Drive mita: description da kuma sake dubawa

mita drive tsari damar yin amfani da wani musamman Converter zuwa flexibly canza aiki halaye na motor: sa shi a fara, a daina, hanzari, braking, canza gudun juyawa.

Canza mita na samar da irin ƙarfin lantarki take kaiwa zuwa wani canji a cikin kusurwa gudu daga Magnetic filin na stator. Lokacin da mita rage-rage, da engine gudun rage-rage, da kuma zamewa ƙaruwa.

Ka'idar aiki na mita Converter drive

Babban drawback ne haduwar asynchronous Motors gudun tsari na al'ada hanyoyin: canza wadata irin ƙarfin lantarki da kuma bullo da ƙarin windings a kewaye resistances. More nagartaccen ne drive mita na mota. Har kwanan nan, da converters pricey, amma bayyanar IGBT-transistors da microprocessor kula da tsarin ya yarda waje masana'antun don ƙirƙirar araha kudin da na'urar. A mafi samuwa a yau ne a tsaye mita converters.

A kusurwa gudu daga stator Magnetic filin ω ₀ canje-canje a gwargwado ga mita ƒ ₁ bisa ga dabara:

ω ₀ = 2π × ƒ ₁ / p,

inda p - yawan iyakacin duniya nau'i-nau'i.

A Hanyar azurta smoother gudun iko. A wannan gudun da mota zamewa ba karu.

Don samun babban iko wasan kwaikwayon na engine - da ya dace, ikon factor da lokaci obalodi iyawa, tare da mita na canza irin ƙarfin lantarki dogara tabbatar da dalilin:

• m kaya karfin juyi - U ₁ / ƒ ₁ = const.
• Fan hali kaya karfin juyi - U ₁ / ƒ _{Fabrairu ¹} = const.
• load karfin juyi ne inversely na gwargwado ga gudun - U ₁ / √ ƒ ₁ = const.

Wadannan ayyuka da ake aiwatar via da transducer yayin canza mita da kuma irin ƙarfin lantarki ga mota stator. Kare ikon da iko via da zama dole aiwatar sigogi: matsa lamba famfo, fan iya aiki, da abinci kudi na na'ura, da dai sauransu A sigogi bambanta smoothly ..

Hanyoyin da mita iko da shigar da kuma synchronous Motors

A mita sarrafawa tafiyarwa a kan tushen da asynchronous kurege-keji Motors hanyoyi biyu don nema management - scalar da vector. A cikin farko case, lokaci guda canja amplitude da mita daga cikin wadata da irin ƙarfin lantarki.

Wannan wajibi ne don kula engine yi, mafi yawansu duk - akai rabo na ta matsakaicin karfin juyi da resistive karfin juyi. A sakamakon zama guda dace da kuma ikon factor a cikin dukan juyawa kewayo.

Vector iko ne a lokaci daya canji a cikin mawadãta, kuma lokaci na yanzu a kan stator.

Frequency synchronous irin mota drive aka aiki a low lodi, a lokacin da girma da wanda ya wuce halatta dabi'u daidai da iya kasa.

Abũbuwan amfãni daga mita drive

Frequency gyara yana da cikkaken kewayon abũbuwan amfãni idan aka kwatanta da wasu hanyoyin.

1. Aiki da kai na engine da kuma masana'antu tafiyar matakai.
2. Smooth fara kashewa hankula kurakurai da cewa faruwa a lokacin engine hanzari. Kara drive mita da kuma AMINCI kayan aiki da rage cunkoso.
3. Qara tattalin arziki yadda ya dace da kuma tuki yi a matsayin dukan.
4. Samar da wani m motor gudu da kansa na cikin hali na kaya, wanda yake da muhimmanci a lokacin transients. Amfani da feedback ya sa ya yiwu don kula da akai engine gudun a daban-daban perturbing tsoma, musamman a karkashin alternating lodi.
5. Converters za a iya sauƙi batutuwa a cikin data kasance fasaha da tsarin ba tare da manyan canje-canje da kuma daina tafiyar matakai. Da ikon iyaka ne mai girma, amma tare da karuwa a cikin farashin muhimmanci karu.
6. Da damar da za ki variators, reducers, mai mãƙara da sauran iko kayan aiki ko fadada kewayon su aikace-aikace. Wannan results a cikin wani babba makamashi ceto.
7. Kau da cutarwa sakamakon transients a kan tsari kayan aiki, kamar na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tunkaro ko ya karu ruwa matsa lamba a cikin bututun yayin da rage ta amfani da dare.

shortcomings

Kamar dukan inverters chastotniki ne kafofin kutse. Su ya kamata a shigar tacewa.

