Da kwato Minsk a shekarar 1944 daga farkisanci invaders

Daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci matakai na soja aiki da za'ayi a Belarus a shekarar 1944, ya kwata 'yanci na Minsk daga Nazi invaders. Its manufa ba kawai yanayi, amma kuma da cikakken halakar da most kungiyoyin na Wehrmacht, located a yankin. Bugu da kari, da Red Army da da aiki da sauri share abokan gaba daga cikin babban birnin kasar na Belarus. Wannan girma ya faru Yuli 3, 1944. A yau Belarus ne ba kawai da ranar samun 'yanci na Minsk, babban birnin jihar, amma kuma na kasa hutu - Independence Day.

A halin da ake ciki kafin aiki

A shekarar 1944, uku nasara soja na musamman ayyukan da aka gudanar - Mogilev, Vitebsk, Orsha da Bobruisk, wanda a cikin sa ɓangare na 4th da 9th Runduna na zuwa Jamus kungiyar "Center" ya juya ga a kusan kewaye da Soviet sadarwa. Hitler umurnin da taimakon dakarun redeployed sabo ne sojojin, wanda ya hada da 4th, 5th da kuma 12th Panzer Division.

A hankali, da zobe kusa da Jamus nutse, da kuma dogon-jiran kwata 'yanci na Minsk ne kawai a kusa da kusurwar. By ƙarshen rana a kan Yuni 28, I. D. Chernyahovsky, teams sau da yawa 3rd Belorussian Front, ya zo da Berezina River, game da shi rufe da abokan gaba daga arewa. Bi da bi, I. H. Bagramyan tare da sojojin na 1st Baltic kulla fadace-fadace a Polotsk gundumar. A lokaci guda G. F. Zaharov tare da sojojin na 2nd Belarushiyanci Front ta doke abokan gaba a wajen gabas, da kuma KKRokossovsky tare da sojojinsa - daga kudu, bayan da ya kasa isa ga line Osipovichi - Svisloch - Kopatkevichi ko sama da a kan da Pripyat River. Wasu m mahadi sun riga ɗari. Kilomita daga babban birnin kasar na jumhuriya.

shirin umurni

A Soviet umurnin gane cewa kana da yin aiki tukuru don tabbatar da cewa da kwato Minsk a shekarar 1944 ya zama gaskiya. Saboda haka, a kan Yuni 28 kafa wata manufa kudi na Red Army - kewaye da kuma kawar da babban farkisanci ra'ayoyi. Don yin wannan, ya shirya sojojin na 1st da 3rd Belorussian fronts ji ciwo, kawar da naushe a Jamus sojojin suka yi nisa daga cikin gari. A daidai wannan lokaci shi na samar da karin gaba wajen yamma sadarwa 2nd Byelorussian. A sakamakon haka, sojojin a kan dukkan fronts da hannu a cikin aiki sun kewaye na farko, sa'an nan kuma hallaka dukan makiya Minsk kungiyar.

A daidai wannan lokaci da Red Army da, ba tare da tsayawa, to matsawa steadily zuwa yamma, game da shi, ƙuntata da sojojin abokan gaba da kuma bada su gama da Minsk kungiyar. Irin wannan Soviet gefen ayyuka don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau ga m hari a kan Kaunas, Siauliai da Warsaw yankunan.

Actions 3rd Belarushiyanci

Yuni 28 Koli umurnin da aka bayyana ta da wani tsari game da gaban wanda ya ga nan da nan haye kogin Berezina, sa'an nan za a fara wani m gaba a biyu kwatance - zuwa babban birnin kasar na Belarus da kuma Molodechno. Babban duka aka nufin da kwato Minsk daga Nazi invaders ya sa sojojin 31 th, 5 ga watan da kuma 11 ga watan Army da 2nd Tank Corps.

Kashegari, da ci-gaba detachment na Red Army gudanar ya kama da dama bridgeheads a kan Berezina River da kuma yin karan makiya shingen, motsa a cikin wani nisa na 5, da kuma a wasu wurare, da kuma 10 km. Duk da haka, da fuskantar da m juriya na Jamus, Soviet sojojin da aka hannu a yaki mai tsanani. Yana da wannan dalili da cewa da yamma a 29 ga watan Yuni, Red Army da kawai haye kogi.

A lokaci guda sojojin na 5th Army a karkashin umurnin Krylov ke ba tsayawa haye Berezina, kuma Ya ƙarfafã a kan rairayin bakin teku, kai 'yan bridgeheads. Ya kamata a lura da cewa gabatarwa na Red Army, babban manufar wanda ya kwata 'yanci na Minsk, da gudummawar da yawa yaƙin raka'a zuwa babban har. Suna ba kawai ya nuna mafi m, kuma mafi guntu hanya guje, ta hanyar gandun daji da kuma marshland, amma kuma taimaka wajen rufe da sãshinansu da bãyayyakinsu na soja convoys da kuma kula da kariyar crossings.

m adawa

Da kwato Minsk (1944) aka tare da wani musamman m juriya daga Jamus gefen. Yana da ya hana m gaba na 11th Army a karkashin umurnin da Bagalike. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa Soviet sojojin a Krupki gundumar - Holopenichi aka tilasta shiga cikin wani yaki ga dukan yini. Ga Red kange 5th Panzer, da kuma ragowar na 95th kuma 14th rarrabuwa. Dalilin da farkisanci umurnin su hana nasara na Soviet sojoji zuwa Borisov ne mai karfi da batu na Jamus a kan Berezina kogin da kuma rufe hanyar zuwa Belarushiyanci babban birnin kasar.

