Honey - lambar diastase: menene teburin ya dogara, GOST

Abincin kiwon zuma mutane sun ji dadin tun lokacin da suka faru. Rubutun zane na tsari na zuma tarin kwanan baya ya dawo da Stone Age. Tabbatacce ne tabbatacce cewa Pharawan Masar sun kasance manyan masoya na zaki, ciki har da zuma. Littafin farko da aka ambata na zuma a Ancient Rus ya koma karni na 9.

Abubuwan amfani na zuma

Tun zamanin d ¯ a, an yi la'akari da zuma ba kawai wani abu mai dadi ba, har ma da magani ga cututtuka da dama. Sun magance cututtuka na tsarin sukari da kuma tsarin gastrointestinal, cututtuka na ido, fatar jiki da scurvy. Har zuwa yanzu, magani na kudan zuma yana daya daga cikin hanyoyin da suka fi dacewa da maganin gargajiya - zuma yana warkaswa sanyi a kakar wasan kwaikwayo kuma yana amfani da shi a cikin gida. A yau an tabbatar da shi kimiyya cewa abun da ke tattare da ƙudan zuma ƙwallon ƙwayar ƙudan zuma ya ƙunshi babban adadin muhimman ma'adanai, abubuwa masu mahimmanci da kuma bitamin.

To, menene zuma?

Honey shi ne kyawawan ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyi masu banƙyama, waɗanda ƙudan zuma suka samar. Don tara 100 grams na goodies, wadannan ma'aikata na bukatar tattara pollen daga kusan miliyan furanni. Suna tattara pollen mai dadi daga wasu nau'i-nau'i, tare da hada su tare da enzymes na kansu, wanda glandon ya zama mai nauyin. A sakamakon wannan aiki mai muhimmanci, wannan samfurin abinci mai amfani da samfurin ya samo.

Kayan samfur

Babu shakka, magungunan magani na zuma ba su da tabbas, amma a kan yanayin cewa shi ne samfurin halitta. Naman zuma shine daya daga cikin abubuwa masu hadaddun kwayoyin halitta, wanda za'a iya ƙayyadadden nauyinsa a hanyoyi da yawa. An yi imanin cewa ƙayyadadden ƙayyadadden ƙimar, ƙarfin da abun ciki na samfurin za a iya ƙayyade kawai a cikin yanayin gwaje-gwaje, inda masana zasu ƙayyade yawan adadin zuma.

Duk da haka, kudan zuma masu kwarewa da gourmets na ainihi ba su san yadda za su bambanta samfurin halitta daga maƙaryata ba, amma har ma suna tsammani wurare na tara ƙudan zuma da tsire-tsire, waɗanda ƙudan zuma suka gurɓata. Masana sun ƙayyade waɗannan sigogi ta launi, mai yawa, gaskiya, danko da ƙanshin zuma. Lambar diastolic ko ma'anar wasu alamomi ba su buƙatar wannan.

Duk da haka, yana da matukar wuya a ƙayyade ainihin inganci da kuma dabi'ar zuma ga mafi yawan mazauna. Saboda haka, duk wani kayan kiwon zuma da ke kan sayarwa dole ne suyi kulawa a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje.

Mafi muhimmanci enzymes a cikin zuma

Naman zuma na zuma yana da nau'o'in enzymes daban-daban da suka fito daga glandar da aka yi wa ƙwayar mai aiki da kuma fadawa cikin kwakwalwar da aka tattara. Wannan nazarin halittu catalysts, wanda da taimako zuwa ga tsari na tafiyar matakai na rayuwa a cikin jiki. Suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen aiwatar da zuma daga nectar flower. Babban enzymes shine glucose oxidase, invertase da amylase. Idan yawan waɗannan abubuwa a cikin zuma ba kasa da ka'idojin da aka yarda da su ba, to, waɗannan samfurori ana ganin an gurbata. Zai yiwu karuwar yawan enzymes ya kasance saboda ajiyar ajiya.

Glucose oxidase a yayin hulɗa tare da sauran kayan gyara glucose, samar da hydrogen peroxide da gluconic acid. Kasancewa maras tushe, hydrogen peroxide an lalace, duk da haka, a matakin farko na aiki na kwalliya, an kare zuma ta gaba daga nau'ikan nau'ukan, fungi da kwayoyin cututtuka da kwayoyin cuta. Sauran gluconic acid yana rinjayar acidity na zuma kuma yawancin kayyade dandano na ƙarshe.

Harkokin bala'in ya rabu da sukari a cikin glucose da fructose. Amylase ya lalata sitaci, ya juya shi cikin maltose. Ayyukan wannan enzyme an ƙayyade ta darajar lambar diastase na zuma. Mene ne, yanzu muna kokarin fahimta. A lokaci guda mun koyi abin da wannan alamar ya kamata ya kasance don samfurin samfurin.

