MP-40 submachine gun: Bayani dalla-dalla

A fina-finai game da yakin duniya na II sukan yarda da yawa gaskiyane rashin daidaito da kuma blunders, kuma wannan ba musamman ga zamani fina-finai, amma kuma ga kayayyakin dauka a lokacin Soviet zamanin. Kuma atomatik MP-40 ya kamata a dangana ga haske "kinolyapy".

A cikin fim Jamus nishadi ko fara'a jerin gwanon, rike da dangling a kan hip submachine gun ... Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na kusan kowane wasan sa game da yakin duniya na biyu jigogi, akwai wani abun wasa submachine gun MP-40. Kuma 'yan mutane tuna cewa jikewa na Jamus sojoji a wadannan makamai ya kasance mai rauni tun da dakaru da farko dauke da makamai carbines Mauser. Saboda wannan, ba su yi ƙyãmar da Nazi dakaru ganima PCA da PPP tuba a cikin wani 9-mm bindiga harsashi.

Hugo Hugo ko ba?

Sau da yawa sosai da makami ne da ake kira "Schmeisser". Machine MP-40 - shi ne wajen wani "Vollmer", kamar yadda Hugo Schmeisser da kansa bai yi ba ga Ya halitta shi a kowace hanya. To, sai dai aron daga ta ƙirƙirãwa kantin sayar da zane. Known gunsmith halitta MP-18, MP-28 da kuma, baya, da MR-41. Ba zato ba tsammani, da farko biyu model a cikin makamai na Jamus Army a lokacin da bai je. Generals (kamar su Soviet takwarorinsu, ta hanyar) aka dauke sub-inji bindigogi, "toys", wanda za a iya dauke da makamai, sai dai idan 'yan sanda.

Amma Yunƙurin to ikon Hitler, wanda ya saba wa sanannen imani, a layman aka taba yarda gunsmiths juya full. Tuni a cikin shekara ta 1938 suka sami jihar domin ga halittar submachine gun, wanda zai zama mai yiwuwa a hannu da dakarun, sulke da motocin crews hõrarru kayan aikin, likitoci, da kuma wasu mutane wanda wani cikakken sized bindiga ko carbine aka ba kamata ya. A ƙarshe samu domin kamfanin Erma.

Mazan aukuwa da kuma sabon gini

Ba ta kasance ba hatsari, a matsayin injiniyoyi na kamfanin ya riga ya yi a ajiye a cikin hanyar SMG halitta su Erma 36. Babban developer wannan makami ya Genrih Folmer. Ta yi fice a} ir} - yin amfani da sanyi stamping na takardar karfe. A wancan lokaci, tun da babu wanda kuma ya aikata.

Shi ne a kan tushen da "Erma" kuma ya halicci MP-38, daga abin da baya "girma" da kuma inji MT-40. Sassa na itacen yana da ba, wanda ƙwarai facilitates yi na abinci samar a cikin bangaren m mujallar 32 akai-akai. Shi nan da nan ya bayyana cewa ci gaba da stamping dabara damar zuwa sama ne kawai bangare ba ma high quality, amma saboda kera da komawa zuwa hadaddun da tsada milling.

Af, to kawo fasahar sanyi kafa kammala Jamusawa na yaki da kuma iya ba. A farko ba su samu ba wannan tukuru larura, da kuma bayan - ba ya cikin albarkatun da kuma lokaci. Na yi kokarin gyara halin da ake ciki ta hanyar Hugo Schmeisser atomatik MP-40, da fasaha halaye na wanda muka bayyana, shi ya ɗauki matsayin dalilin samar da your MP-41. Amma ya yi latti.

Ana zargin MR-40

Duk wannan ne don haka ya rage kudi na release, ta farkon WWII Nazi-makamai tsaya kasa da tara dubu daga wadannan sub-inji bindigogi. Saboda wannan, kamfanin samu wani domin makami kyautayuwa, wanda zai ba da damar tada shi zuwa wani m processability a tsakiyar 1940. Vollmer sun jimre. Da fari dai, ya tukuna aka kafa fasahar aiki da sanyi kafa karɓar, na aluminum gurgunta sassa maye gurbinsu da karfe.

