Mayakovsky ta kerawa. Satire a cikin ayyukan Mayakovsky

Babu sauran ayyukan Rasha kasida ba abound tare da irony da izgili, a matsayin aikin Vladimira Vladimirovicha Mayakovskogo. Satire marubuci unusually kaifi, Topical kuma mafi yawa zamantakewa manufofin.

sada bayanai

Mayakovsky ya gida zuwa Jojiya. Yana yana can, a kauyen birnin Bagadaza, da kuma aka haife kan Yuli 17, 1893 nan gaba mawãƙi ne. A shekarar 1906, bayan rasuwar tsohonsa, ya koma Moscow tare da mahaifiyarta da kuma 'yan'uwa mãtã. Ga aiki siyasa matsayin sau da yawa aika zuwa kurkuku. Ƙare da Stroganov School. Duk da yake har yanzu a dalibi fara wani futuristic hanyar Mayakovsky. Satire - tare da m da bravado - zama da hallmark na da shayari.

Duk da haka, Futurism, tare da nihilistic zanga-zanga iya ba da cikakken saukar da cikakken karfi na marubuci ta kalmomi na Mayakovsky, da jigogi na waqoqi da sauri ya fara wuce zaba shugabanci. More kuma mafi daga gare su za a iya ji a cikin zaman jama'a subtext. Pre-neman sauyi lokaci a Mayakovsky ta shayari yana da biyu jinsin yankunan: accusatory, wani satirical, bude duk shortcomings da lahani na Tsarist Rasha. m, bi da m gaskiya ya halaka wani mutum wanda ya} unshi jajircewar da manufa na dimokuradiyya da kuma humanism.

Saboda haka, satire a cikin ayyukan Mayakovsky a cikin sosai farkon matakai na kerawa ya zama hallmark na mawãƙi tsakanin 'yan'uwa da wallafe-wallafen bitar.

Mene ne Futurism?

The kalmar "Futurism" da aka samu daga Latin futurum, ma'ana "a nan gaba." Don haka ya kira avant-garde shugabanci na farkon na XX karni, halin da musu na baya nasarori da kuma son haifar da wani abu halin sabon in art.

Features na Futurism:

• Rashin tsari da kuma tawaye.
• Musu daga al'adun.
• Namo na ci gaba da kuma masana'antu.
• M da pathos.
• Negation na kafa dokoki na versification.
• Gwaje-gwajen a cikin filin wakoki tare da rhyme, launi, da mayar da hankali a kan taken.
• Halittar sabon kalmomi.

Duk wadannan ka'idoji ba za a iya fi nuna a cikin shayari na Mayakovsky. Satire organically gudana a cikin wadannan firtsi da kuma haifar da wani musamman style muhimmi ga mawãƙi ne.

Mene ne satire?

Satire - a hanyar da m kwatancin gaskiya, wanda aikin kunshi a fallasa, izgili, m-bugawa zargi na zaman jama'a mamaki. Satire sau da yawa yana amfani da hyperbole da grotesque don ƙirƙirar wani gurbata siffar wani matukar personifying mummuna gefe na gaskiya. Its main alama - wani furta korau hali ga wanda aka nuna.

Ado fuskantarwa na satire ne babban namo bil'adama dabi'u: kirki, da adalci, da gaskiya, kyakkyawa.

A Rasha adabi, satire yana da dogon tarihi, saiwoyinsa za a iya samu riga a almara, ta daga baya ya kaura zuwa kauyen littattafan godiya ga A. P. Sumarokovu, DI Fonvizin, da kuma waɗansu da yawa. A XX karni ikon satire Mayakovsky babu irinta a wakoki.