Brand darajar ne high. Yana qara muhimmanci tare da kara ikon apparatuses.

Frequency gyara a lokacin da shari taya

A shafukan inda canja wuri ne da aka yi da ruwa da sauran taya, da kwarara gyara da aka yi ga mafi part via bawuloli da kuma bawuloli. A halin yanzu, alamar shugabanci ne don amfani da mita drive famfo ko fan for propulsion na ruwan wukake.

Amfani da inverter matsayin maƙura madadin bada makamashi ceto sakamako zuwa 75%. Bawul, ƙunci da ya kwarara daga ruwa, ba ya yi amfani aiki. Wannan qara makamashi asarar da wani abu domin ta sufuri.

A drive mita sa ya yiwu don kula da akai matsa lamba a mabukaci idan canza ruwa ya kwarara kudi. Kawota daga matsa lamba haska siginar zuwa actuator cewa ya musanya engine rotational gudu da kuma game da shi shirya ta lokacinta yayin da rike wani qaddara kwarara kudi.

famfo raka'a ana gudanar da canza su yi. Ikon amfani daga famfo ne a cikin cubic dogara da yi ko da dabaran gudun. Idan wani turnovers rage wani factor na 2, da famfo yi zai sauke 8 sau. A gaban da kullum jadawalin na amfani da ruwa domin sanin da makamashi tanadi a wannan lokaci, idan amfanin mita drive iko. Saboda shi yiwuwa a sanya aiki da kai da yin famfo tashar kuma, da ita inganta da ruwa matsa lamba a cikin cibiyoyin sadarwa.

Ayuba samun iska da kuma kwandishan tsarin

Matsakaicin iska ya kwarara a cikin iska tsarin ne ba ko da yaushe dole. Operating yanayi na iya bukatar da hadaya yi. A bisa ga al'ada, wannan ya shafi throttling lokacin da dabaran gudun da ya rage m. Shi ne mafi m canza iska kwarara kudi saboda da mita sarrafawa drive idan canza yanayi da kuma yanayin yanayi, zafi, danshi, tururi da kuma noxious gas.

Ajiye makamashi a samun iska da kuma kwandishan tsarin da aka cimma ba m fiye da na famfo tashoshin, tun rotational ikon amfani ne cubic aiki na gudun.

inji inverter

Modern mita drive kewaye da aka shirya a kan biyu Converter. Ya ƙunshi wani rectifier da kuma bugun jini inverter tare da kula da tsarin.

Bayan gyãrawa smoothed ƙarfin lantarki siginar da aka tace da kuma ciyar da wani inverter da shida semiconductor sauya, inda kowanne daga cikinsu yana da alaka da stator windings na shigar da mota. Unit sabobin tuba cikin gãfarta siginar cikin so lokaci na mita da kuma mawadãta. Ikon IGBT-transistors fitarwa, saukarwa da wani babban sharuddan sauyawa mita da kuma samar da wani sarari rectangular alama ba tare da murdiya. Saboda da tacewa Properties daga cikin mota Tuddan halin yanzu kwana nau'i a kan su fitarwa ne sinusoidal.

Hanyar mawadãta gyara siginar

The girma na fitarwa ƙarfin lantarki da aka kayyade ta hanyoyi guda biyu:

1. Mawadãta - canza irin ƙarfin lantarki darajar.
2. Pulse nisa daidaitowa - wata hanya zuwa maida wata pulsed alama a wadda ta sauya tsawon, da kuma mita zauna canzawa. Akwai ikon dogara a kan bugun jini nisa.

