Mi-28N "Night Hunter": fasaha bayani dalla-dalla da kuma hotuna

Attack jirage masu saukar ungulu na duniya tun bayan da aka jefa a kan fagen (kamar yadda ya faru a cikin shekaru na yakin duniya na II) sun halartar babban canje-canje. Shugabannin sojoji a cikin waɗancan kwanaki ba su ba shi muhimmanci sosai, ba da muhimmancin sababbin shiga: Rotary-reshe jirgin sama amfani da farko domin fitarwa na rauni daga m yankunan da fronts. Wannan shi ne hali a Korea. Abubuwa fara canza a Vietnam, inda US Army ya yi amfani da wadannan inji kai farmaki ƙasa hari, to ba su da kananan makamai da kuma roka da makamai, sa'an nan samu da harin farko jirage masu saukar ungulu. Similar metamorphosis faru a cikin tarayyar Soviet, ko da yake tare da wasu bambance-bambance a cikin m. Daga qarshe, da Soviet soja kwararru sun gane da abũbuwan amfãni daga cikin American layi na buga gaban Rotary-reshe jirgin sama. A sakamakon canza m na cikin gida da jirgin sama masana'antun zama Mi-28N. A lokacin an dauke mafi kyau a cikin aji. Wannan shi ne daidai hali a lokacin da shi yiwuwa a "cim da kuma cimma."

stormtroopers

A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, da babban wajen gano buga a hedkwatar, sadarwa cibiyoyin, tank ginshikan da sauran gwada da kananan hari sun jirgin sama hari. A na farko ban tausayi kwana na yaki a kan shugabannin mu sojoji jẽfa ragargaza "Junkers-87", wanda ya m fadin jirgin yi, amma cikakken yi amfanin da mamaki. Created KB Ilyushin "Flying Tank" Il-2 da wani yawan abũbuwan amfãni a kwatanta da Jamusanci analogue, sarki tsakanin abin da yake mai girma da nishaxi, saboda saukin m layout da kuma nauyi makamai, hade tare da firam-hali aikin. A cikin aikace-aikace na jiragen sama kamar yadda stormtroopers nan babu wanda ko da mafarki, wadannan jiragen sama da aka sani mafi matsayin m m, na kadan amfani ga soja dalilai. Bayan biyu shekarun da suka gabata na helikofta zai gaji mafi kyau fasali na "Flying Tank" kuma zai zama babban mai daukan hankali naúrar na iska goyon bayan sojojin a lokacin dabara ayyukan.

"Huey" da "gamsheka"

Uh-1 "kabilar Iroquois", kira American sojoji "Huey", godiya ta zuwa ga halaye, shi ya zama daya da ya fi salla-samar a cikin tarihin 'yan adam masu saukar ungulu. Shi ne abin dogara, sauki ta yi aiki, na iya kawo mai yawa a cikin wani karamin kunshin dangi. Wannan Multi-manufa helikofta, amfani da shi a matsayin wajen saukowa, tashi "motar asibiti" truck, ko iska. Har ila yau, uh-1 aiki a matsayin wata wuta goyon bayan ayyuka, amma da wani cikakken fledged "ɗan ganga" sunansa ya ba. Dalilin da shigewa na "Huey" shi ne rashin makamai kariya - shi da kawai da matukin jirgi ta wurin zama da kuma man fetur tanki. Duk da haka nasara tsari da kuma iko propulsion an yi amfani da wani inji, "gamsheka» AH-1 ci gaba da wannan kamfanin, "Bell". Predatory kunkuntar fuselage aka maye gurbinsu da wani "jiki", "Huey", da matukan jirgin, an located a jummai, daya bayan da wasu, ya raba da su ayyuka. A wannan lokacin, daya tuki cikin mota, na biyu nemi da kuma halakar da abokan gaba. More in da mota babu wurin da kowa ba, duk da amfani nauyi ci makamai da kuma makamai. Fama helikofta Mi-28N a primary kewaye da aka gina wannan hanya.

