Il-76MD-90A: bayani dalla-dalla da kuma hotuna

Tã kai da jirgin sama - dual-yin amfani da kayayyakin. Muna bukatar da su da kuma na kasa da tattalin arziki, da kuma sojoji, da kuma ta faru da cewa aiwatar da agaji shi yiwuwa ba tare da su. Yana da wuya a yau to tunanin mai nisa taimako, aka azabtar da bala'i (girgizar kasa, ambaliyar ruwa, ko volcanic shigowa) ba tare da babbar Flying asibiti jirgin ko da jirgin sama, da ciwon da dama ga 'yan sa'o'i ya sadar da dubun ton na abinci, kayan aiki da magunguna. Kuma da ma'aikatan ceto da kansu ma bukatar kawo tare da musamman kayan aiki. Saboda haka da jirgin a yau shi ne Il-76MD-90A, "kane" da "saba'in da shida" riga ya lokaci zuwa ganin daban-daban nahiyoyi. Amma da farko na dukkan wadannan jirgin sama tsara don soja dalilai.

samfur

Haka ya faru a cikin tarayyar Soviet, mafi yawan kai da jirgin sama Kamfanin Design ofishin O. K. Antonova. Wannan tawagar Ya halitta a yawan sosai nasara da kuma abin dogara jirgin sama ya zama "workhorses" da "Tunisair", da kuma Air Force, daga gare su akwai zakarun a size da kuma iya aiki. Amma a karshen na sittin, saboda canje-canje a duniya siyasa, akwai bukatar a wajen isar da babban adadin kayan aiki da kuma mutane a tsawon nisa. Haka kuma, shi ne ake bukata don yi sauri. Dunƙule "Antonov" har yanzu kai da babban nauyi a aiwatar da saukowa ayyukan, amma, ma'aikatar tsaron ta kafa wata manufa don ƙirƙirar manyan-iya aiki jet. Mun samu izini da aikin zane ofishin. S. V. Ilyushina. Saboda haka a cikin farkon '70s akwai wannan kõfatansu a kan duwatsu da kuma kyau giant - Il-76.

"Babbansu yaro" da 'yan'uwansa

The inji shi ne nasarar da daban-daban gyare-gyare da aka gina a kan karkashi (yawan fiye da biyu dozin) na daban-daban dalilai: daga cikin saba kai ga tashi horo sarari cibiyoyin. A likita version of "wukar yin aikin tiyata MT" ruwansa da aiki dakin, m kula da sauran m kula raka'a. A-50 - mu amsar "AWACS", yana iya dogon flights a kan iyakokin, a cikin abin da jirgin sama ciyarwa m dabara da kuma dabarun halin da ake ciki a fadi iyakar yankin. Top sirrin A-60 - da m na Laser katako makami. Akwai bambance-bambancen da tashi motocin dakon. Halitta da kuma na iyakacin duniya, da kuma wuta zabin. Il-76 ne recognizable, ba za a iya rikita batun tare da wani jirgin sama, ya aka jiran waɗanda suka kasance a cikin matsala, kuma makiyan kasar mu san cewa idan suka bayyana a sararin sama "Candide" (kamar yadda suke classified jirgin sama na kungiyar tsaro ta NATO masana, da kalma tana nufin "m" ko "saukin ganewa"), al'amarin ya zama tsanani. Irin wannan strongmen ne, haƙĩƙa, daban-daban dabaru don wani abu.

Kowane lokaci a gyara damu avionics updates, da kara ikon ikon shuka, da yin amfani da ƙarin kayan aiki. A karshe kuma mafi zurfi daga gare su samu index Il-76MD-90A. A halaye na wannan jirgin sama da cikakken hadu da latest bukatun cikin sharuddan yadda ya dace, amo, muhalli da kuma kariya al'amurran da suka shafi, da kuma a fili yana da wuya a bambanta daga samfur, kama conceptually haka nasara da cewa, a fili, wannan jirgin sama zai zama dogon wani sarari suKe makoma.

A farko-yi daga kan gwajin Airfield sabon canji na jirgin sama da ya faru a shekarar 2011. Da farko, da sunan yayi dace da "samfurin" da lambar kuma kara kamar "Il-476". Il-76MD-90A bayyana da ɗan baya, a watan Satumba na shekarar 2012, lokacin da wani soja haske launin toka gwajin samfurin ya tashi daga titin jiragen sama na factory Airfield kusa Ulyanovsk.

