Marubuci Vera Panova. Biography Panova, Vera Fedorovna

Vera Panova da aka sani zuwa zamani masu karatu yafi a matsayin malami da kuma Sergei Dovlatov hali. Ta littattafai a yau ba su karanta da yawa. The mace, a gaskiya, - wani classic na Soviet wallafe-wallafe. Vera Panova - marubuci, wanda littattafai da aka ƙaunar da janar karatu, da kuma ilimi Elite na Soviet zamanin.

Short m biography

Her aiki ya hada da rubutun, kwaikwaiyo, labarai, litattafan. Su Vera Panova kiwata zamantakewa da kuma halin kirki matsaloli ya zamanin. Yana nazarin ilimin halin dan Adam na dangantaka da haruffa. Mafi mashahuri ne da labarin "tauraron-dan adam" da "Serge" (daidai da 1946 da kuma shekarar 1955), kazalika da wa] ansu litattafan "Kruzhilikha" da kuma "Hudu Seasons" (1947 da 1953). Yana halitta a shekarar 1958 "m labari", wanda ya kasance wani hoto na ƙarni na 20s na 20th karni. Vera Panova - lashe Stalin da kuma Tarayyar Soviet Jihar Prize (sau uku - a 1947, 48 da kuma 50 years).

Iyali na Faith Fedorovna

An haife ta ne a 1905, a kan 7 ga watan Maris a birnin Rostov-on-Don. The mahaifin na gaba marubuci - wani matalauta m, kuma daga baya suka bauta wa a matsayin mataimakin akawu a Rostov banki. Lokacin da Faith ya 5 years old (a 1910), da ya mutu takaici nutsar a Don. Saboda haka Faith uwa, wanda yake music malami da sana'a, yana da tada su yara a kan wani suna fadin albashi kontorschitsy da bazawara pensions samu daga banki.

yarantaka Panova

Wuya su ne farkon shekaru na gaba Celebrity. Sun kasance a cikin bukatar da kuma talauci. Amma Panova matsahi na saba da rayuwa na gari makiyayarta, da rayuwar da na kowa mutane. Sun sabanin kwaikwayo na yara. Daga wani matashi, tare da m zane-zane na festive birnin Rostov, nan gaba marubuci, kuma ya tuna yau da kullum lardin rayuwa. Ta sami karshen da tsohon Rasha. A yakin basasa da kuma Oktoba juyin juya halin girgiza sabõda hanyarsa ta rayuwa. Duk da vicissitudes wannan m lokaci, gwada a kan kanta da kuma girma. Sau da dama ya canza da ikon a cikin birnin. Kawai a farkon 1920 ya karshe ya zama Soviet.

Panova kammala karatunsa kafin juyin juya halin Class 4 makaranta. Don ci gaba da horo da za a yi watsi saboda rashin kudi. Home yarinya tsunduma a kai-ilimi. Ta karanta abubuwa da yawa, sosai farkon fara rubuta wakoki.

A farko ayyukansu

Panova Vera Fedorovna shekaru 17 buga a kai a kai a cikin jaridu kamar "Soviet ta Kudu", "The matasa na Don", "Labor gudana cikin Don" da sauransu. Ta buga a karkashin pseudonym V. Staroselskaya (surname mijinta marubuci) da kuma Vera Veltman da yawa m labarbaru, articles, makala, rubutu. A wannan satirical mafi kyau daga cikin alkalami na matasa marubuci ( "Capital na haruffa," "fig leaf", "Babban firist," "likitan dabbobi-Chernigov", "shari'ã baiwa", "Uku fita"). Wadannan wallafe kawo Vera Panova farko gida daraja. Ba su zama a banza, da kuma karfafa kerawa, da barin wani bakin ciki shãmaki na ci mutumci da kuma dabara irony, wanda daga baya zai zama ba a cikin da dama na shahara ayyukansu.

Saba da wallafe-wallafen da'irar

Domin shekaru masu yawa, aikin jarida ya zauna wata babbar aikin Panova. Kamawa da shi, ta hadu da Alexander Fadeyev, J. Hughes, B. Stavsky, N. Pogodin a ofisoshin jaridar. Mun zo zuwa Rostov A. Mariengof, Mayakovsky, Lunacharsky, S. Yesenin. Vera Panova yi aiki har cikin tsakiyar 30-ies a yara mujallu da jaridu Rostov ( "Kakakin", "wuta", "Lenin ta jikoki").

