Mallaka Eagle - gaggafa, wadda aka hada a cikin Red Littãfi. Boneyard: description tare da hotuna

Mallaka Eagle - Eagle alƙarya da aka steadily ragewa, duk da ban a kan farauta wannan tsuntsu na ganima. A sakamakon ayyukan noma na asali mutum ƙasa data mangaza bace, da kuma tsuntsaye suna zuwa da za a zaba domin kiwon waddan sabon kuma sau da yawa ba mafi kyau wurare kusa da unprotected ikon Lines.

Bugu da kari, duk da hukuma ban, a wasu kauyuka mutane har yanzu fafitikar da yara yin amfani da guba baits, da wanda wani babban yawan kashe dabbobi, ciki har da makabartun.

Asalin sunan

Bisa yadda gaggafa-binne ake kira, za mu iya cewa sunansa ya samu a sakamakon cewa ciyarwa, yafi a kan mũshe, amma shi ba. A farkon da XIX karni. a Rasha an kira kawai gaggafa. Amma bayan fara rayayye nazarin Aral Sea yankin da kuma Kazakhstan steppes, inda wannan tsuntsu ne sau da yawa gani zaune a kan saman mounds, wanda aka sani, suna tsoho binne wuraren, zuwa sunan ƙara kalma "makabarta".

Mallaka mikiya, da sunan wanda a kai tsaye translation daga Latin yana nufin "rana", kamar yadda yake a sauran harsuna - "mallaka", a mafi yawan wurare, da ɓangare na Tarayyar Soviet, har yanzu rike ta ciki image. Gaskiyar cewa kalmar "makabarta" mafi yawan mutane shirki da burials, amma ba tare da wani girman kai, kuma kyau tsuntsu. Duk da cewa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan akwai kara ra'ayi cewa babu wata cũta zai zama ba gaggafa ne wani, mafi aesthetically m sunan, babu hukunci mataki domin wannan ya ba tukuna dauka.

Mallaka mikiya: description

A bambanci da zinariya mikiya, da wutsiya ne sandan-dimbin yawa, da kuma gashinsa a kan shi ake shirya kamar fan, a hurumi, ya mike da elongated, ko da yake da sauran kama za a iya gani a tsakanin tsuntsaye. Jikin tsawon iya isa 85 cm da wani nauyi na 5 kg ga samfurori.

The hurumi - gaggafa manyan isa girma. A ikon yinsa, daga fukafukinsa ne 215 cm, amma wannan darajar har yanzu ba za a iya kwatanta ta da sikelin da mikiya ta fuka-fuki. Launi launin gashi jeri daga duhu launin ruwan kasa a baki. A yankin zasheyke gashinsa fentin a cikin wani haske rauno launi da kuma dan kadan elongated. Wasu mutane na iya za a lura a kan kafadu na fari spots, kama epaulettes.

murya

Idan aka kwatanta da ta kusa dangi - zinariya mikiya, na sarki mikiya, wanda aka located a kasa hoton, quite m tsuntsu. Mafi sau da yawa shi ne mai zurfi, m murya da aka ji a farkon kiwo kakar a nesa daga sama zuwa daya kilometer daga tsuntsãye. Duration na kuka, vaguely kama wani kare Shusha Barking ne a sau up to 10 syllables.

A cikin taron cewa hurumi gano a yankin ƙasarta a wajen abin da yake a cikin kusanci da gida, yana fadar wani gargadi kuka, ba biya da hankali ga cewa, mutum wanda ya yi ƙarfin halin m gida, iya tsanani m.

abinci

Mai sananne ne bambancin da abun da ke ciki na abinci, wanda ya fi son ci gaggafa. Bird binne m hunts kananan hakori filin tare da wannan bege a matsayin manyan dabbobi. Daga cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa a cikin abinci, baicin aka bai wa hamsters da beraye, da kuma a cikin yawan manyan dabbobi cancanci wani undeniable son na hares da kuma matasa, m da yara. Bugu da kari, da binne ci wani tsuntsaye wanda nauyi ba ya wuce 3-4 kg.

Duk da haka gida mounds fĩfĩta mazauninsu gophers. Kamar yadda wani janar mulki, inda wadannan dabbobi ba su da samuwa, da Eagles ba yi sheƙarsu. A sosai kananan yawan nau'i-nau'i daga gaggafa sun zaba a matsayin na dindindin mazauninsu tabkuna located in Kazakhstan da kuma Yammacin Siberia, ci na gida waterfowl, amma ko da suna da mafi yawan samar da ake bukata don yin sama da ƙasa squirrels.

Hakori binne yawanci kama a ƙasa, kuma tsuntsaye - suna kawai za a dauki kashe. A ranar da ya fara tasawa yana bukatar akalla 600 grams nama, da kuma a gaban kajin kullum kundin ƙara muhimmanci, don haka mangaza ba zai yi ƙyãmar mũshe, wanda za su iya gane. A kundin cinye ragu sosai ya karu a cikin bazara, lokacin da sabo abinci ne kusan a can. A wannan lokaci, musamman overfly binne wuri inda akwai iya auku a kan hunturu, dabba carcasses da samar musu da abinci ga 'yan kwanaki.

