Mene ne tsarin fasali na gansakuka? A tsarin da gansakuka "Kukushkin flax"

Mene ne tsarin fasali na gansakuka? Bisa ga tsarin, sun yi kama da tsiren ruwan teku, amma, sabanin su, yawancin jinsuna na mosses da zangarniya kuma ganye. Rhizoids kama tushen taimaka musu su zauna a farfajiya da kuma sha ruwa. Domin mosses halin da fairly fadi da kewayon habitats. Mafi yawansu ba su fi son m, Inuwa wurare, sau da yawa a kusa da tushe daga itatuwa. Amma akwai wadanda suke son haske, kuma girma a matsayin epiphytes a jikin rassan bishiyoyi ko a bude bangarori kamar rairayin bakin teku da kuma lãka hanya baki. All sphagnum ko peat mosses girma a cikin tabkuna da kuma Marshes inda tsaye ruwa duk shekara zagaye.

bayyanar

Mai mosses - karamin, kore tsirrai masu ganye, a haɗe da ƙasa, da haushi bishiyoyi ko kankara tare da bakin ciki thread-kamar tushen kira rhizoids. Wasu jinsunan iya samun guda kafa mai tushe, yayin da wasu sun branched mai tushe da kuma kama mai taushi kore kafet, rufe da ƙasa. A New Zealand, mafi girma gansakuka tsiro (Dawson Superba), kai wani tsawo na rabin mita, amma mafi jinsunan isa game 1-2 santimita a tsawo.

Survival a matsananci yanayi

Wadannan master anabiosis kamar mosses, zai iya tsayayya da high zafin jiki (70 ° C) ga wata shafe tsawon lokaci, da kuma tare da mai da danshi da suka dawo zuwa rayuwa sake. Wannan abu ne mai ban nau'i na rayuwa za su yi girma a cikin zurfin, zurfin gandun daji da kuma kogwanni inda hasken tsanani ne ishe m girma na wani kore shuka. A babban Arctic mosses ne daya daga cikin 'yan shuka siffofin da cewa zai iya tsira hallakaswa sanyi. Mutane da yawa jinsunan iya zama da amfani a wuya a kai fasa da crevices inda mafi shuke-shuke kawai ba zai iya tsira. Ba su mutu ko a lokacin da ya bushe. A bushe lokaci, su metabolism Yana saukar har sai da ruwan sama ba dawo a lokacin da aka fara sake, kuma duka da rayuwa ta ayyuka suna mayar. Wannan taimaka musamman mosses tsarin. Wadannan m shuke-shuke suna dauke su a cikin na farko da suka ci gaba da ikon rayuwa a ƙasar.

ubiquitous rigingimu

Bayar gansakuka spores iya tafiya mai nisa a cikin iska da kuma zama mai yiwuwa ga shekarun da suka gabata. Bayan gano ta'aziyya da suka shirya da kuma za a fara samar da m filaments. Daga spores germinate filaments cewa an haɗe zuwa surface ta wajen rhizoids. A tsarin wakilta gansakuka gametophyte, wanda ya hada da kara da kuma ganye, inda photosynthesis ne da za'ayi, a lokacin da hasken rana da aka tuba a cikin wani gina jiki makamashi. Mene ne tsarin fasali na gansakuka? Mosses da cikakken leaf maimakon a kan tushe shirya spirally kankanin appendages a cikin nau'i na lebur flakes ko flakes.

Mosses: tsarin da haifuwa

Ko da yake mosses ba Bloom, wasu iri harbe tare da namiji al'aurar iya kama kananan kore flower kawunansu. Sake bugun auku a bude iska, shi da yake a ɓõye a cikin flower. Anterozoidy samuwa a kananan jakunkuna, domin takin kwai na makwabtaka da Kwayoyin. Da kara yana da wani spore kwantena, da ake kira sporangia, shi iya nuna up zuwa miliyan spores. Ripening daukan wuri a karkashin musamman shafi wadda ta kafe, kuma da dama a kashe a lokacin da ba da ake bukata. Balaga da spores ana saki da kuma barin kwantena ta samar da sabon shuke-shuke.
Mosses ba kawai ya dogara ne a kan jima'i haifuwa. Gametophytes ne na musamman sel da bukukuwa a haɗe zuwa gare su. Idan daya daga cikin pbokovyh obegov kashe karya, cewa daya sauki Kwayoyin ya ishe ta samar da wani sabon daya. Wannan tsiraru da tabbatar da rayuwa da shuke-shuke a karkashin m yanayi. Features na tsarin gansakuka, sauki zane da kuma 'yan hanyoyi na haifuwa damar da su zuwa sami da mazauninsu ko'ina daga Arctic Circle ekweita. Shi ne abin mamaki barga, kuma m shuka.