Satire a cikin aya ta

Tuni a farkon matakai na Vladimir Mayakovsky hada kai tare da mujallu "New Satyricon" da "Satyricon." Satire na Romantic lokaci, yana mai plaque da aka directed a kan bourgeoisie. Farkon waqe na mawãƙi sau da yawa idan aka kwatanta da Lermontov saboda 'yan adawa na marubucin "I" kewaye jama'a, saboda pronounced tawaye Loneliness. Ko da yake su a fili gabatar da wani satire na Mayakovsky. Ayoyi kusa futuristic saituna, sosai asali. Daga cikinsu akwai: "Ga kai ne!", "Waƙar ga masanin kimiyya", "Waƙar ga hukunci," "Waƙar zuwa abincin dare," da dai sauransu Tuni a cikin sosai title na aikin, musamman da "waka", ji da irony ...

Post-neman sauyi kerawa Mayakovsky abruptly ta sauya fuskantarwa. Yanzu ya haruffa - ba da-ciyar da bourgeois, kuma makiyan juyin juya halin. Poems ake complemented Banners kuma yakin posters, nuna da suke kewaye da canje-canje. Akwai mawãƙi tabbatar da matsayin artist, tun da yawa aikin kunshi cikin layi da kuma zane. Wadannan posters sun shiga jerin "windows Ci Gaban". Su haruffa - m manoma da ma'aikata, da fata da kuma bourgeoisie. Mutane da yawa posters la'anta da mũnãnan ayyuka na mu lokacin, wanda ya kasance daga baya rai, kamar yadda da post-neman sauyi jama'a Mayakovsky alama manufa, da kuma dukan munanan abubuwa a cikinsa - da saurã daga baya.

Daga cikin shahararrun ayyuka, wanda ya kai ta koli satire Mayakovsky - waka "Prozasedavshiesya", "A da sharan" "waka na yanka na Baba da fadi da sikelin." A mawãƙi amfani da grotesque don ƙirƙirar m yanayi da kuma sau da yawa ya yi aikin tare da m matsayi da kowa fahimtar gaskiya. Duk da ikon satire Mayakovsky da nufin fallasa ƙarara da musakai na duniya.

Satire a cikin plays

Satire a Mayakovsky ta kerawa ba iyakance ga waqe, shi bayyana kanta a cikin play, zama a gare su ji-cibiyar. Mafi shahara daga cikinsu - yana da "Bug" da "wanka."

A play "Banya" da aka rubuta a 1930, kuma tun lokacin da definition ta Genre fara marubucin irony, "wani wasan kwaikwayo a shida ayyukan da circus da wasan wuta." Muwafaka da shi ne a cikin 'yan adawa ga hukuma Pobedonosikova da kuma kirkiro Chudakov. A kanta, da samfurin ana riskarsa da sauki kuma fun, amma shi ne mai gwagwarmaya tare da m da m burokrasi. taka cikin rikici ya ƙullu sosai kawai: daga nan gaba zo "phosphoric mace" da kuma daukan mafi kyau na bil'adama da shi a can, inda akwai kwaminisanci, kuma bureaucrats kasance tare da kome ba.

A play "Bug" da aka rubuta a shekara ta 1929, kuma a cikin kauyuka Mayakovsky jangwalo yaki da philistinism. A protagonist, Pierre Skripkin, bayan wani gaza aure ta hanyar mu'ujiza da dama a cikin kwaminisanci nan gaba. Ba shi yiwuwa a fahimci dangantakar zuwa duniyar Mayakovsky. Satire mawãƙi damƙar ridicules ta flaws: aikin yi ta hanyar inji, soyayya kauda ... Skripkin nan alama mafi rai da gaskiya mutum. Ƙarƙashin ikonsa al'umma a hankali ya fara karya saukar.

ƙarshe

Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky zama na kirki magaji na hadisai na Saltykov-Shchedrin, kuma N. V. Gogolya. A waqe da kwaikwaiyo da ya kulawa a daidai gane duk "sores" da kuma rashin amfani da zamani al'umma marubuci. Satire a cikin ayyukan Mayakovsky yana da wani pronounced mayar da hankali a kan yaki da philistinism, da bourgeoisie, da burokrasi, da Wauta na duniya da kuma ta dokoki.