Abin lura shi ne cewa a cikin iska Eagle tsuntsu ne ba su da sha'awar. Mafarautan saukar nan gaba wanda aka azabtar, shi iya tashi for hours a isa tsawo to hakar bai gani da shi kafin lokaci, ko kallo zaune a kan wani tsauni, a cikin rawar da cikakken yi mounds.

A canji a cikin balagaggu tsuntsu

The hurumi - gaggafa, rabin abin da ba za a iya bambanta a launi plumage. Flight gashinsa, ko da jima'i, duhu launin ruwan kasa a saman da kasa. A wannan yanayin, dangane da ciki webs lura Heart sofane m juna. Coverts maimaita launi fidda gwani, amma su sautin da yawa duhu. A wutsiya ne launin toka-black marmara Sheen. A fika da kuma baki na adult tsuntsaye ne baki, da cewa kawai ya jaddada da kyau, a tsaye a kan wata rawaya bango, shi ne halayyar da sashe na baki da kuma paws binne.

Kajin an rufe yafi haske Buffy launin gashi da a tsaye shanyewar jiki. A wannan yanayin, jirgin gashinsa da arziki duhu Brown launi. A m shekaru, za su hankali duhu har ocher tint ba gaba daya bace daga launi. Canza launin gashi matasa tsuntsu zai zama 'yan sau, da kuma sau daya ne kawai shi ne a cikin launi zai dace gaba daya da launi na fara tasawa tsuntsu, binnewa aka dauke a shirye domin zaman kanta rayuwa.

nesting wuri

Bird yardar kaina motsa a ƙasa, amma wannan sabon abu ne quite rare, kuma shi za a iya gani kawai a farkon safe, a lokacin da rashin updraft hana hurumi kashe. Sau da yawa da bukatar saukowa saboda gaskiyar cewa a nan da nan kusanci na cikin gida da aka located. A gaskiya, da binne - mikiya fi son for nesting hamada steppe da gandun daji steppe zones, wanda za a iya amfani da dama da suka gabata.

The biyu da aka zaba ta hanyar wani wuri, kawai inganta gida, da kajin su ji dadi. Sheƙarsu iya located biyu a kan ƙasa, daga cikin rassan kananan girma Bishiyoyi. Duk da haka, nesting a tsawo hade tare da wani hadarin, saboda tsuntsaye suna kullum kawo sabbin fastening rassan da fi bishiyoyi kawai ba zai iya tsayayya da kara nauyi da kuma na iya karya.

haifuwa

A wannan yanayin, idan ma'aurata aka shirya don samun zuriya, sami wani m gida, shi ya gina da kansa, da girman wanda a cikin tsawon ƙarshe har zuwa na 130-160 cm a fadin da kuma 70-90 cm ba ga tsawo. A m shekaru, da gida girma zai karu sosai, kuma ta zama kusan monumental gini.

Dangane da mazauninsu a lokacin oviposition yana daga marigayi Maris zuwa farkon watan Mayu. Daya gida ne ba fiye da 3 kwai kwanciya wanda ya faru a kowace 'yan kwanaki. kwai size jeri daga 53 mm zuwa 83 mm, haka, ko da kuwa nesting, harsashi Matte fari da launin toka, ko duhu aibobi. Abin lura shi ne cewa idan akwai wani asarar asali masonry, da biyu da aka cire daga shafin da kuma sanya shi a sake a cikin sabon Ramin.

shiryawa tsari aka yi, duka biyu mambobi ne na biyu, da suka fara da na farko qwai for 43 days. A daidai wannan lokaci da fitowan na kajin faruwa a cikin wannan hanya, da qwai da aka dage farawa a cikin abin da. Rearing zuriyata ya kasance mace, da kuma namiji bear ɓangare na babban earner abincinsu ga iyali. Around da shekaru 2-3 watanni, da kajin fara bar gida, amma na dogon lokaci har yanzu Kõmãwa zuwa gare shi ga dare Muddin ba tashi daga nan a kan ta farko hunturu.

Abin da kyau mutum ya zo da zinariya mikiya?

Animal yada suna kiran ba a taba nesting shafukan da wadannan tsuntsaye masu cin nama, da kuma bayar da rahoton sun gudanar da binciken da ya dace hukumomi domin kariya daga dabbobi. Gaskiyar cewa hurumi - shi ne ba kawai m, amma kuma amfani tsuntsu, wanda muhimmanci rage yawan kananan hakori, kuma haka tabbatar da kare lafiya da amfanin gona. Bugu da kari, da mikiya ci mũshe, wanda, kamar yadda aka sani, zai iya zama a matsayin tushen mafi tsanani cututtuka a cikin mutane.

The hurumi aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi daga kasashe irin su Rasha, Ukraine, Kazakhstan da kuma Azerbaijan, wanda mai tsanani azabtar da wani mataki da nufin rage yawan na jinsunan tsuntsaye na ganima.