Marubuci Arkady Averchenko: biography, kerawa da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Bayan da juyin juya halin, Rasha ya hagu da dama na ƙwarai kasida da marubuta. Daya daga cikinsu shi Arkady Averchenko. A biography wannan marubuci ne quite bakin ciki, kamar yadda rayuwar mutane da yawa Rasha mãsu hijira waɗanda aka tilasta rayuwa fitar da rayukansu nisa daga mahaifarsa.

yara

Farkon shekaru satirist nuna a cikin halitta a cikin wani musamman style of aikin "tarihin rayuwar." Tun suna yara, Arkady Averchenko, wanda biography, kazalika da rai ƙare farkon, saboda tsananin nakasar cuta, suna da matalauta gannai. An haife shi a Sevastopol a 1881. The mahaifin na gaba marubuci ya da wani m matsakaicin. Amma Averchenko ba zai iya samun mai kyau ilimi. Dalilin da cewa shi ne wannan rashin lafiya. A wata hanya, ɗan Sevastopol m za a iya kira nugget. Bayan duk gibba a ilimi, ya ya iya cika godiya ta zuwa ga halitta damar iya yin komai, juriya da kuma bi shi na ilmi.

boyhood

Duk da haka, lokacin da horo da aka ba sosai a cikin matasa Averchenko. Tarihinsa ya ce wannan rayuwar mutum ya ɓullo a cikin irin wannan hanya da cewa a cikin shekaru goma sha biyar, da matashi ya tãrãwa su da gurasa. Da farko ya amsa kamar yadda wani marubuci a Sevastopol kai ofishin. Sa'an nan kuma akwai sabis a daya daga cikin wuraren hako ma'adinai a cikin Donbass. Na farko da aikin kwarewa a farkon ayyukan nuna Arkady Averchenko. A biography wannan mutum da aka sani ga duk wanda yake saba da ayyukan da satirist. Stories of "tarihin rayuwar" da "A cikin steamer kira na sauri sautin" an rubuta su a wani haske m style. Works Averchenko albeit ba da babban wallafe-wallafen darajar, amma halitta da wani dabara satire, wanda marubucin ya kasance kullum iya zuwa kai tsaye ba kawai a dangane da wasu, amma a kansa.

Donbass nawa

Bryansk nawa nan gaba marubuci da aka a shekara goma sha shida. A nan sai ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru hudu. Kuma, ba shakka, kwarewa da kuma sadarwa tare da ma'aikata a karafa ofishin iya ba bauta a matsayin abu don rubuce-rubuce wadannan labaru. A cikin ayyukan "Walƙiya" da "yamma" nuna ransa a tawa, wani matashi marubuci Averchenko. A biography wannan mutum, kamar yadda aka ce, quite takaice. Amma a lokaci guda arziki sosai. Kamar shekaru ashirin da, ya aka yi nasara da dama birane, duka biyu Rasha da kuma kasashen waje.

Kharkov

A shekarar 1900 Averchenko bar Donbass. Ya aka aika zuwa Kharkov, inda ya fara aiki. A wata jarida a farkon karni bayyana farko da labarin. The aiki ne da ake kira "Ta yaya zan inshora ransa." Amma wannan labarin ne ya wallafa wani littafi dauke da halarta a karon Averchenko. Brief biography na marubuci, rubuta da kansa, ya ce a cikin Kharkov lokaci, ya gaba daya ba sama da sabis da kuma kishin yawa lokaci zuwa wallafe-wallafen aiki. Kuma shi ke da labarin, "Masu-adalci" da aka rubuta a lokacin wadannan shekaru.

The aiki a mujallar

Game da shekara labarin mu gwarzo yi aiki a Kharkov satirical mujallu. Bisa ga tunaninsu na abokai da dangi, shi ne musamman m mutumin da aka Arkady Averchenko. Biography (short), wannan marubuci ba da gangan sa fitar a cikin littafinsa Age na Alexander "The Great mãsu hasãra."

A cikin mujallar "bayoneti" da "Sword" Averchenko a kai a kai da aka buga da kananan ayyuka, wanda masu karatu sun rare. Amma saboda wasu dalilai bayan wani shekara matasa marubuci aka sallami tare da kalmomi: "Kai ne babu kyau ba kyau, ko da yake, da kuma mutumin kirki ne." Kuma ya bar Kharkov ba tare da biyan kudi basusuka da cewa ya da wani bakon hanya a can don wani sosai gajeren lokaci.