Yana bayyana a matsayin MP-40 submachine gun, wanda aka nan da nan ya sa a cikin taro samar. Ta yaya m, amma ko da a cikin wartime kerarre da MR-40 da kuma da wanda ya riga, da MP-38. An yi imani da cewa game da daya da rabi da miliyan raka'a (yiwuwa ba fiye da miliyan 1.3) da aka bayar a lokacin daga 1940 zuwa 1945. Saboda haka a kan dukan da m Jamus dakaru makamai da za ka iya manta: dauke da makamai inji bindigogi da kawai daya a goma.

Harsashi - wani misali 9x19 "Parabellum", wanda a yau ya zama zahiri shine misali ga Pistols, kuma domin sub-inji bindigogi a duniya. Ka lura cewa musamman domin inji a Nazi Jamus samar na musamman harsashi da ƙara hadin na gunpowder da harsasai da mafi alhẽri punching da zapregradnym mataki. Amfani da su Pistols bada shawara mai karfi, a sakamakon makamai sa fita da sauri.

manufa na aiki

Aiki da kai na Jamus PP ya quite m, aiki a kan manufa da free rufe. A karshen da aka sosai m, da motsi amsa iko samu spring. Tun da makami ne m ƙofar da kuma iko mai da damper, ta kudi (shida Shots da biyu), kuma ya ba hankali ga cewa daga cikin PCA, wanda shi ne mai kyau sakamako a kan ainihin ... guda Shots. A downside ne kusan ba zai yiwu ba ", ya rufe" guda manufa jerin gwano. Lokacin da harbe-harben tracers za a iya gani a matsayin manufa ne sau da yawa daidai a tsakanin harsasai.

Ka tuna cewa Soviet PPS "ana ruwa" a gudu up to 11 Shots da na biyu, da kuma sanannen PCA, wanda da yawa sojoji da ake kira "ci Shpagin harsashi" da kuma ba harba a matsayin "adult" inji gun. Its kudi kai 17-18 (!) Shots da na biyu. Saboda haka atomatik MP-40, da halaye na wanda muka duba yiwuwar, da ke cikin wannan girmamawa sosai "low-gudun".

fasaha halaye

A hallmark automata iyali MP-38/40 ne a pronounced karuwa a karkashin ganga. Ya yi wani dual rawar: a daya hannun, rage "bouncing" a lokacin da harbe-harben ganga. A gefe - damar jingina embrasures a tankuna da motocin yaki, inganta harbi daidaito a kan tafi.

Guduma inji - da mafi sauki, dan wasan da irin. Kamar yadda a PCA / PPP, ya rage wuya da samar da bukatun tilasta Jamus ta yi watsi fassara da harbe-harben halaye, amma a irin wannan low kudi na fiye ko žasa da horar da kibiyoyi iya fire da kuma guda (ko wani cutoff biyu ko uku akai-akai). Fis Jamus makamai da aka ba bisa manufa. Da rawar da aka yi sako a cikin abin da aron kusa da makama don ƙara yawan man fetur ko abin wuta. Ba abin mamaki ba cewa irin wannan m inji ya akai-akai ya kai ga hatsarori. Saboda haka atomatik MP-40, da fasaha halaye na wanda muka bayyana da musamman rikitaccen ba su sãɓã ba.

store Features

Store kansu, iya aiki - 32 akai-akai. Bayyanar - a mike, extruded karfe. Dame shi da aluma shagunan daga PPP, ko da PCA ba zai yiwu, kamar yadda shi ne tafarki line, yayin da m PP, mai lankwasa model (saboda 7,62h25 harsashi siffofin). Ba zato ba tsammani, da shagunan daga MP-40 bai yi amfani da musamman soyayya sojin rundunar jiragen ruwa a matsayin hannu ba su kasance wuya sosai, shi ya wajaba a koma ga taimakon wani musamman na'urar.

Na saka shi a cikin wani madaidaiciya line, wani fitaccen bayan makamai wuyansa karɓar, gyarawa da tura-button clip. A yi, shi ya juya waje nan da nan cewa wuyansa kamata a karfi da kariya daga samu, tun da tsabta abu ne mai matukar wuya a fama. Standard harsasai ga sojoji na Wehrmacht a lokacin - game da 190 akai-akai.

Range da kuma tasiri na wuta

Wurin - ya fi na kowa, tara. Lokacin da harbe-harben iya amfani da biyu "halaye": m da kuma taushi, tsara don harbe-harben a nesa na mita 200 ko fiye. Amma duk da cewa mattered kawai a kan takarda.