Lambar diastatic na zuma - mece ce?

Duk wani nau'in halitta na halitta, an saka shi da kuma adana tare da yanayin da ake bukata, dauke da babban adadin enzymes. Ɗaya daga cikin masu mahimmancin sunadaran gina jiki shine amylase. Wani kuma, sanannun sunaye na wannan enzyme shine diastase. Wannan abu ne wanda ke shafar lalacewar sitaci. Lambar diastatic na zuma shine alamar mahimmanci na darajar da kuma dabi'ar kudan zuma. Mafi girma shi ne, mafi cancanta da kuma amfani da samfur shi ne. Ƙayyade wannan ƙira zai yiwu ne kawai a cikin ɗakin gwaje-gwaje.

Tabbatar da mahimmanci mai nuna alama

Yaya za a iya ƙayyade lambar diastatic na zuma? Har zuwa yau, akwai hanyoyi da dama don gano ainihin mai nuna alama. A kasarmu, kamar yadda a cikin wasu ƙasashen Turai, Gote hanya ce.

Wannan dabarar ta dogara ne akan ikon da ya dace na enzymes don karya sitaci. An ƙididdige yawan adadin zuma ta hanyar dissolving da 1% sitaci bayani ga sa'a daya a 40 ° C a 1 gram na zuma. Adadin magunguna na sitaci shine mai nuna alama. Lambar diastatic an bayyana a raka'a na Goth.

Wannan hanya ta kasance mai rikitarwa da tsawon lokaci, amma yana bada mafi kyawun sakamako. Akwai Tables na musamman don yawan adadin zuma. An gudanar da bincike ne a kan su.

Tebur na mafi yawan adadin zuma a cikin wasu yankuna:

Mafi kyawun adadin diastatic zuma ne GOST ta tsara a cikin kewayon daga 7 zuwa 50 raka'a. Bisa ga ka'idodin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, yawancin diastases shine 3 Gote units (abun ciki na sauran bangaren, hydroxymethylfurfural, kada ya wuce 15 MG / kg). Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a duniya akwai nau'o'in zuma tare da nauyin abun ciki na diastase na halitta (samfurin da aka tattara daga furanya, auduga ko Citrus).

Babu shakka, mafi girman samfurin Gotte, mafi mahimmancin samfurin. Duk da haka, wannan sigogi na iya bambanta dangane da shafin yanar gizo na tarin nectar. Saboda haka, masana da yawa suna shakkar tasirin wannan fasaha.

Menene ya ƙayyade yawan adadin ƙwayar zuma?

An tabbatar da cewa yanayin yanayin yanayin da ƙudan zuma ke tattara zuma, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da ƙananan enzymes. An sani cewa samfurori da aka samo a yankunan kudancin suna da alamun alamu da yawa fiye da zuma da aka tattara a yankuna arewacin. Wannan shi ne saboda rani a arewacin takaice ne, kuma tsire-tsire basu da tsayi sosai. Amma naman da aka tattara daga ƙudan zuma daga irin wannan yanayin, dadi da m. Sabili da haka, samfurori na kudan zuma a yankunan arewacin sun kasance masu girmama su da girmamawa.

Bisa ga ɗakin da aka yarda da su kullum, yawan diastatic yawan zuma daga yankuna mai dadi yana da ƙasa kuma zai iya bambanta daga 0 zuwa 7 raka'a. Duk da yake a cikin arewacin zuma shi wani lokaci yakan kai kashi 50.

Sau da yawa masana'antun suna samar da samfurori na kudan zuma, lambar lambar diastase ta wuce iyakar iyakar. Wannan zai iya zama gwaji mai nasara, wanda aka gudanar a cikin lambun lambu. Amma, da rashin alheri, mafi yawancin wannan batu ba na halitta bane, amma mai roba, wanda aka amfana da kayan amylase.

Ba daidai ba ne

Mutane da yawa masu amfani da kuskure sun yi imanin cewa diastase kanta ita ce mafi muhimmanci daga zuma. Babu shakka, ra'ayi mara kyau ya ci gaba saboda gaskiyar cewa lambar diastatic tana nufin GOST. A gaskiya ma, adadin wannan enzyme yana ƙayyadad da dankocin nectar mai sarrafawa - mafi girman abun ciki, mafi yawan ƙudan zuma sun gabatar da shi a cikin abun da ke ciki. Akwai wasu nau'o'in zuma tare da ƙananan amylase na halitta, ɗaya daga cikinsu shine wanda aka girbe daga fata acacia. Duk da haka, wannan samfurin shine mafi tsada a duniya.