Motsi zuwa Ukraine

A cikin hunturu 1934-1935, da rabo daga cikin marubuci ya faru a wani ban tausayi juyo. A ƙarya zargin, ya aka kama B. Vakhtin, mata biyu da miji. Tsoron tsananta, Panova Vera Fedorovna koma tare da yara a cikin Ukraine, a cikin Poltava yankin (kauyen Shishaki). Ga ta rubuta waqoqi game da bala'i a wani unequal gwagwarmaya tare da Spanish yan Republican Franco.

Drama Panova

An juya ta zama wani karfi sha'awa cikin wasan kwaikwayo Vera Feodorovna. Ya bayyana cikin ta m aiki. Lokacin da Vera Panova, biography wanda aka bayyana, a wannan labarin, a 1933 ya koma Birnin Leningrad, ta dauki tsanani da matsaloli na wasan kwaikwayo. A kwaikwaiyo na pre-yaki "Ilya Kosogor" da "A cikin tsohon Moscow" (daidai da - 1939 da kuma 1940) Panov ya juya zuwa ga shekaru gabanin juyin juya halin - ga image na tsakiyar aji hanyar rayuwa, da mazaunan suka zauna da rai, kuma a cikin m shekaru. A Moscow, cikin play tafi a kan mataki a cikin 1940, mai ba da umarni Yu.Zavadskogo. Ta anã karanta Leningrad Theater. Pushkin kafin yaki (darektan - Vivien L.).

The Great Patriotic War a cikin rãyuwar marubuci

Panova Great Patriotic War, ya gana a garin Pushkin, dake kusa da Birnin Leningrad. Ba ni da lokacin da su fice kafin zuwa na Jamus Vera Panova. Biography na marubuci a lokacin yaki tasowa kamar haka. Tare da wani yaro (a cikin Ukraine, Shishak, ya kasance biyu yara) Panova kai tare da wahala ga Ukrainian kauyen. Daga bisani kwaikwayo na wannan hanya ake nuna a cikin play kira "Blizzard", kazalika da latest autobiographical labari da Vera Panova "A rayuwata, littattafai da kuma masu karatu." A shagaltar da ƙasa, a kauyen Vera farko hannun samu zurfin na bala'i mutane. Daga wannan gwajin, shi ya fito abi'a taurare, cike da sababbin manufofi.

Canja wuri zuwa Perm, da labarin "tauraron-dan adam"

Panova gudanar karshen 1943 zuwa motsawa daga Ukraine zuwa Perm. Wannan birni taka muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwar ta kamar yadda yake a nan, a cikin wording na daya daga cikin jaridu, ta bai wa aikin je kamar yadda wani dan jarida a wani asibiti jirgin kasa domin rubuta wani tafiya kasida a kan sakamakon da gwaninta na ma'aikatan. Saboda haka da labarin "tauraron-dan adam" da aka kafa a shekarar 1946, shi ne daya daga cikin mafi kyau ayyukan marubuci, ya zama wani classic na adabi na Soviet lokaci. Sa'an nan Panova dauki kungiyar Soviet Writers.

Labarin ya zama m abin mamaki a duniya na wallafe-wallafe. Shi ne mai babbar nasarar da masu karatu. A samfurin - kawai da gaskiya, ba wani digo na ƙarya. Panova shekara daga baya za a bayar da da Stalin Prize - da wata ãyã daga jama'a fitarwa. "Tauraron dan adam," kamar yadda aka sani, ya yaba Stalin kansa. By Panova nasara zo gwada da marigayi halarta a karon na duk-Union marubuci dauki a lokacin da ta riga a cikin forties.

Vera Panova, wani photo da aka gabatar a farkon wannan labarin ya gudanar ya halicci kananan amma ban sha'awa gallery na haruffa. Raba surori suna kishin heroes, "Yulia Dmitrieva," "Dr. Belov," "Lena", "Daniel". "Tauraron-dan adam" ta yi - da sarkar na hoto gajejjeran labaru cewa haifar da ganuwa ga mai karatu-sikelin, cikakke art aikin.

"Evdokia"

A shekarar 1945, marubuci Vera Panova halitta na farko labarin - "Family Pie Shop" ( "Evdokia" kamar yadda aka gyara a shekarar 1959). "Evdokia" Panova yana karkata zuwa ga la'akari da hakikanin halarta a karon a cikin adabi tun da farko lokacin rubuta a cikin ta saba hanya.