Bi da bi, da Soviet 5th Panzer Army jagoranci m tare karauka zuwa Minsk. Bayan da ta zo wurin Berezina River a gefen arewa na Borisov. Ya kamata a lura da cewa concerted mataki na motocin dakon karkashin umurnin Rotmistrov, da kuma tasiri m 2nd Tatsinskiy jiki yarda da sojojin na 31st Army a rana daya gaba zuwa 40 km kuma je dabbar beaver River kawai kudu na kauye Krupki.

A tsallaka na Berezina River

Ba da isasshen amincewa Soviet gaba da Belarushiyanci babban birnin kasar, ya yiwu tare da wani babban mataki na amincewa da cewa da kwato Minsk a shekarar 1944, ya kusan kaddara. 30 ga watan Yuni da babban sojojin na Red Army kai Berezina River da kuma ketare shi. 5th Army fadada qafafunku ya tafi zurfi a cikin Jamus tsaro a nesa na 15 km, kuma 3rd Mechanized Corps, kusan hallaka abokan gaba na baya kuma ya dauki Pleshchenitsy, ta haka ne da An katange hanya Borisov - Vileyka. A sakamakon wadannan ayyuka, Soviet sojojin halitta mai tsanani barazana ga daya daga cikin sãshinansu da kuma raya na maƙiyi Borisov ra'ayoyi.

Make kowane kokarin, 11th Guards Army har yanzu fairly da sauri m makiya juriya, ya zo da Berezina, kuma a karshe ya iya tilasta wa kogi. A wannan lokacin, Soviet ƙungiyoyin bypassed da Jamus daga hagu flank da kuma mayar da su Borisov. A sakamakon haka, a kudu-gabas da birnin fara wani yaki. A daidai wannan lokaci da motocin dakon Rotmistrov tafi a kan hari gabashin Borisov.

A feat na Soviet tank

The aiki, wanda kololuwar burin da aka 'yantar da Minsk daga Nazis bukaci kusan taro heroism a kan wani ɓangare na Soviet sojojin. Tun 30 ga watan Yuni, wani tanki mutanena su ka Paul Cancer kunshi hudu motoci, da aka yi umurni da karya a cikin Borisov da kuma a halin kaka rike a matsayin dogon matsayin birnin, ba ta shiga babban sojojin na 3rd Mechanized Corps. Daga cikin dukkan aikin da ma'aikatan jirgin yi wani kwamandan ta T-34. Biyu da na uku tankuna Yunaev da Kuznetsov buga daga baya, wani mota a kan wuta a kan wata gada a kan wani kogi Berezin, sa'ilin ƙeƙasar Jamusawa wannan mararraba. All na Red Army sun kashe sojojin.

Fiye da 12 hours da ƙungiya daga VP na Cancer, wanda hada da wani rediyo sadarwarka-sojan igwa A. Danilov da kuma wani direban A. Petryaev, kiyaye fafitikar. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa hutu na Soviet motocin yaki ya sa wani tsoro a cikin makiya sansanin, kuma sun fi mayar da gudummawar da farkon saki Borisov. Heroes sun, har kwanan nan, a lokacin da cire su Jamusawa aika da dama hari da bindigogi da kuma tankuna. Crew P. Cancer mutu a jaruntakar mutuwa. Daga baya, sun aka bayar da mafi soja daraja na Hero na Tarayyar Soviet. Wadanda jarumi mutane a cikin babban zamanin ya mai yawa. Domin kwata 'yanci na Minsk da kuma sauran birane ba da rayukansu don mafi kyau da' ya'ya maza na Fatherland. Shi ne mai gaske taro heroism.

m gabatarwa

A Jamus umurnin ya iya shirya a kan hanyoyin Borisov wasu kyawawan karfi counter-haren, amma sun kusan yi wani tasiri ko da yake gabatarwar da yaƙi na Jamus Air Force. Maƙiyi jirage tashi a kungiyoyin na 18 motocin, kokarin dakatar da Soviet sojojin haye Berezina. Amma Soviet hari jirage da kuma kai harin daidai da iko naushe da makiya, da su kansu farmaki cunkoso Nazi kayan kusa Borisov.

A sakamakon fadan ranar 1 Yuli, Red Army haye Berezina River da kuma ci birnin. Borisov ra'ayoyi na Wehrmacht aka ci. Wannan hujja ne a mataki kusa da kwato Minsk daga Nazi invaders. Duk da haka, kwanaki biyu bukatar Soviet sojojin domin gudanar da wannan aiki.

Komawar Belarushiyanci babban birnin kasar

A dare, Yuli 3, da gaban kwamandan umurni da kwato Minsk Chernyakhovsky 31st Army, da 2nd Mechanized Corps da kuma jera Panzer Army a karkashin umurnin Rotmistrov. Tun da sassafe samu a cikin wani yaki a kan gabashin da kuma arewacin karkata birnin, kuma ta 7.30 Soviet sojojin nasarar kai ta cibiyar. Biyu sa'o'i daga baya, babban birnin kasar Belarus, aka barrantar da Nazi sojojin haya.

1944 - shekara na kwata 'yanci na Minsk - ya gaske nasara Red Army. Uku m, mazauna dilapidated, kuma anã izgili da birnin jira ranar da Soviet sojojin karshe shigar da 'yantar da su daga Nazi karkiya. Kuma suka har yanzu jira ya tsaya tare da girmamawa a cikin wannan unequal yaki!