Jamus da kansu sun lura da cewa, a zahiri samu shiga a guje mutum a nesa na 100-150 mita ne riga a Jamus submachine gun MP-40 da aka ba a yarda, sai da wuta da aka ba gudanar da dama kututturan lokaci guda. Bugu da kari, da m ƙofar haka braked farko gudu harsasai, wanda a nesa na 150-200 mita da yin wani kyautatuwa zuwa rabin mita (!) A cikin manufa. Ganin cewa a cikin yaƙin, da yawa sojoji manta game da shi, kuma mafi yawan patrons amince ƙone ba tare da wani amfani.

sauran matsalolin

Bugu da kari, wani babban matsala ba riƙewa PP a fama. Gaskiyar cewa kama a shagon karfi da shawarar: ta gudanar inji kasance haka labelaben cewa sauri zama sako-sako da. Akwai m lokuta idan yawa "karye rai" MR 38/40 shagon iya kawai fada kai tsaye a cikin fama. Saboda haka na yi don ci gaba da dama a baya da ganga ... cewa bai rufe. Don sojojin ba gasa dabino, ya dogara a kan gwamnati na asbestos safar hannu.

Abin mamaki, amma ba wani nauyi aron kusa ko iko samu spring ba ya kare da na'ura daga matsanancin hali to jam a wata 'yar alamar samu. Duk da wannan, da MP-40 inji a farkon lokaci na yaki da cikakken saduwa da dukan bukatun domin wannan makami da bukatun. Kawai asarar dabarun himma ta Nazis, suka yi wajen samar da duniya ta farko hari bindiga, StG-44.

zamani amfani

Haka ne, shi ya kasance da shi ne. Duk da haka, PCA-41 ya ci gaba da nuna a kasar Sin har cikin farkon 2000s, da kuma a wasu wurare an yi ya zuwa yanzu, don haka babu wani abu abin mamaki a cikin wannan. A MR-40 ya zauna a cikin sabis da Norwegian 'yan sanda a cikin 60-ies karni na karshe. Bugu da kari, shi ne rayayye amfani da Isra'ila da Larabawa a lokacin da da yawa rikice-rikice a zirin Gaza. Saboda haka cewa MP-40 - da na'ura tare da wani arziki tarihi.

Ba zato ba tsammani, sanannen MP-5, a tsaye a sabis da yawa 'yan sanda da sojoji, a duniya, yana da kõme ba yi da mu tattaunawa na PP. Da fari dai, shi aiki a matsayin jinkirta blowback. Abu na biyu, a gaskiya, shi ne mai dada kwafin bindiga G-3.

A karshe, akwai kuma kasuwanci, akwai pneumatic inji MP-40, suna soji kututturan (as a cikin al'amarin tare da SCB-41). Duk da haka, irin wadannan halaye ne rare ko da yake, da kuma su kudin ne high. Yawancin lokaci shi ne wani m layout.

A farko aukuwa na fama amfani

M LL-40 da aka yi amfani da a karon farko a Poland, a lokacin da abubuwan da suka faru na 1939. CSKA nan da nan ya fara aika gunaguni game da rashin tabuka harsasai Feeder. Amma babban kuka game da wani hali da maras wata-wata Shots Fadowa (duk da haka, duk PP blowback zunubi guda). Da sojoji, domin kauce wa hatsarori, ko da ya fara primatyvat aron kusa rike madauri. Bayan haka, slide firam da kuma bayyana waccan mujalla da muka daraja.

shortcomings

A mamayewa na Tarayyar Soviet da kuma sauran shortcomings gano. Sai ya juya daga musamman cewa low kudi a ƙofar ma nauyi - mugun ra'ayin, saboda sanyi da kuma ko da kadan samu na kayan aiki tsaya aiki. Shuka "Steyr" jera suka fito daga cikin halin da ake ciki, ya fara kafa mai karfi sama spring, amma a sakamakon sharply kara kudi na wuta da kuma fadi makanikai AMINCI ba lasafta a karkashin irin wannan lodi.

Saboda haka cewa MP-40 - da wata na'ura da cewa Jamus a lokacin ba su da lokacin da za a "kawo wa hankali".