A Soviet hanya na ci gaba da fama jirage masu saukar ungulu

A halin yanzu, a cikin Soviet jirgin sama designers yi kokarin gama saukowa da kuma kai hari ayyuka a daya na'ura. Don wannan da aka amfani da wannan hanya da "wajen samo" na da ikon shuka da layout makirci, amma akai aka dauka da Mi-8, ya fi na kowa Soviet saukar ungulu. A sakamakon haka shi kullum kyau, amma da mota bai zakulu da mãsu nauyi. Mi-24 duba karin iko da kuma ban sha'awa kananan "Cobras", amma mafi ƙaranci daga gare su a cikin kalmomin sirri, capabilities secretive m zuwa ga manufa da kuma shigewa. Ko da yaushe daidai yi amfani da kwarewa da sãshe, kuma ya nuna cewa hade da biyu ayyuka a daya na'ura ba shi da kyau ga ko dai na su. Bugu da kari, domin lokaci tun da Vietnam War, Amirkawa ci gaban na tura jirage masu saukar ungulu, da samar da wani "Apache» AH-64, wanda yana da babbar bayanai fasahar kayan aiki da kuma ya zama a duniya ta farko na ra'ayi Rotary-reshe gaban-line hari da jirgin sama. Afghanistan nuna cewa sojojin na bukatar sabon fama jirage masu saukar ungulu.

Da kalubale - to gani a cikin duhu

Analogue "Apache" za a iya kira da Mi-28, wanda yana da tsakiyar 80s fara nuna Rostov helikofta Shuka. Motar yana da kyau ƙwarai a mutunta mutane da yawa m zuwa kasashen waje m. Duk da haka, da gwaninta na fama da yin amfani da jirage masu saukar ungulu da Amirkawa da dama dauke da makamai rikice-rikice bayyana da yawa na tsari flaws. Sai ya juya daga cewa yin girman unpredictably a cikin duhu ko a karkashin matalauta "Apache" ya bayyana. A lokacin "Operation Desert Storm" 'yan motoci, da US Army ya rasa saboda da karo da ƙasa kuma tare da juna, duk da samuwar dare hangen nesa tsarin. An tasiri "aiki" a cikin duhu, kuma daga cikin tambaya. A wannan matsaloli da aka tsananta, kuma tarayya da sojoji a Chechnya. A dabara na yaƙin yaƙi ne mafi tasiri kawai a dare. A cikin duhu, maƙiyi ne maneuvering, rearranges kuma Yanã kwatsam naushe, bayan wanda, kamar yadda mai mulkin, nasarar motsi tafi a cikin wani wuri. } Alubalantar wannan dabara iya kawai helikofta - "Night Hunter", wanda yake gani a cikin duhu da kuma hazo.

A sabon helikofta da babban bambanci

Na gama ofishin mai suna. Mil yana mai wuya aiki. Don samar da wani sabon mota a farkon nineties, shi ne kusan yiwu ba, shi kawai ba ya da isasshen ku] i. Dalili aka dauka Mi-28A, an kyautata gyara na Mi-28. A taron jama'a layi a shuka a Rostov shi ne kyawawa ba zuwa manyan canje-canje, da samar da riga cire kuskure. Duk da haka, da bukatar a duba yawa zane da kuma bayanai makircinsu ne riga m. Mi-28A da kuma Mi-26H sosai irin wannan a zahiri. Amma a karkashin irin wannan "bayyanar" da aka boye a babban bambanci. A canje-canje shafi babban gearbox da kuma wasu raka'a. Wani ya da lantarki da sauran gyara da kuma majalisai. Daga cikin tsohon saukar ungulu da ya rage wani iko da sulke fuselage, wasu makamai da kuma tsarin da layout. Akwai wani daki-daki, abin da rarrabe waɗannan fama jirage masu saukar ungulu. Hotuna saman na'ura, wato axis na na'ura mai juyi, nuna wani ball. Cewa akwai duk-gani "idanu" na mafarauci.

