Mene ne jumlar? Misalan phrases a jumla. Siffofin sadarwa a phrases

Akwai tambayoyi, amsar da cewa a bayyane yake. Mene ne jumlar? Zai ze cewa definition muhimmi a cikin tsarin da lokaci. A hade da kalmomi - abin da kuma? Wannan ne haka, duk da haka, da cikakken definition sauti a bit wuya.

definition

The magana a Rasha harshen, kazalika a wani, yana da ginin kalma, kunsha na wani babban da kuma dogara da aka gyara da suke inherently notional sassa na magana da nasaba. Ba kowane biyu daga kalmomin Forms da irin wannan tsarin. Akwai kuma adalci bond, misali, tsakanin batu da kuma predicate, wanda ba wata jumla, da kuma riga sa up wani nau'in Dalili na shawara. Shape nan gaba siga na fi'ili, da digiri na kwatanta manufofi, sunaye da prepositions da kuma salon maganarsu, kuma, ba phrases. Wannan shi ne tabbatar da za a gani a syntactic parsing sentences.

Akwai rarrabuwa na phrases dangane da sanda ko da babban bangaren. Ware jinsin kamar fi'ili, siffa, da kuma adverbial gudunmawata tsarin. Su ne core aka gyara su ne, bi da bi, fi'ili, wani siffa, a cikin na uku harka - wani suna, wani wakilin suna ko wani adadi, da kuma a cikin Lãhira, - wani yar bab ko wani siffa a cikin kamanta digiri.

The bada shawarwari dogara abubuwa iya gudanar da aiki na sakandare mambobi - ma'anar, yanayi da kuma tarawa. A cewar wannan rawa, suna daya daga iri uku bisa ga rarrabẽwa na na ginin jumla dangantakar. Rabuwa auku daidai da attributive, adverbial phrases da abu. By yawan aka gyara an rarrabe sauki da kuma hadadden iri. Amma me ya sa muke bukatar su?

Da muhimmancin da dogara da bangaren

Yana da wuya a bayyana tunaninsa ya, ya bar kawai jumla batu da kuma predicate. Bugu da kari ya rasa wani gagarumin rabo daga ciki, kama kayayyaki bayyana bushe da featureless. Irin bada shawarwari, a cikin abin da babu sakandare mambobi, da ake kira Non-yaduwa. Ko da idan kana so ka yi magana a taƙaice kuma a fili kamar yadda zai yiwu, misali, a cikin shirye-shiryen da rahoton ko bayar da rahoton, ba tare da ma'anar, yanayi da kuma kari yi ne da wuya sosai. Abin da ya ce game da wani conversational style, wanda aka kai a kai amfani da darajar hukuntanka. Bugu da kari, su ba ka damar yin shi more Tsayayyar, kyau da kuma mai jiwuwa.

Hulda da kalmar phrases

Mene ne ainihin harshen naúrar? Maganar ra'ayi lokaci. Daga cikin wadannan ne phrases da sentences. Shi ne ta hanyar su mutane ra'ayinsu. A wannan yanayin - abin da yake cikin magana? Eh, mana, shi ne wani dam da dama Concepts, amma shi da mafi yawa ya yi aikin mai suna aiki. Idan aka kwatanta da kalma ta bada karin cikakken bayani har ma fiye da m. Wato, da magana na ginin jumla aiki ya ta'allaka ne tsakanin nominative da bukatar. A da ginshikin, shi ne na musamman da harshen raka'a, hada da halaye na biyu daya da kuma sauran.

A dangane da tsari phrases

Mutane ra'ayinsu amfani sentences. Kuma suna da babban m syntactic naúrar. A jumlar bai bayyana cikakken tunani, ba shi da manufar da kalamai, kazalika da na ginin jumla cikawa da kuma wasu sauran fasali. A general, kamar yadda aka ambata riga, yana da wajen nominative aiki da cewa yana sanya shi kusa da nominative. Yankin jumloli da sentences iya zama homonymous, watau sauti guda, amma daidai da juna, da suka so ba, saboda tsohon ne bã tãre da nahawu kayan yau da kullum.

