Phosphoric acid, a cikinsa dabara H 3 PO 4, wanda kuma ake kira phosphoric. A fili karkashin al'ada yanayi ne mai ɗamfarar Jihar tari. Kananan lu'ulu'u da abu ne colorless. Acid ne readily mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, ethanol da sauran kwayoyin kaushi. A m da ruwa a jihar, da kwayoyin da abu na dangantakar da hydrogen shaidu kuma, saboda wannan dalilin shi mai karfi H3PO4 yana da wani ƙara danko. Tafasar batu na 42.3 C, yayin da ta gasa har zuwa 213 C zama pyrophosphoric acid H 4 P 2 Ya 7.
Phosphoric acid ne electrolyte matsakaici ƙarfi, kazalika da tribasic acid, shi dissociates stepwise a uku matakai a mai ruwa-ruwa mafita.
Shirye orthophosphoric acid yawanci wani gishiri daga gare dauke a cikin phosphate ma'adanai - apatite da phosphorus, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar sulfuric acid. Har ila yau, ta hydration na phosphorus oxide (V) da hydrolysis ko wani inorganic fili - phosphor pentachloride.
Phosphoric acid da aka mayar da martani tare da kwasfansu, karfe oxides, salts, aiki karafa da kuma karfi acid. Lokacin da hulda da hydroxides neutralization dauki auku, da sakamakon wanda shi ne samuwar gishiri da ruwa. Dayake tare da karfe oxides kuma samar da gishiri da ruwa. Lokacin da martani tare da salts musayar dauki daukan wuri, wanda aka samu a lõkacin da sabon gishiri da kuma acid. A dauki na orthophosphoric acid tare da azurfa nitrate (gishiri) ne a ingantaccen dauki, kyale shi don gane ta mafita. Subtotal - rawaya precipitate - Azurfa phosphate (Ag 3 PO 4). Tun aiki karafa, wanda suna cikin Beketova up hydrogen shiga cikin canzawa halayen. Hulda da karfi acid (Bleach) farfado da wani dual halitta (amphoteric) da kuma siffofin hadaddun salts - phosphoryl. Har ila yau, da fili za a iya thermally bazu zuwa diphosphoric acid.
Phosphoric acid, da yin amfani da abin da yake yadu, yadu a yi amfani da dama masana'antu. Alal misali, a kan aikin noma, musamman domin samar da takin dauke da phosphorus. Irin wannan takin iya inganta ba kawai yawan aiki, amma kuma da idon shafar microbiological abun da ke ciki na kasar gona, bayar da tasu gudunmuwar da ci gaba da kuma yaduwa daga m kwayoyin cuta, kazalika da ƙara da hardiness na amfanin gona. A cikin masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin abinci da acid amfani da wani abinci ƙari E 338, wanda aka dauke a cikin wani karamin adadin a cikin marmalade, syrup da carbonated abubuwan sha. Shi ne saboda abun ciki na phosphoric acid da kuma citric acid a cikin abubuwan sha a lokacin da ya wuce kima amfani auku halakar da hakori. Wannan dukiyar laushi hakori enamel da kuma dentin an yi amfani da Zahnärzte. Alal misali, phosphoric acid dauke da wani musamman manna ne amfani da wani hakori kafin cika shi da kuma taimaka wa nama demineralization. The abu da ake amfani da iri magani da kuma kafa maras combustible itace Paints da varnishes da kuma kayan gini (ba flammable phosphate kumfa fosfodrevesnye farantin). Rayayye a yi amfani da brazing jan karfe, ferrous karafa, bakin karfe a matsayin tsabtace wanda kawar daga surface na daban-daban karfe oxides. Har ila yau, a yi amfani da descaling, abu don wanka da kuma ilmin sanin kwayoyin halittu.
Phosphoric acid da aka samu aiki da kuma iri daban dabam amfani saboda su physicochemical dũkiyarsu da kuma gwada da low cost shiri.