High-gudun Railway daga Moscow zuwa Beijing: yi, makirci, zane da kuma wuri a kan taswira

Ba da da ewa high-gudun Railway Moscow-Beijing danganta kasashen biyu, Sin da Rasha. A na farko kudin na aikin shi ne daidai da 1.5 yuan tiriliyan, ko 242 dala biliyan. A total tsawon hanya ne daidai da 7 bude dubban kilomita. Travel lokaci daga daya batu zuwa wani zai zama 2 kwanaki, da kuma hanya kanta za a aza ta ƙasar Kazakhstan.

Mafi qarancin lokaci a kan hanya

Yau, kasar Sin ne rayayye miƙa ta m fasahar a gina hanyar jirgin kasa da kasa matakin. Daya daga cikin wadannan ayyuka ya zama da high-gudun Railway daga Moscow zuwa Beijing. The labari yada a duniya sosai da sauri, musamman idan ka yi la'akari da sanyaya dangantakar dake tsakanin Amurka da Turai da kuma Rasha a tare da tare da rikici a gabashin Ukraine da kuma Rasha na kokarin farfadowa daga da ban mamaki auka na kasa da kasa kasuwar mai. A watan Oktoba, 2014 tsakanin Corporation "Sin layukan dogo» (China Railway Construction Corporation) da kuma ma'aikatar sufuri, layukan dogo da kuma jihar kwamitin China Development da kuma Hukumar Gyara Harkokin sanya hannu a kan Takardar Amincewa, a filin daga high-gudun dogo. Babban manufar da daftarin aiki ya ci gaba da aikin na high-gudun irin na Eurasian kai corridor, a cikin abin da tsarin za su hada da karauka Moscow-Kazan.

A tarihin da ra'ayin

High-gudun Railway layi Moscow-Beijing a matakin ideas wanzu for quite lokaci mai tsawo. The aikin ya zama mai girma madadin ga waɗanda suke bã su nufin su yi tafiya da iska. Transfer ra'ayoyi a kan matakin da aikin yanzu ya faru da wani bango da kunnawa da sayayya a Amurka, da isar da abin da aka tabbatar da kwararru maza maza. High-gudun Railway aikin dole ne samar da zuwa kasashe irin su China da kuma Rasha ne ya cancanci duniya gasa. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, bisa ga wakilan layukan dogo, high-gudun Railway daga Moscow zuwa Beijing za kudin kasar a 7 tiriliyan rubles. A kasar Sin suna son zuba jari a gina hanya mai yawan daidai da 4 tiriliyan rubles, duk sauran kudi za a haifa ta Rasha kasafin kudin. Active tattaunawar a kan kasafi na kudi domin gina hanya a yau ake gudanar da a kan hanya Moscow-Kazan a cikin tsarin na kasa da kasa aiki.

Abin da jan gina hanya?

A lokacin da high-gudun hanya Moscow-Beijing zai gina, duk da haka kadan da aka sani. Wannan shi ne saboda protracted yanke shawara a kan ku] i. Ganin halin da ake ciki da cewa ya ci gaba a yau a Rasha, duk da cewa, kasar Sin a shirye yake ya ɗauka mafi daga cikin halin kaka, kasar ne kawai ba a shirye su ci gaba da raya irin wannan babban-sikelin kudi kudi. 3 tiriliyan rubles yau ne unsupportable ga babban birnin jihar. A alama ne high cewa masu zaman kansu masu zuba jari za a janyo hankalin zuwa aikin.

Fasaha al'amurran da kuma na farko yanke shawara

Bayani bayar da Wakilanmu na jaridar The Times Beijing, ta ce game da aiki tattaunawa na yi na Railway tsakanin kasashen biyu. A mataki na farko wajen ganin na aikin ya zama wata hanya daga Moscow zuwa Kazan. A farkon hanya ne ya shirya don gina a Beijing, sa'an nan da hanya zai wuce ta hanyar birane kamar Khabarovsk da Ulan Bator, Irkutsk da Astana Ekaterinburg. A tashar karshe zai zama Moscow. Shirye-gudun Railway zai zama sau uku fiye da a yau aiki high-gudun hanya tsakanin Beijing da Guangzhou. Travel lokaci tsakanin birane bayan aiwatar da aikin ba zai kasance cikin kwanaki shida, amma kawai biyu. Yau, tsakanin manya da jihohin biyu, biyu jiragen kasa ply kawai ga wani mako. A hanya da aka bude a 1954. Trans-Siberian Railway aka dauke su mafi tsawo a duniya. Yana miƙa daga Moscow zuwa Vladivostok. Yana crosses 400 tashoshin da ta tsawon shi ne 9288 kilomita.

A farko matsaloli da farko m matakai

High-gudun jirgin kasa Beijing-Moscow a nan gaba ne mai wuya don zo your hanya. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, mataki na farko na aikin, wanda a nan gaba za su gama da yankin jihohin biyu ya zama wani hanya daga Moscow zuwa Kazan, da farko kudin na wanda ya muni ga Rasha. Don jawo hankalin masu zuba jari, "Gazprombank" hanya show da a total darajar 1,06 tiriliyan rubles a birane kamar Beijing da kuma Singapore, Hong Kong da kuma Shanghai. Kamar yadda na farko bayani, shi ya gudanar da wani jerin tarurruka da abokan duniya:

• May 14 - a Singapore.
• 15 May - a Shanghai.
• Mayu 16 - Beijing.