Babban waje bambance-bambance

Il-76MD jirgin sama gyare-gyare a farkon post-Soviet shekaru, da aka gina a Tashkent jirgin sama shuka su. Chkalov, amma matsalolin tattalin taushẽwarsu ci gaban Uzbek aikin injiniya, ya jagoranci Rasha abokan ciniki da neman samar iya aiki a kasar. Su da aka samu a Ulyanovsk factory "Aviastar".

Canje-canje a zane, duk da waje kama da na baya model, akwai lokatan quite tsanani. Specialist nan da nan rarrabe Il-76MD-90A karkashin sabon elongated reshe. A shasi ma sun halartar wani canji, suna tsara don 60 ton dangi da nauyin da jirgin sama tare da man fetur, kuma, suna tsara su don saduwa tsanani aminci gefe. A bukatun ne high, tun daya daga cikin takamaiman fasaha da bukatun da aka haifar da dama ga amfani da kai ba kawai kankare, amma kuma a kan unpaved runways.

A fuselage, ciki har da glazing na matukin jirgin da kuma navigator ta gida, ya kasance kusan ba tare da waje canje-canje. Wani abu - da kayan aiki, boye a karkashin fata.

injuna

Da farko Aeronautical injiniya dace dogara a kan engine. Il-76MD-90A sanye take da hudu turbo-PS-90A-76 (a wanda girmamawa da kuma samu ta ƙarin fihirisa a cikin suna), da samar da wani dirka 14.5 dubu. Kg. A turbo yanayin, kuma shi zai iya isa 16 ton, amma a cikin wannan hali, da ya tashi man fetur tattalin arzikin zai karu sosai. A cikin yanayin na jirgin a cruising gudu da kuma 3300 kgf isa, kuma idan saukowa braking za a iya generated reversing dirka darajar 3600 kgf. Kananzir amfani an rage kamar yadda idan aka kwatanta da na baya model ta 12% da kuma a takamaiman sharuddan ne 0,59 kg / kg · h. Tare da sabon ikon shuka zai iya haifar da babban sigogi a layin da kasa da kasa da muhalli da kuma tattalin arziki matsayin na Il-76MD-90A. Features na jirgin sama shige zuwa cikin ICAO nagartacce.

Kan dubban daruruwan lita na jirgin sama kananzir da man fetur tankuna iya rike.

Kayan aiki kaya daki

The gudun bayarwa na kaya ga wani dalili, soja ko na farar hula, ba kawai ya dogara da yadda azumi da jirgin saman da aka tashi, amma kuma a kan damar da aiki kaya da sauke bayan saukowa. Babbar taksi 76MD- Il-90A sanye take da biyu winches, masu tasowa, da karfi na zuwa 3 tons, ta hanyar da shi za a iya propelled farkon m. Duk wani abu da yin la'akari har zuwa goma ton dauke da hudu hoists. AC gangara kwana samar da wani sa na ya fi girma lodi, har zuwa talatin tons. Idan kayan aiki da aka bayar tare da wani crawler-type shasi, ta santsi Hakika taimaka podtrapniki. Akwai kuma yiwuwar shigar hudu nadi monorail waƙoƙi, wanda ake amfani da saukowa ko loading, daga jirgi ko aviapoddonov da kwantena.

A kaya daki

Paradrop via da gangara, cikinsa da Il-90A-76MD iya - dangane da embodiment na kayan aiki - to da aya, ko biyu-bene layout. Duk da haka, da yiwuwar tsalle a lokaci guda tare da biyu matakan da aka ba amfani saboda babban hadarin da} arfin rapprochement paratroopers da kaya. Single-bene zabin unshi da faduwa na ma'aikata a cikin adadin zuwa 145 mutane (paratroopers a cika kaya - 126), biyu-ƙawãce - har zuwa 225. Air asibiti iya dauka a kan jirgin 114 suka ji rauni.

Don safarar mutane a cikin salon sa gefen kuma tsakiyar kujeru.

Lokacin da hira cikin wani tsuntsu wuta inji shigar a wani kaya daki ganga ga ruwa ko musamman extinguishant.