Petersburg

A babban birnin kasar, Arkady Averchenko da farko ya yi aiki da farko a cikin na uku-bugu. Amma a nan ya karshe samu da fitarwa. A St. Petersburg, sa'a murmushi a gare shi. A ma'aikatan na mujallar "Mazari", wanda a wancan lokaci aka rasa da biyan kuɗi, sun yanke shawarar shirya wani sabon daya lokaci-lokaci ɗaba'ar. Daga cikin masu shirya ya Arkady Averchenko.

wannan mujallar da ake kira "Satyricon." Kuma edita a shugaban da kansa ya zama Averchenko. Biography da kuma aiki na marubuci da kakkarfan dangankata da wannan satirical mujallar. Wannan inda mafi shahara da labaru. "Satyricon" ya zama musamman rare, da farko saboda ayyukan Averchenko. Duk da yake aiki a wannan mujallar marubuci ya iya samun kansa style. Duk da haka, a cikin labarun da aka buga a cikin "Satyricon" siyasa fuskantarwa ya ba. Averchenko ya sha nanata an hõre shari'a. Duk da haka, da shahararsa ta da ya wallafa halittun da shi shafa mafi m hanya.

A 1911 Averchenko tafiya zuwa Turai birane. Tafiya ya shirya tare da abokan aikinsa. Tafiya a Turai wahayi zuwa gare shi don rubuta wani satirical muqala. Ina aiki a wani mujallar marubuci a hade tare da nazari na high-profile wasan kwaikwayo productions. Amma ya m articles ya yi amfani da su shiga wani iri-iri pseudonyms.

A Oktoba juyin juya halin

Bayan juyin mulkin, duk abin da ya canja. "Satyricon" da aka rufe ta da Bolsheviks. A sabon hukumomi ba su son wannan ma'aikatan mujallar. Wannan, duk da haka, ya kasance da juna. Nan da nan, wani shahararren adadi a cikin wallafe-wallafen da siyasa gudun hijira laifin juya Averchenko Arkady Timofeevich. Tarihinsa bayan da juyin juya halin Musulunci events ya quite m. Ya buga gajejjeran labaru, da aka buga littattafai. Duk da haka, m kerawa, wanda ya hali na Petersburg lokaci, ya daina a cikin rayuwarsa.

Domin samun garinsu, da marubuci yana da dogon hanyar ta cikin Ukrainian birnin shagaltar da Jamus sojojin. A Sevastopol, ya yi aiki a takaicce a wani gida mujallar. Lokacin da Bolsheviks ya zo birnin, ya mu'ujiza gudanar a samu na karshe jirgin ruwan tafiyarsu for Konstantinoful.

ƙaura

A farko shekaru kasashen waje don Averchenko suka hayayyafa. A Konstantinoful shi ne a wancan lokaci mai yawa Rasha. Kuma a Paris, inda 'yan watanni bayan da ƙaura Averchenko tafi, ya sami kamar shiryayye mutane. A Faransa, babu iyaka a ranar da 'yanci. A littafin na anti-Bolshevik adabi ya sa'an nan a Vogue. Kuma Averchenko rubuta da dama satirical wasu 'yan takardu kishin sabon Soviet tsarin mulki. Wadannan guda suka taru a wannan ɗaba'ar. Kuma suka kusantar da hankalin ko Lenin kansa, ya kira littafin "talented" kuma marubucin - "fushi White Guard."

Jamhuriyar Czech

A 1922 Averchenko koma Bulgaria sa'an nan a Belgrade. Bayan haka, ya zauna watanni da dama a Prague. A Jamhuriyar Czech, ya take tsiwirwirinsu shahararsa. Duk da haka, ya zuwa yanzu daga mahaifarsa ransa aka ƙara zama da wuya. A karshe, marigayi lokaci, ya rubuta da dama ayyukan kishin nostalgia for Rasha. Daya daga cikinsu - cikin labarin na "The Tragedy na Rasha marubuci."

A shekara ta 1925, marubuci ta kiwon lafiya rincabewa. Ya tiyata, wanda ya ba da wahala daga zuciya. A wannan shekara, Arkady Averchenko mutu. Rasha satirist binne a Prague hurumi. Ya karshe aikin da aka labari "Joke na Maecenas." Wannan aikin da aka rubuta shekaru biyu kafin mutuwarsa, amma da aka buga a shekara ta 1925.