Propanoic acid. Jiki da kuma sinadaran Properties. A amfani, aminci a wurin aiki.

Propanoic acid (sauran sunayen - metiluksusnaya acid, hana aifuwa na maza E280, propionic acid) - shi ne wani ruwa da caustic ba tare da launi malodorous. Yana yana da wadannan sinadaran dabara: C2H5-COOH.

Jiki Properties na propionic acid:

1. narkewa zafin jiki ne -21 °.

2. A tafasar batu ne 141 °.

3. A flash batu ne 54 °.

4. A matauni taro daidai 74,08 grams / mole.

5. A karkashin Tutar yanayi, shi ne wani colorless ruwa.

6. The ƙonewa zafin jiki ne 440 °.

Chemical Properties na propionic acid:

1. miscible da ruwa (H2O) da kuma Organic kaushi.

2. A propane acid - hankula wakilin carboxylic acid cikakken. Iya samar da esters galogenagidridy, amides, da kuma sauran abubuwa.

Tarihi na samu propanoate

Wannan abu da aka farko aka bayyana a cikin 1844 da Johann Gottlieb, wanda ya same shi a cikin tsakar sugar ƙasƙanci kayayyakin. Sa'an nan, a lokacin da wani lokaci sauran chemists wannan acid da aka shirya a hanyoyi daban-daban, ba tare da sanin shi, shi da aka cirewa a wannan fili. A 1847, Jean-Baptiste Dumas gano cewa baya samu kayan sun guda acid wanda daga bisani ya bayyana yadda propanoic acid, a cikinsa dabara - C2H5-COOH.

Mene ne hanyoyin da samun propanoate?

A yanayi propanoic acid samu a cikin man fetur.

A masana'antu, da abu samar ta hanyar Reppe carbonylation ethylene zuwa da dauki matsayin byproduct a hadawan abu da iskar shaka na hydrocarbons, catalytic hadawan abu da iskar shaka na propane aldehyde a gaban manganese ions ko cobalt.

Har ila yau, babban adadin metiluksusnoy acid za a iya samu ta hanyar samar da acetic acid, amma hanyoyin zamani na samun da shi yi wannan hanya zuwa secondary tushen propionic acid.

Wannan abu za a iya shirya a rayuwa bazuwar amino acid da kuma m acid wanda dauke da wani m yawan carbon atoms.

Har ila yau nuna propane acid kwayoyin cuta na HALITTAR Propionibacterium (karshen samfurin na metabolism). Wadannan kwayoyin cuta da ake samu a cikin tsarin narkewa kamar na dabbobi, da kuma saboda abubuwan da suke yi a cikin Swiss cuku na da dandano na musamman.

Propionic acid

Yana esters kuma salts.

Alkaline da alkaline-ƙasa salts lafiya mai narkewa a cikin ruwa (H2O), kada narke a cikin kwayoyin kaushi.

Esters wannan abu talauci mai narkewa a cikin (H2O) ruwa amma miscible da kwayoyin kaushi.

aikace-aikace

Wannan acid da aka yi amfani da wadannan lokuta:

- samar gerbetsidy (msl dihlorprol, propanol), kwayoyi (fenobolin, ibuprofen), wasu turare kayan (linaloil-, phenyl-, geranil-, benzyl propionate) da sauran ƙarfi (butyl-, pentyl-, propyl propionate), robobi ( polivinilpropionat), surfactants (glycol ethers) da kuma vinilplastifikatorov.

- tun da propionic acid damuarn da girma da wasu kwayoyin cuta da kuma mold, cewa da yawa daga shi aka yi amfani a matsayin hana aifuwa na maza a cikin abinci duka biyu mutum da dabba. A samfurin da aka yi amfani da kai tsaye ga dabba propionic acid ko ta gishiri (ammonium propionate), kuma a cikin kayayyakin da ake kerarre ga mutum ta amfani da alli (alli propionate) ko sodium (sodium propionate) ko wani gishiri daga gare ta.

Safety a wurin aiki

Babban hadari a lokacin da yin amfani da propionic acid - shi ne sinadaran konewa mai sãɓãwar launukansa a tsanani.

A nazarin awon dabbobi kawai mummunan sakamako hade tare da dogon lokacin da amfani da kananan allurai propanoic acid da aka bayyanar ulcers a cikin esophagus da ciki, cewa ne ya sa ta lalatattu Properties daga cikin abu. Yana aka iske ba a cikin gwaji cewa propionic acid ne mutagenic, carcinogenic, mai guba da kuma mummunan masu haihuwa gabobin. Da zarar a cikin jiki, muna da la'akari da wani abu oxidizes hanzari metabolized da aka sa'an nan outputted a cikin nau'i na carbon dioxide.