Kola bay: da, yanzu, ban sha'awa facts

A ƙirin na Kola Larabawa da aka assimilated Finno-Ugric kabilu a Stone Age. Bayan da baftisma da Rus waɗannan ƙasashe zo Novgorod mulkin mallaka, wanda aka tsunduma a kama kifi marine dabbobi da kifi. A cikin banki na wani Rasha kauyen. A 17-19 karnoni Larabawa yawan rayu yafi reindeer da ganima kifi (masana'antu sikelin). An kawai a farkon karni na 20th, da Kola Bay aka gane a matsayin dabarun (kuma ba kawai tattalin arziki!) Mahimmanci. Akwai da aka kafa a tashar jirgin ruwa - yanzu mafi girma a cikin Arctic Circle.

Gwargwadon matsayi

Located a kan Gulf Coast na Kola Larabawa, Murmansk. Yana gare ta sunan Cola shiri cewa ya taso a kan eponymous kogin yiwuwa a cikin 11th karni. Cikakken bayanin irin Gulf aka yi Mihailom Frantsevichem Reyneke, shugaban na hydrographic balaguro, bincika arewacin Maritime iyaka da Rasha Empire a 1826.

Kola bay - wani classic Fjord, kunkuntar (daga 200 m ga kilomita 7) da kuma dogon (game da 57 km). An kasu kashi uku kabilu, wanda kowannensu yake da daban-daban zurfin. The biyu main ƙõramu sunã gudãna a cikin bay, kira Tuloma da Cola. Banks slashed yawa bays (Catherine Harbor Tyuva, Side). The ruwa yanki na cike ne da kananan tsibiran. Murmansk da Severomorsk rufaffiyar birni located a gabashin tudu na bay, m kuma m. A kan wani karin m, yamma ne a tashar jiragen ruwa na Arctic. A gaba suna da alaka da hanya gada.

halitta anomalies

Kola bay yana daya muhimmanci alama: hunturu da ruwa da aka ba daskarewa ko idan da yawan zafin jiki a kasa -20 ° ^C. A warmer ko da yaushe Gulf fiye da a nahiyar, bambanci iya zama gwaji. Wannan sabon abu ne ya sa ta a dumi halin yanzu, amma ba ta Gulf Stream, kamar yadda suka yi zato, kuma ta ci gaba - da Arewa Atlantic (Arewa Cape). Hakika, kashe bakin tekun na ruwa freezes, amma Fairway ne ko da yaushe kankara-free. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa bay yana da wani dabarun muhimmancin. A Arewa Sea Route ya sosai zama dole ga Rasha a lokacin yakin duniya na farko, ya bayar da wata mahada da majiɓinta.

Gulf sosai daskare ba fiye da sau biyar a tarihi da lura. Karshe lokacin da wannan ya faru sosai kwanan nan - a cikin Janairu 2015. Kara yankin da kuma kauri daga kankara (har zuwa 10-15 cm a lebe da kuma kananan bays) shi aka sa ta shafe tsawon High. A kudancin gwiwa bay lura rugujewa kankara zuwa 5 cm lokacin farin ciki.

A gada fadin Kola Bay

Goma da suka wuce, cikin mota gada fadin bay 2.5 km (daga wanda ruwan ya wuce 1.6 km) da aka bude. Ya aka dauki daya daga cikin mafi m, duka biyu a Rasha da kuma a cikin Arctic a general. A yi yana ba kawai tattalin arziki amma kuma zamantakewa muhimmanci. A gada ya danganta da yammacin yankuna da tsakiyar Murmansk simplifies motsi a cikin yankin, da kuma facilitates aiki hulda da Scandinavian makwabta. Yana yana hudu hanyoyi da kuma ne aka yi nufi ga ma Tafiya da Kafa. A cikin kaka na shekarar 2014 da ginin da aka gyara.

Kola Bay, Murmansk yanki wasanni

Domin shekaru da dama da gada da wasu ban sha'awa hadisai hade da shi. Bugu da kari, ya zama wani dandali ga wani iri-iri na wasanni da kuma dama da ayyukan. Akwai kullum shirya gasa a keke kuma paintball, kuma a lokacin rani, a watan Yuni, a kan hagu bakin bay tare da gada farawa matsananci zafi, wanda zo su shiga a gudun fanfalaki swimmers daga ko'ina cikin kasar da kuma daga kasashen makwabta.

Ya kamata a lura cewa, ko da a cikin bazara da Kola Bay ne ba ma m: da yawan zafin jiki na ruwa a cikin shi ba ya wuce 8 ^{° C} da xumamar iyo kayayyaki a taron da aka haramta. Extreme in ji da kuma karfi a kaikaice halin yanzu. Saboda haka, "Murmansk mil" - wani tsanani gwajin for akvayserov ( 'yan wasa, kwarewa a ninkaya a ruwan sanyi). Yana bukatar m kiwon lafiya, da jimiri da kuma dogon lokacin horo.

kama kifi

A 1803, a kan Murman Coast ya shirya da ake kira White Sea Company domin samar da kifi. Bay ya dade domin ta shahara yawa. Lissafin lokuttan da aka yi a nan da kuma teku dabba. A halin yanzu Bay albarkatun muhimmanci tsautsayi saboda matsalolin muhalli da kuma taro kama kifi. Duk da haka, a nan har yanzu akwai mai kyau dama ga kogi da teku kama kifi. Target nau'in a cikin bay ne waɗanda breeds kamar yadda haddock, cod, zurfin, pollack da herring. Yana gana da kaguwa. A estuaries , za ka iya kama kifi, char, whitefish, Grayling, perch kuma Pike.

Duk da haka, kogin kama kifi (kazalika da samar da kaguwa) lasisi ake bukata. Bugu da kari, yana da muhimmanci a tuna cewa nasarar kama kifi shafi Semi-diurnal tides na Kola Bay. A cewar Reinecke, su ne sosai m, kuma isa hudu mita. Mutane da yawa anglers fi son aikatãwa daya a cikin estuaries na gudãna ma saboda suna kasa gurbata fiye da Gulf kanta.

matsalolin muhalli

Ayuba hako ma'adinai da enrichment shuke-shuke da kuma man masana'antu ci gaba da samun a detrimental sakamako a kan Kola Bay. Photo ta gaba sau da yawa samar da wani m ra'ayi: ko'ina hauhawar rusted yi tarkace da kuma shuke-shuke, sun dogon daina aiki. Murmansk tashar jiragen ruwa ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi najasa yankunan da shiryayye.

A wasu sassa na yankin Gulf halin da ake ciki shi ne dan kadan mafi alhẽri, amma maida hankali hydrocarbons, da baƙin ƙarfe, da kuma jan wuce halatta kuma shi ne dalili na cututtuka na gida yawan. A halin yanzu muhalli kira management kamfanoni don tabbatar da kiyayewa da matakan da na zamani da kayan aiki.