Janar gine

Glider Mi-28 da aka gina a kan ka'idodin da dacewa Ganin cewa na biyar-tsara fama jirage masu saukar ungulu. 98% na jama'ar raka'a kerarre a Rasha. The ruwan wukake an sanya na kumshin polymer kuma suna da wani uniform tsarin kazalika profiles da musamman nata irin halaye, wanda rage amo samar da su. Bushings, yawanci ba su bukatar oiling, wanda ƙwarai simplifies aiki. A aiki, designers ya tabbatar da cewa Mi-28N "Night Hunter" a kan jirgin halaye (takeoff nauyi - 10,5 t, gudun - 300 km / h, rufin - a tsaye 3600m, 6000m kuzari magance load - fiye da 2 t) ya ba na baya zuwa na asali model, iya yin aerobatics a yarda da ka'idojin aro tsari, booking da kwafi na asali m nodes. Features m ya yi da mota a kiberorganizm tare da kansa sensorics da ikon amsa nan take zuwa barazanar cewa tashi a cikin shakka daga cikin fama manufa.

ACS

A kula da tsarin ne hadedde kamar yadda zai yiwu. All data bukata don kammala aiki an nuna a kan uku fuska a kowane na biyu ya zama ruwan dare bukkoki. Bayani aiki ne da za'ayi uku jirgin kwamfuta da mahara na gefe sarrafawa. A dubawa yana da wani bude gine da ta sa shi sauki canza aiki ayyuka. Ergonomics bukkokin kyautata.

A Mi-28N "Night Hunter" kanta ma'anar da kansa tsarawa. A saboda wannan dalili shi yana karɓa duk tsarin kula da bayanai daga waje haƙiƙa kafofin: thermal na'urori masu auna sigina, kyamarori da kuma jirgin Tantancewar locator (RLS "crossbow") sanya a kan axis na na'ura mai juyi. Godiya ga bayanai game da sarari matsayin bayar da dama muhimmanci fasali na hali na inji, kamar ikon tashi a musamman low altitudes (5 mita), atomatik karkacewa daga cikas (sandunan, da itatuwa, ikon watsa layi na goyon bayan, da dai sauransu), Ba a ma maganar karo da ƙasa.

manyan bindigogi makamai

Babban manufa ga abin halitta cikin helikofta "Night Hunter", - da hali na tashin a cikin yanayi na low ganuwa da kuma a ta da cikakken rashi. Da wanda ya riga, da Mi-28, a duk mutunta an yi fice a mota, ciki har da cikin sharuddan firepower, don haka cikin kewayon makamai Mi-24N kullum ya mayar da samfur tooling. Gun, 30 mm a baka zauna canzawa (2A42) kamar yadda ta Rotary inji kunna harbi a raya wani bangare na yammancin duniya (110 digiri) da kuma sabawa na 53 digiri tsaye. Zai yiwu shi za a maye gurbin har ma fiye da cikakken kayan aiki, ɓullo musamman domin da Mi-28N. "Night Hunter" ya ba tukuna samu kawar da karfi tasiri, wanda ya hana da harbe-harben sosai. gun nauyi, rage da kuma motsa shi kusa da cibiyar nauyi daga cikin na'ura, kamar yadda riga ya bayyana, injiniyoyi Mil.

da makamai masu linzami

Shiryar da makami mai linzami "Ataka-V" iya buge a supersonic gudun wani sulke manufa, ko rufe kanta zamanin. Kutse a kan shi ba ya aiki - shi zai ratsa ta cikin hazo, hayaki da kuma kura. New ATGM "Ataka-D" sun karu zuwa 8 km kewayo. Amma ba a dukkan lokuta, da ƙungiya daga cikin sabuwar Rasha saukar ungulu yana amfani da masu makamai masu linzami. Akwai mai rahusa da kuma sauki wajen halaka, wanda aka dauke da makamai Mi-28N. "Night Hunter" iya da kyau yi Nursi C-13, C-57 ko C-80, idan ba ka bukatar high daidaituwa, a hade tare da makamai. A gaskiya, duk da cewa ya yi yaƙi da Mi-24, da yake a cikin arsenal na saukar ungulu, da wani abu dabam. Alal misali, ya iya sa minefields.