Na biyu Hanyar da aka yi amfani da mafi sau da yawa dangane da ci gaban da microprocessor fasaha. Modern inverters suna kerarre a kan tushen da kulle GTO-thyristors ko IGBT-transistors.

Da dama da kuma yin amfani da converters

Frequency drive yana da abubuwa da yawa.

1. Frequency iko da uku-lokaci wadata irin ƙarfin lantarki daga sifili zuwa 400 Hz.
2. Hanzari ko deceleration na lantarki motor na 0.01 seconds. zuwa 50 min. da wani ba doka daga lokaci zuwa lokaci (yawanci - mikakke). Lokacin da hanzari ne zai yiwu ba kawai rage, amma kara zuwa 150% na fara karfin juyi da kuma tsauri.
3. Baya mota tare da qaddara hanzari da kuma deceleration halaye da ake so gudun a cikin wasu shugabanci.
4. A converters amfani daidaitacce lantarki kariya da gajeren kewaye, obalodi, duniya yayyo kuma karya motor guzuri.
5. Converters a kan dijital nuni Zagayawar data game da sigogi: mita, irin ƙarfin lantarki, da iko, gudun, ya kwarara, da sauransu.
6. A converters ana daidaita halin yanzu-mita halaye dangane da abin da ake bukata kaya a kan engine. kula da tsarin aiki bisa gare su, suna bayar da jirgin rinjãya.
7. Domin low mitoci yana da muhimmanci a yi amfani da vector iko, da barin yin aiki tare da cikakken mota karfin juyi don kula da akai gudun lokacin lodi canza iko shaft karfin juyi. Frequency daidaitawa kaya aiki da kyau da ta dace gabatarwar da mota nameplate data, da kuma wadannan nasarar ta gwaji. Known kayayyakin kamfanonin HYUNDAI, Sanyu, da sauransu.

A aikace-aikace na da wadannan converters:

• farashinsa a zafi da kuma ruwan sanyi da kuma zafi.
• sludge, yashi da kuma ɓangaren litattafan almara farashinsa concentrators.
• isar tsarin: conveyors, nadi conveyors, da kuma wasu wajen ;.
• stirrer, niƙa, grinder extruders, dispensers Feeders.
• yara.
• lif.
• metallurgical kayan aiki;
• hakowa kayan aiki;
• lantarki inji;
• excavator da crane kayan aiki, sunadaran da manipulators.

Masana'antun na mita inverters, reviews

Domestic manufacturer ya riga ya fara yin kayayyakin dace da masu amfani a cikin inganci da farashin. A amfani ne da ikon da sauri samun dama na'ura, da kuma cikakken shawara a kan kafa.

Company "Inganci tsarin" samar da serial kayayyakin da gogaggen jam'iyyar kayan aiki. Products amfani ga m amfani, kananan kasuwanci da masana'antu. Manufacturer "Vesper" samar da bakwai jerin converters, wanda sun hada da Multi-aikin, dace da mafi m kayan aiki.

Jagoran a samar ne a Danish chastotnikov daga Danfoss. Its kayayyakin da ake amfani da su a iska tsarin, kondtsionirovaniya, ruwa da kuma dumama. A Finnish kamfanin da Vacon, wanda shi ne wani ɓangare daga cikin Danish, ƙera ire Tsarin, daga abin da ka iya gina zama dole na'urorin ba tare da ba dole ba bayani, kyale ka ka cece kan gyara. Akwai ma converters kasa da kasa damuwa ABB, amfani da masana'antu da kuma rayuwar yau da kullum.

Kuna hukunta da sake dubawa, domin sauki na yau da kullum da ayyuka, ba za ka iya amfani da cheap m converters da iri domin hadaddun bukatun, wanda shi ne muhimmanci ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka.

ƙarshe

A drive mita iko da mota ta canza mita da kuma mawadãta daga cikin wadata da irin ƙarfin lantarki, ta haka ne kare shi daga laifuffukan: obalodi, short kewaye, da cin gaba na samar da wutar lantarki. Irin wannan lantarki actuators yi uku na asali ayyuka dangantaka da hanzari, braking da engine gudun. Wannan inganta yadda ya dace da kayan aiki a yankunan da yawa daga fasahar.