"Kruzhilikha"

Roman "Kruzhilikha" ya zo daga a 1947. Ya gaya labarin game da mutane da Ural wartime factory. "Kruzhilikha" - wani labari game da wani aiki kauye da ake kira Motovilikha. Babban samfurin da rikici faruwa tsakanin Listopad, darektan na ma'aikata, da Uzdechkin, da kungiyoyin kwadago shugaban. Shĩ ne, sabanin mafi yawan sauran ayyuka na ga Genre na "samarwa" litattafan, a cikin halin kirki Sphere. Yana da wannan gefe "Kruzhilikha" taso rigima da kuma mafi girma shakka a yawa tattaunawa. Duk da haka, da marubuci Vera Panova a cikin wannan aikin ya kasance gaskiya to kanta: shi ne ko da yaushe m da kuma sha'awar a halin kirki al'amurran da suka shafi. Daga cikin muhimmi halaye na mutane dogara a kan duk "m".

m aiki

Panova, Vera Fedorovna, biography wanda mu ke da sha'awar a cikin wadannan shekaru, Halicci jerin litattafan da gajejjeran labaru: "Bright baki", "m Romance", "Seasons" (daidai da - 1949, 1958 da kuma 1953).

Story "Sergei," da aka rubuta a shekarar 1955 Ode da jerin ayyukan game da yara: "Boy da Girl", "Vladimir", "Val" da sauransu.

A allo karbuwa "Sergei"

Wannan kadan labarin da ya ja hankalin masu Igor Talankin da Georgy Danelia, matasa film gudanarwa. Sun bayar da marubuci su shiga a samar da rubutun. Laifin nasara ne eponymous fim. Ya samu a cikin Karlovy bambanta International Film Festival, Grand Prix. Fi dacewa saka a cikin litattafan Panova cinema narke, kamar yadda aka located in tsakiyar mutum rai, ba jihar da injuna.

Aiki a kan tarihi da jigogi

Marubuci Panova a 'yan shekarun nan ya fara haifar da ayyuka a tarihi jigogi. Ta rubuta cewa short labaru kishin tsoho Rasha, Ivanu Groznomu, da lokacin da matsaloli. Su aka buga a buga a 1966 a littafin da ake kira "Faces alfijiri." A cewar marubucin, an yi amfani da "sura m" a tarihi hotuna da kuma zane-zane. Panorama labarai kunshi mutum wani ɓaɓɓake daga baya. Analogs da kuma cike da allusions to waɗannan ayyuka. Marubuci tura masu karatu don ya yi tunani, misãlai. Manyan theme ya kasance matsalar daga cikin mutane da kuma gwamnatin, ga zãlunci da ƙẽtare alhakin al'umma da kuma jihar. Panova karshe littafin da aka buga a shekarar 1975, bayan ta mutuwa. Shi ke kira "A rayuwata, littattafai da kuma masu karatu."

Fassara zuwa cikin harsuna da yawa daga cikin manyan ayyukan Vera Panova.

'yan shekarun nan

Bayan takara a Congress of Soviet Writers, a lokacin rani na 1967, Panova koma zuwa Birnin Leningrad, daga Moscow ne sosai gaji, amma duk da haka ya ci gaba da aiki. Tabbatar da m sakamakon: da marubuci ya sha wahala a bugun jini, daga abin da sauran rayuwarsa ba zai warke. Amma a cikin wadannan cuta ta duhunta da shekaru ta nuna babban karfin da nufin da kuma ci gaba da aiki.

Marubuci Panova Vera Fedorovna haifar da sabon kwaikwaiyo, m biography of Muhammad (annabi), tarihi miniatures. Yana da aka a wannan lokacin da aka rubuta wasu shafukan na memoirs litattafan.

Saba da Sergei Dovlatov

Sergei Dovlatov rayu a cikin wannan gidan tare da marubuci. Ya kasance mai railer mutum. Halinsa, duk abin da ya rubuta game da wani, a tabbatar nan da nan ya zama gwarzo ne ba sosai m comic wasan kwaikwayo. Vera Panova san Dovlatov. Ya yi aiki a cikin marigayi '60s da wallafe-wallafen sakataren marubuci. Panova a shafukan da litattafan misalta halin kirki norms. Ba wanda kalma mummũnã aka ce game da shi. Wannan shi ne kawai tabbatacce hali a duk aiki Dovlatov.

mutuwa Panova

Vera F. rasu a shekarar 1973, 3 ga watan Maris. Marubuci binne shi a Birnin Leningrad, ya, a cikin wani hurumi a Komarovo.

A cikin facade daga gidan, located a cikin Champ de Mars, 7, shi ne wani commemorative dutse plaque cewa ya ce daga shekara ta 1948 zuwa 1970, ya yi aiki a nan, kuma ya rayu Vera Fedorovna Panova. A ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar da marubuci shi ne mai suna bayan da daya daga cikin mafi kyau wurare na Leningrad.