Matuka jirgin

Workspace ƙungiya, da kyau-aiki domin baya model, har ma fiye da ladabi ergonomics Il-76MD-90A. Photo Matuka jirgin nuna ruwa crystal nuni (takwas na su), wanda ya maye gurbin da Pointer kayan aiki - "Agogon ƙararrawa". Ramut da joystick levers da vysointellektualnuyu aikin abun ciki. Traditional nasara windows samar da kyau kwarai ganuwa ga matukan jirgin da kuma navigators, a lokacin hasken rana hours ne complemented sakamakon "m Matuka jirgin", wanda facilitates da iko a cikin yanayi na rage Ganuwar ko cikakken rashin daga gare ta. Duk wadannan ayyuka suna da goyan bayan jirgin-kewayawa hadaddun "Kupol-III-76M."

"Dome"

Modern kewayawa na'urorin sun dauka a kan da yawa daga cikin ayyukan baya yi navigators da kuma matukan jirgin. Flight shiryawa, mãkircin, lissafi na man fetur amfani da sauran yadda ake gudanar a kan Il-76MD-90A ake yi ta atomatik. Amma dai ba duka. Complex "Dome" corrects data a kan whereabouts daga cikin jirgin sama iko da m (idan filin jirgin sama yana da kayan aiki daidai da na biyu category ICAO) da kuma ko bincika meteorological halin da ake ciki, ba su shawara a kan ƙungiya piloting tsari ingantawa. A tsarin kuma yayi kashedin na tashi a kan wani karo Hakika da kuma kusa da iska na'urorin, Gargaxi da yiwu hadari na wani karo. Invaluable taimako "domes" a lokacin saukowa, musamman da in babu gani iko.

bayanan fasaha

Il-76MD-90A, wanda rinjayar da size da photo idan aka kwatanta da abin hawa ko wasu da jirgin sama, shan kashe daga wani abin mamaki takaice tube. Shi ne isa zuwa kawai 1.7 km. Coasting a lokacin saukowa za a iya rage zuwa 960 m da aiki da mota a cikin reversing yanayin. wani jirgin gudun iya isa 800 km / h. Nonstop range ya dogara da nauyin kaya. Weight 50 ton jirgin ruwa mai ɗaukar kaya zai tserar 5 kilomita dubu, kuma 20 ton -. 8.5 dubu. Km.

Yanzu, game da girman wanda yana da wani Il-76MD-90A. Bayani dalla-dalla dace da girma: diamita fuselage sashe na tsakiya jirgin frame ne kamar 5 mita, tsawon jirgin - 46,6 m, shafa jirage - 50 m, tsawo (shasi) - game da 15 mita.

shasi

M da shasi cewa zai iya taimaka up to 210 ton (cewa zai iya auna yadda yawa Il-76MD-90A jirgin sama). Hoton da aka ɗauka daga ƙasa a lokacin Take-kashe, da damar su yi hukunci da sauran zane da kuma cewa alherin da abin da suka shige zuwa cikin alkuki, located a gefe na fuselage sagging. Biyar da ginshiƙai: baka da hudu tsakiya. A kowane daga cikinsu - da ban sha'awa dabaran-pneumatic masu girma dabam located in-line, hudu a kan axis. A shasi ne kullum ya mayar da mafita Il-76, fãce dai ya karu workload hade tare da karuwa a dangi da kuma man fetur, kazalika da da ikon ta yi aiki tare da matsala hadahada bukaci karfafa duk abubuwa.

al'amurra

Tã jirgin sama kayan aiki da kuma saboda ta high kudin da saboda bayani dalla-dalla na da aikace-aikace, kamar yadda mai mulkin, ba samar a cikin babbar yawa. Duk da haka, rundunar motoci, Rasha gada daga cikin Soviet Air Force, hankali tasowa ta sabis rayuwa. A saba lokaci na aiki domin irin wannan jirgin sama ne uku shekarun da suka gabata, don haka da gudanar da damuwa hukumomin lokacin da za a yi tunani game da yadda da yawa bukatar Il-76MD-90A. A halaye na wannan transporter, da kuma cikakken gamsar da bukatun na ma'aikatar tsaron kasar da kuma ma'aikatar gaggawa yanayi da kuma "Tunisair", ko shan la'akari da al'amurra. Series samarwa ya fara a 2012, uku kofe aka gina. Idan da farko da ake bukata da aka kiyasta yawan 38 da jirgin sama, a lokacin kaddamar da jerin, shi ya karu har zuwa hamsin, sa'an nan kai da ɗari guda na daban-daban gyare-gyare (2020). Har ila yau, ma'aikatar tsaron ta nuna sha'awarta a wani musamman dutsen ado Airborne bincike a kan tushen da Il-76MD-90A.