A nan gaba, za mu yi la'akari da ziyarar da wakilan "Gazprom" banki a Taipei, babban birnin kasar Taiwan. Bisa ga Rasha layukan dogo, tarurruka da Asian zuba jari shirya watanni da dama. Unsa tarayya Gabas asusun saboda tauri takunkumi daga yamma. A wani sadarwar kwanan rana "Pronedra" shi ya ce cewa high-gudun hanya Moscow-Beijing ba za a gina a cikin gaba 'yan shekaru. Da aiwatar da kashi na farko na wannan aiki, high-gudun dogo tsakanin Moscow da kuma Kazan, za a iya kara zuwa 2020. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa da layukan dogo ba tukuna gudanar ya gano wani mai saka jari.

A rukunin farko na aikin

A rukunin farko na kasar jihar kasafin kudin aikin da "Rasha layukan dogo" nufin ware 191,9 biliyan rubles. Sauran sassa na hanya, kamar Vladimir, Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhniy Novgorod, Cheboksary, Cheboksary, Kazan, da aka shirya don a sanye take a kudi na asasshe. An ruwaito ta hanyar ma'aikatar sufuri na 29 Janairu 2015. A karo na farko game da aikin mazauna yankin, a cikin abin da high-gudun hanya za a gane, mu koya kawai a farkon shekarar 2015. A sabon hanya za a dage farawa a cikin layi daya tarayya karauka M-7, da aka sani da "Volga". A abun da ke ciki za su yi wani tasha. A musamman, Vladimir tashar za a located a Sukhodol.

Abin da yi mazauna yankunan?

High-gudun Railway daga Moscow zuwa Beijing a kan taswira cewa zai ratsa ta wani babban isa rabo daga yankuna, ya sa mutanen da suka yi rayuwa tare da ita a cikin unguwa, a sosai gauraye dauki. Shin, m da zargin lalacewa, wadda za ta shãfe ƙasar noma, gandun daji da kuma kafa salo. Hukumomi sanar cewa a kowane site a kan wanda za a yi za'ayi, duk ayyukan za a pre-amince da jama'a. Daya daga cikin kafofin ce, idan muka gudanar a sami wani tallafa, da BCM za a bude riga a 2018. A iyakar gudu daga motsi na hanya zai zama 400 kilomita awa, wanda zai rage hanya daga Moscow zuwa Kazan daga 11 hours zuwa 3.5.

aikinsu na jam'iyyun

High-gudun Railway daga Moscow zuwa Beijing, inda makirci ne a rubuce mai tsananin kyau da kuma m, bisa ga na farko da tsare-tsaren, ya kamata a fara ta aikin a lokacin daga 2018 zuwa 2020-th. A nan gaba, kasar Sin gefen niyyar samar da aikin ta fasaha. A kasar ne ya shirya don ya ɗauka cikakken alhakin shiryawa da kuma yi. A dawowar ga m agaji, kasar Sin a shirye yake ya dauki a kan Rasha makamashi.

Har 15 Disamba 2014 an shirya ya ci gaba da yanayin karkashin abin da kamfanonin kasar Sin za su iya shiga a cikin aikin. Bayani game da yadda za a ƙayyade ko don en wata yarjejeniya kamar yadda boye daga jama'a. Dama don tsara shirin da aikin karauka Moscow-Kazan lashe Rasha-Sin Kamfanin karkashin iko da "Mostgiprotrans" tare da sa hannu na gwagwarmaya da "Nizhegorodmetroproekt" da kuma CREEC (China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co. Ltd.). Price Yarjejeniyar ga wannan category ne daidai da 20 biliyan rubles, amma ban da VAT.

manazarta Project

High-gudun Railway daga Moscow zuwa Beijing - da aikin ne sosai alamar rahama da kuma fifiko, amma shi ba ya hana manazarta sun m. Suka ce cewa jefa kwanan wata na SCM a cikin mahallin 2018-2020 shekaru ne mara kyau. A cewar Alexey Bezborodov, aiki a matsayin Shugaba InfraNews dillancin, aikin zai ma ba su iya gudu a cikin shekaru goma. Dalili na wannan ra'ayi shi ne jami'in bayani na wakilin Rasha layukan dogo cewa a halin yanzu a kankare mataki shirin domin gina high-gudun dogo ba ya wanzu ba tukuna. Akwai kawai a high yiwuwa cewa hanya daga Moscow zuwa Kazan a nan gaba za a mika wa Ekaterinburg da kuma a kan.

Wa zai amfana daga yi na expressway?

Babbar Hanya Moscow-Beijing zai kawo wasu amfanin ba kawai ga Rasha layukan dogo, amma kuma ga Amurka a matsayin dukan. Wannan shi ne saboda agglomeration effects cewa zai bayyana a matsayin yawan sake ma su matsugunni ga aikin. A ran lokaci high-gudun line dole ne a karu da 30-70% na GRP a cikin yankuna. Ƙarin kudaden shiga daga hanya zai sadu da babu kasa da 11 tiriliyan rubles matsayin farko a matsayin na farko shekaru goma na aiki na aikin. Wannan adadi da aka gabatar da kungiyar tattalin arziki cibiyoyin, karkashin jagorancin ma'aikatar kula da tattalin arziki. Idan SCM har yanzu bayyana ne kawai a kan ƙasa da Vladimir yankin ta GRP ƙaruwa da kashi 38%. Shi ne game da 84 biliyan rubles da. By 2030, wannan adadi zai karu zuwa 58%, ko a monetary sharuddan - to 131 biliyan rubles. A Nizhny Novgorod yankin bukata ci gaban tattalin arziki na 39%, ko 252 biliyan rubles, amma ta 2030 shi ya isa a kalla 76%, ko 496 biliyan. Chuvashia sa ran kara da darajar da 13% ko biliyan 20 rubles. By 2025, da Jump zai zama 28%, ko biliyan 43 rubles. Tatarstan a 2025 sa ran ci gaban tattalin arziki zai zama daidai da 27%, ko 274 biliyan rubles.