Biology da Juyin Halitta

Akwai jita-jitar cewa cikin mosses ne magabata na duk terrestrial shuke-shuke. Modern kimiyya ya gano fiye da 10 000 jinsunan da aka saba da fadi da dama habitats, daga jeji zuwa ruwa a jikinsu. Duk da cewa Moss tsarin fasali mai sauki, gametophytes dauke da daban-daban na Kwayoyin. A mayar da martani ga dehydration, sabunta Kwayoyin raba da kuma bambance a cikin m, Shades Kwayoyin cewa sha Programmed cell mutuwa. Rayuwa dawo bayan lokacin da shuka ta shiga sharadi gwargwado. Mosses gudanar ya ci gaba da m al'amurran da sifar tantanin halitta da kuma abun da ke ciki, kazalika da wani ban mamaki ikon daidaita cewa ya yarda da su zuwa populate da dama wuraren.

Features na tsarin

Mene ne tsarin fasali na gansakuka? A tsarin hada da wani tushe, ganye, da kuma axillary gashi rizoiday. Da kara ana hada da kananan epidermal Kwayoyin m, da kuma conductive bakin ciki-walled parenchyma Kwayoyin Kwayoyin. Conductive Kwayoyin hada hydroids da leptoidy. A ganye yawanci hada da guda Layer na sel, fãce jijiyoyinmu da kuma filayen wanda na iya kunshi dama yadudduka na bambanta Kwayoyin. A kara a can sporophyte, sporangia, spores, wanda kuma ya kunshi musamman cell iri.

Abũbuwan amfãni gansakuka tsarin

Mene ne tsarin fasali na gansakuka, mun samu, kuma a yanzu ya kamata la'akari da tsarin da abũbuwan amfãni. Tun mosses samun duk gina jiki daga iska, kamar yadda na ainihi tushen suna da, wannan undemanding shuka kawai inuwa ake bukata, acid ƙasa da isasshen danshi. A fĩfĩta mazauninsu ne m kasa da low gina jiki matakan. Bugu da kari ga mai kyau karbuwa daga adaptability, mosses da mai kyau ikon sarrafa babban kundin na masana'anta kunsha na sel guda type, kazalika da sauri farfadowa daga protoplasts cell bango.

Kukushkin flax

A tsarin da gansakuka Kukushkin flax talakawa nuna bakin ciki brownish mai tushe, densely rufe da kananan duhu kore ganye. Yana da wani perennial shuka sau da yawa rufe damp wurare m kafet, da ake amfani da likita dalilai. Kukushkin flax girma a cikin tundra, dausayi, duwãtsu, gandun daji da kuma natsuwa. Yana Forms wani matashi na Turf ko garwaya a cikin daya m m alfarwa. Perennial leafy gansakuka tushe ne quite manyan. A cikin ƙananan ɓangare na kara rhizoids ci gaba (analog m Tushen).

Next ne babban kwance tushe ba tare da ganye. Sa'an nan, wata na biyu kafa kara tsawon na 15 cm. The mutum lokutta iya isa 30 cm. A sakandare kara densely rufe da semblance ganye. A ciki tsarin gansakuka Kukushkin wakilci m jijiyoyin bugun gini tsarin ta hanyar abin da ruwa da kuma gina jiki motsawa ta kara da ganye. Wasu kara Kwayoyin ne elongated kuma suna da alaka nau'i-nau'i, an yi nufinsu ne na musamman ga karusa daga ruwa. A ƙananan ganye a kan kara ba ci gaba, amma zama a cikin nau'i na flakes.