A cikin hali na cikakken sikelin tashin iya zama yanayi a cikin abin da makiya jirage yi ƙoƙari ka saukar da Mi-28N. "Night Hunter" za su iya rebuff roka "iska - iska" P-73 shi ne iya yaƙi da iska hari, yana da babban maneuverability da kuma sauri.

Kariya da kuma ceto

Home Remedies wannan helikofta ne ta sirri. Yana iya zo a wata low tsawo, boye a baya wani shãmaki, fallasa kawai su radar. The ƙungiya yana da lokaci na kokarin tantance halin da ake ciki, yin shawara, kuma nan da nan hari, buga makiya duk da firepower. Da abokan gaba iska tsaro ne kuma wani abu a cikin shagon. Infrared makami mai linzami tarkuna za a kasaftawa daga thermal sawun na na'ura, da kuma ƙaiƙayi HC-26 harbe saukar da wani tunani na abin da ya ƙunsa warheads.

Matuka jirgin bayar da madauwari booking. The kariya bayar da 10-mm aluminum gami takardar tare da ajiye yumbu yadudduka. lantern sulke gilashin da kauri daga 43 mm (kai-a) zuwa 22 mm (a kaikaice). A matukin jirgi ta wurin zama da sadarwarka suna kuma rarraba makamai farantin.

Wannan shirinku ba ze da yawa a karkashin karfi maƙiyi wuta. Bugu da kari, amfani da kuma zane dabaru cewa rage shigewa na m aka gyara, wato:

- Engines ake spaced tare da tarnaƙi, wanda rage yiwuwar a lokaci daya gazawar da dako a lokacin da ya buga.

- da helikofta ne iya isa tushe a kan daya engine, wanda ya jũya a kan ta atomatik nan da nan a cike iya aiki.

- matsakaicin amfani da pneumatic nufin;

- kwafi na babban tsarin.

Arziki da kuma matukan jirgin yadawa na daukar hadari jijjiga, idan na kama helikofta shiriya tsarin da suka sani game da shi nan take, kuma su iya daukar matakan ajiye mota, ko a mafi unfavorable yanayi, da rãyukansu. Bailout aiki a biyu halaye, da zabi na abin da ya dogara da tsawo (har zuwa 100 m ko fiye). Kamar wancan akwai wani harbi ruwan wukake da kuma reshe bangarori.

Da kuma samar da wani m saukowa yanayin. Armchairs da saukowa kaya an tsara a cikin irin wannan hanya a matsayin biya kashe lokacinta da kuma rage karfi da tasiri a kan ƙasa. A general, CB injiniyoyi yi da mafi kyau ga ƙungiya rai kuwa shi ne kalla yiwu hadarin.

A fitarwa version

Analysis na dabara da kuma fasaha yi na "Night Hunter" kaiwa zuwa Tsayawa akan matsayin cewa Rasha ta sojojin kasance mafi kyau fama helikofta a duniya. Yana da yake iya yin fama manufa a cikin mafi wuya yanayi: kuma a cikin duhu, hazo, da hayaki da kuma wuta. A wannan yanayin, da ƙungiya yana da babban damar ajiye wani rai ko da a karkashin mafi m labari fagen fama. Ba abin mamaki ba cewa ba kawai Rasha ma'aikatar tsaro, amma wasu kasashe so ba ta sojojin Mi-28N. Photos of wadannan inji tare da isharori na Air Force na Misira, Aljeriya da kuma kasar Iraki bayyana a latsa nan da nan, yana yiwuwa cewa a wasu} asashen Kudancin Amirka, za su kare kasa da kare muradunta. Babban amfani a cikin "Night Hunter" da kuma nuna Swedish gwamnati. Hakika, da fitarwa version ne daban-daban daga ciki Rasha instrumentation kuma ciko wasu siffofin na makami tsarin.