daina wanzuwa.

Culture of Ukraine a 14-17 ƙarni

Mafi yawa daga cikin ƙasa na zamani Ukraine a 14th karni ya zama wani ɓangare na Duchy na Lithuania. A al'adun gargajiya na Rasha ya ba da samar da kuzari ga samuwar ilimi da kuma al'adu matakai a cikin Lithuanian sarauta.

A farko littafin printer a Ukraine ya zama wani Bulgarian Ivan Fedorov. Bayan ƙware da typographic harka a Moscow, a 1566 ya zo ne domin Ukraine, inda ya kafa na farko bugu tura a Zabludovo. A lokacin wadannan shekaru, ya buga na farko Ukrainian littattafai - "Abetka" da "koyar da bishara." Daga baya, wani reshe a kurkuku da aka bude. Ya zama shahararren ga cewa an buga shi "Ostrog Littafi Mai Tsarki".

A wannan lokacin, tuba Ukrainian gine. Da gine-gine da kuma gidãjen bace tsaro abubuwa, kwa'di suna samun mafi dadi da faɗi. Mayar da tsohon gine-gine, da itacen yana maye gurbinsu da dutse.

M canje-canje sun faru in Ukrainian iconography. Ukrainian icon yakan mallaki kansa recognizable fasali, da hotunan ne dumi da kuma m. Akwai karin gida da kuma Genre scenes a zanen.

Ilimi a Ukraine

A ci gaba na al'adu a Ukraine bayan rushewar Grand Duchy na Lithuania ragae down. Wannan shi ne saboda da cewa mafi yawan daga cikin Ukrainian ƙasashe ya zama wani ɓangare na Commonwealth. Ukrainian al'adu da kuma Orthodox Church zo matsin lamba daga Yaren mutanen Poland hukumomi. A wannan lokacin, akwai wani musamman wallafe-wallafen Genre - polemical adabi, a cikin abin da Ukrainian mawallafa kare su kasa da kasa da addini amincin. Kara matakin ilimi, babban yawan makarantu da kuma tauhidin cibiyoyin, da kuma a 1701 akwai wani Kiev-Mohyla Academy - na farko mafi girma ilimi ma'aikata na Eastern Slavs.

Ukrainian Baroque

A impetus ga kara raya na Ukrainian al'umma ya zama na kasa da juyin juya halin a 1648-1676, bi da bi. Culture of Ukraine na 18th karni ne halin da ya faru na wani musamman m style, da aka sani da "Ukrainian Baroque". Ma'adanin na wannan Trend ne halin da aiwatar, a penchant ga Misalin da ƙawa da theatricality gaskiya.

Ukrainian al'adu na 18th karni

Ukrainian gine-gine da Monuments na al'ada ba manufar wannan musamman style cewa nasarar shiga Turai style tare da hadisai na zamanin d Rasha gine. Excellent misalai na Ukrainian Baroque gine ne St. Basil Cathedral a Kharkov, kuma St. George ta Church Vydubychi sufi a Kiev.

Zane-zane na 18th karni nuna da duniya Trend na Baroque style - kowanne kofa gilding da hadaddun na ginin jumla abun da ke ciki. Wannan Trend ya kuma shafi iconography. Hotunan gani gabatarwar Ukrainian kabilanci irin ikoniziruyutsya da kuma tarihi Figures. A Kiev-Pechersk Lavra icon zanen makaranta bude.

A ci gaba na al'adu a Ukraine ba za a iya tunanin ba tare da wallafe-wallafen Masterpieces na lokaci. A cikin wallafe-wallafe, akwai sabon yayi: kamar yadda tsayayya wa Rashin addini adabi ne wadanda mutane ayyukan daban-daban nau'o'i - satire, epigram, shayari da sauransu. By wannan lokaci shi ya hada da shahararrun "Eneida" Kotlyarevskogo Ode H.Skovoroda da kuma kimiyya ayyuka da F. Prokopovich.

Rungumar, zamu iya cewa da al'adun Ukraine a 17-18 karni, sami wani biyu iska da kuma fara koya da kuma ci gaba sabon kwatance a art, zanen da wallafe-wallafe.