Nut zuciya-dimbin yawa: bayanin da siffofin namo

Nut zuciya-dimbin yawa - itace na musamman da ke bishiyoyi tare da kyawawan yada launi, na kabilar Orekhov. A cikin daji, wannan tsire-tsire, wanda yake ɗan asali ne na Japan, an dauke shi barazana, sabili da haka yana da darajar gaske kuma an tsara shi a cikin Red Book.

Hanyoyin waje na ƙwayar zuciya

Tsawancin kwaya a yanayin yanayi ya kai mita 15, a cikin namun gargajiya - mita 9-10. Haushi yana da launin toka mai launin toka, harbe su ne masu fitowa, m, launin fata, tare da manyan (kimanin 2 cm) apical buds. Sassan rassan sune manyan, kimanin mita 1, kowannensu yana kunshe da ganye na 11-15, wanda ya kasance a cikin kwaskwarima tare da raguna daga gefen ƙananan.

Itacen yana cikin halin girma. Flowering na faruwa a watan Mayu-Yuni (lokaci guda tare da buɗewa na ganye); Fannun furanni da aka tara a cikin wani nau'i na 8-12 suna nuna launin ruwan hoda mai tsayi-tsayi, furanni namiji sune 'yan kunne (kimanin 20 cm). A shuka shi ne fairly hunturu-hardy kuma zai iya girma a cikin yanayin da mai tsanani sanyi sauyin yanayi. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayar zuciya mai nau'in zuciya tana da tsayayya ga cututtuka da kwari.

Farawa yana farawa shekaru 6-8 bayan dasa. An tattara 'ya'yan itatuwa a bunches na 8-12 guda, ƙananan ɗakunan su ne kore, cordate, kimanin 5 cm tsawo, game da 4 cm fadi. Girman kwayoyi, halin da zuciya-siffar siffar da kuma bakin ciki fitarwa - ne kadan, kawai 3-4 cm a tsawon da About 3 cm fadi da nauyi na 5-6 grams. Babu wani sashi na ciki, matsanancin murfin murmushi (kimanin 1.6 mm a cikin kauri) yana da santsi. 'Ya'yan itacen ya rabu da rabi kuma a cikin wannan nau'i yana da kama da nau'in medallion. Mahimmin yana da dadi, babba a girmansa, ana iya samo shi daga harsashi.

Mafi dadi na kwayoyi

Nut zuciya-dauke da mafi dadi tsakanin wasu jinsunan, shi yana da babban mai abun ciki (ya fi yadda da gyada) da kuma low abun ciki na tannins, wanda ya haddasa ciwon makogwaro. Wata bishiyar da ke da shekaru 20 yana iya samar da kimanin kilo 110 na amfanin gona mai kyau, wanda hakan ya sa alamar amfanin gonar ta samar da masana'antu; Bisa ga kimanin kimanin kadari 1 yana yiwuwa a samu daga 2.5 zuwa 7.5 na 'ya'yan itatuwa. Maturation ya faru a watan Satumba; Ana tsabtace kwayoyi da ke cikin pericarp (matsanancin Layer) da adana a cikin bushe, wuri mai sanyi.

Nut zuciya-dimbin yawa: dasa da kulawa

Itacen itace thermophilic, yana jin mafi kyau daga gabas ko yammacin yamma, a kudancin lokacin rani yana da muhimmanci don samun inuwa. Propagates biyu ta hanyar seedlings da tsaba sown for hunturu ko spring, bayan wucewa ta hanyar stratification (a tsakiyar Janairu). Don yin wannan, dasa tsaba ya kamata a sanya shi cikin jakar yashi kuma ya bar har sai spring a firiji. Ya kamata a shuka su zuwa zurfin 5-6 cm, zai fi dacewa nan gaba zuwa wurin ci gaba mai ɗorewa, tun da tsire-tsire na ƙwayar zuciya mai nauyin zuciya ba su jure wa dashi ba.

Young harbe ya bayyana a tsakiyar lokacin rani (Yuni-Yuli). Da farko, an yanke wani tsayi mai tsabta daga "hanci" na kwaya, wanda zai fara girma. Sa'an nan kuma koren ganye tare da ganye guda biyu ya bayyana, yayin da kwayoyi da cotyledons kansu suna cikin ƙasa.

Yayin da ake ci gaba da girma, ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar zuciya, wadda ba ta samar da wani abu mai wuya ba, ya kamata a shayar da shi sosai, ba tare da yaduwar ƙasa ba. A ƙarshen lokacin kaka, wajibi ne a kaddamar da lalacewa.

Darajar ƙwayar zuciya

Ganye yana da kyau sosai kuma yana da kyau a wuraren shakatawa. Yana da dukiya na kirkiro hybrids tare da wasu nau'in; Saboda haka, abin da ya faru na launin toka yana da Lancaster nut.

Kwayar zuciya mai mahimmanci yana da iko mai tsabta don tsabtace iska daga acetylene da iska mai iskar gas, don haka ana shuka wannan shuka a cikin wuraren gurɓata. A cikin ƙasashen Turai, ana amfani da katako daga cikin ƙwayar zuciya a cikin kayan ado.

Don mafi kyawun turbaya da kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa, ana bada shawarar shuka itatuwan da dama a wani wuri guda (a nesa da akalla mita 10). Shekaru 3 bayan dasawa, matasa suna buƙatar tsari don hunturu; Bugu da ari, idan itacen ya kara karfi, an kawar da buƙatar wannan hanya.

Nut-heart-shaped ne mai arziki a cikin abun ciki na na gina jiki da zai iya samun sakamako mai kyau a kan lafiyar mutum. Yin amfani da 'ya'yansa na yau da kullum yana daidaita tsarin aikin jijiyoyin jini, yana rage low cholesterol kuma yana hana farawa na atherosclerosis. Kwayar zuciya tana da ikon tsaftace kodan, hanta da jini, mayar da aikin haihuwa na jiki kuma kara hangen nesa. Sabili da haka, yin amfani da irin wannan nau'i mai mahimmanci ga kowa da kowa zai amfana kawai.