Dalili na syntactic mahallin

Saboda gaskiya da wani ɓangare na magana za a iya conjugated ko ramammu, kazalika da Take sauran siffofin, yana yiwuwa yin phrases da sentences. A collocations tsakanin aka gyara akwai wasu ƙarƙashin dangane dangane lexical da nahawu kaddarorin da mutum abubuwa. Ko da a cikin wannan jumla, wannan syntactic naúrar iya zama a daban-daban da maki yi da rawa a matsayin shugaban makaranta da kuma dogara a bangaren. Saboda haka, tsari da ciwon game phrases da juna saboda wannan, kuma ma saboda bambancin jinsi, shi ya dubi m da kuma ma'ana. Wannan yadda aka gina.

sadarwa Systems

Masana harshe ya zama ruwan dare irin 3: daidaituwa, management, da kuma contiguity. Duk wadannan siffofin sadarwa a phrases da nasu halaye da kuma halaye. Mai bayyananniya zai parse su misali, kalmar "The kadan yarinya ne a guje da sauri a kan ball."

Harmonization ne halin da cewa, kamar yadda mai mulkin, a matsayin dogara memba protrudes siffa. Lokacin da canza sanda biyu bangaren kuma canza. To, abin da yake cikin jumlar babu wata wahala a kayyade irin na sadarwa. An misali ne "kadan yarinya," idan ka canza hali na babban kashi, "mace", sa'an nan canza hali da kuma dogara da bangaren daidai da shi.

Management - wani irin na sadarwa. Lokacin da ta dogara da bangaren kuma sami wasu nau'i, amma a cikin declension ko Tasrifu na sanda memba, ya bai canza ba. Misali - "guje bayan da ball." Babban kashi iya daukar duk wani nau'i, amma idan akwai dogara kalmomi kasance canzawa - ablative. Wannan irin na sadarwa da nufin, idan ya cancanta, da yin amfani da prepositions, musamman a cikin tsarin "fi'ili + suna" ko "suna + suna", bi da bi "taka kwallon kafa" da "karanta littattafai".

A karshe, wani view - contiguity. Yawanci, tsarin da phrases da wannan yana nufin sadarwa ne - "fi'ili + yar bab". Misali - "a guje da sauri". Babu canje-canje ga dogara da kalmar ba ya faruwa a matsayin yar bab bai sauya ba, don haka da cewa dangane ne kawai na ginin jumla, ba tare da nahawu bangaren. Morphological dogara ne mãsu fakowa ba.

coordinative bond

Wasu masana ilimin harsuna gane da wanzuwar phrases wanda suke daidai aka gyara. Coordinative bond, misali, halin da uniform mambobi suka kasance a daya daga wani core kashi. Duk da haka, ya kamata a tuna da cewa, wannan magana ba tare da dogara a bangaren da aka ba a gane a Rasha harshen da Ana daukarsa a matsayin irin wannan kawai karamin yawan masana ilimin harsuna.

Nagartaccen iri sadarwa

Duk da gagarumin bambance-bambance a cikin halayyar fasali na daidaituwa, management da kuma mararraba, ba ko da yaushe zai yiwu a fili rarrabe tsakanin su. Alal misali, akwai syntactically free kuma ba-free (m) haduwa. Na farko da kungiyar, sũ ne waɗanda cewa za ta iya daukar rabu cikin ta bijiro da batun kafa da aka gyara, amma a karo na biyu idan ne mafi rikitarwa. Syntactically ba-free magana ba za a iya rushe cikin abubuwa, kamar yadda suka rasa su da ma'ana. Daga cikin irin misalai ne " 'yan'uwa biyu mãtã", "mai yawa sarari," "wata hours" da sauransu. D. A tsari da kalmomin irin wannan ne parsed ba tare da raba matsala phrases a cikin abubuwa. Wannan ne, a cikin wannan yanayin, shi ana riskarsa kamar guda naúrar.

Af, raba sassa na jumla, kamar wadanda ke da hannu gudun da attributive magana, duk da m fasali na syntactic mahallin na kiyayewa ba zai iya zama wani ɓangare na magana. Dangantaka tsakanin dogara da matukar core sassa zama polupredikativny, cewa shi ne mafi ãdalci. Duk da cewa kowa definition, da hannu a yawa da aka bayyana a lambar da hali ta yi daidai da babban bangaren, shi ne kawai da morphological dangantaka da tserar da mutunci da shawara.