Sabina Spielrein: photos, biography, rabo, soyayya rayuwa, da rubuce-rubucen, ya riwaito Spielrein Sabina Nikolayevna. Jung kuma Sabina Shpilreyn

Spielrein, Sabina Nikolaevna Sheftel sanar da duniya a matsayin Soviet Analyst kuma dalibi na Carl Gustav Jung, memba na uku Psychoanalytic Society da marubucin da ka'idar da hallakaswa tafiyarwa. Amma babu kasa ban sha'awa fiye da sakamakon da sana'a aiki, suna ta biography da kuma hanyar zuwa kimiyya.

M facts dauke ta tsarin sautinsu da rubutu tsakanin Jung kuma Freud, da aka buga a cikin farkon 80s, abin da ya halitta irin hargowar a duniya na psychoanalysis. A asirai na rayuwa da mata har yanzu tãyar da mafi tambayoyi fiye da amsoshi.

iyaye Sabina

Shpilreyn Sabina Nikolaevna, wanda sunansa - Sheyve, ya ce babba daga cikin yara. Ta aka haife kan Oktoba 25 (Old Style 7 Nuwamba) a 1885 a wani fairly m Yahudawa iyali. A lokacin da suka rayu a Rostov-on-Don. The mahaifin nace cewa 'yarsa iya halarci wani babbar kindergarten a Warsaw, da gida na iyaye. Saboda haka, a lokacin daga 1890 zuwa 1894 da iyali, yana wurin.

Uba, da na shugaban iyali - Nicholas Arkadevich Spielrein (Naftael ko Naftula Movshevich ko Moszkowicz) - Education an entomologist, amma bai yi aiki ba a cikin sana'a da kuma zama nasara a ciniki. Ya kasance manufakturschikom da mai sayarwa ciyar da shanu. Daga baya Nikolay Abramovich ya zama m na farko, da kuma bayan na biyu guild.

Inna, Evva Markovna Lublin (bayan aure Spielrein) ya likitan hakori da horo. Ta yi ta Apartment gidan a kan uku da benaye a cikin tsakiyar birnin, inda sallama na Apartment. Ta aikata Dentistry har 1903, sa'an nan ya sadaukar da kanta ga iyali da kuma yaro-rearing. Ta tseren ya mai yawa da malamai, ciki har da ubansu ya kasance da kuma Evvy Markovna.

Duk da tsananin domin da al'ada, da iyali jagoranci wani wadanda mutane salon.

A 1917, ma'auratan da dukiyar da aka kwace Spielrein.

A rabo daga cikin 'yan'uwa

Babbansu da 'yan'uwa, Jan, an haife shi a 1887. Bisani, ya zama sananne Soviet lissafi da kuma m, wani gwani a msar tambayar makanikai da lantarki aikin injiniya. By 1921 ya kasance wani farfesa, a cikin shekara ta 1933, ya zama wani m memba na Academy of Sciences da Tarayyar Soviet. A 1934 ya kare digiri na uku a fasaha kimiyyar. Ya aka yi aure to Sylvia Borisovne Ryss.

Na biyu wa, da Ishaku, da aka haife shi a 1891. Ya zaɓi wani sana'a na tunani da kuma karatu a cikin Heidelberg da University of Leipzig. Cimma sananne nasarorin a cikin wannan filin na ilimi, kamar yadda ya tuna da cikin gida da kuma na kasa da kasa kimiyya al'umma kamar yadda marubucin psychotechnics. Ya yi karatu da ilimin halin dan Adam na aikin da hanyoyin da rationalization da t. N., suka tafi da wani aiki sashi a cikin aikin na ta kimiyya kungiyar a cikin tarayyar Soviet. Bugu da kari, ya shugabanci All-Russian Society for aiyuka Psychophysiology da Psycho-dabaru da kuma International Association of psycho-.

The uku ɗan'uwansa, Emil, 1899 haihuwa. Bayan kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Don, ya zama wani mataimakin farfesa kuma shugaban makaranta na Jami'ar Rostov a Faculty of Biology. Emil ne mafi alhẽri a san da kimiyya duniya karkashin sunan Spielrein.

All uku, duk da matsayi a cikin duniyar kimiyya, a sakamakon siyasa danniya da aka harbe ta da Ishaku, a 1937, da kuma Ian da Emil - a shekara ta 1938. Daga baya, duk uku daga cikinsu aka gyara posthumously.

Fiye da kowa Shpilreyn Sabina Nikolaevna ƙaunar da dan 'yar'uwarsa Emily. Amma a 1901, wani shida, shekara daya yarinya zama da rashin lafiya da typhoid zazzabi da kuma mutu nan da nan.

Tashin hankalin Sabina da sauran Sanadin shafi tunanin mutum da cuta

Babban dalilin da neurosis Sabina dauke da mutuwar mata ƙaunataccen 'yar'uwarsu. Duk da haka, wasu masana musamman Ph.D. Renate Höfer (Renate Höfer), wanda ke tsunduma a psychotherapy kuma dubawa, yana da wani ra'ayi daban-daban. A cikin littafin Renata "psychoanalyst Sabina Spielrein" biography heroine karatu a daki-daki, kuma aka yi wa ado a wani m hoto tare da duk farin ciki shu'urin so da kuma tsanani shafi tunanin mutum baƙin ciki. A cewar marubucin, 'yar'uwarsa mutuwa ba kadai, kuma ba mafi muhimmanci dalilin rashin lafiya na wannan mace.

Renata ce daga farkon shekaru na Sabina Spielrein samu jiki azãbar uba kuma, sosai m, jima'i tashin hankali, ya fito daga manya. Domin shekaru uku ta ya kiyaye tsanani shafi tunanin mutum cuta da suka ba ta bar ta ta, kuma tun yana matashi. A irin na uba hannun dama, a kai a kai hukunta ta, sai ta ji da tashin hankali da ya kai ga ɓarna, m ayyukan kai-gamsuwa.

Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci ta fantasized cewa yana da Unlimited ikon, kuma ya taimaka ta lokaci zuwa kwantar da hankali. Duk da haka, tare da shekara goma sha shida da aka auko daga dare al'amura masu bantsoro da hallucinations, kuma zuwa goma sha takwas duk da shafi tunanin mutum harin fara faru sau da yawa, bayan da ya fadi a cikin wani bakin ciki.

Tabin hankali asibitin domin Sabina

Sabina Spielrein ya sauri koyi, kuma neurological cuta ba ya hana ta a 1903 ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare tare da wani ya samu lambar zinariya. Ta so ya magani, amma saboda m kwakwalwar ilimi a University of Zurich da za a dage.

Da farko Evva Markovna sanya wani ƙoƙari mara nasara don inganta Jihar kiwon lafiya na 'yar wani Swiss sanatorium Dr. Geller a cikin bazara na shekara ta 1904. Bayan da cewa Sabina aka aika zuwa Burgholtsli asibitin, wanda a wancan lokaci yake lura da Farfesa Eugen Bleuler (Oygen Bloyler).

A wannan wuri ne Carl Jung kuma Sabina Spielrein farko hadu. Na farko, da lura da ciwon iska a yarinya ya aka tsunduma a kai, sa'an nan Jung - wani babban jami'in likita na asibitin da daga baya mataimakin babban likita. Far a asibitin dade game da watanni 10, daga Agusta 1904 zuwa Yuni 1905, bayan da magani aka ambulatory da kuma ci gaba har 1909

Sabina shi ne na farko haƙuri, wanda Jung kokarin warkar da taimakon psychoanalytic dabaru dogara ne a kan Freud theories. Kuma ko da yake akwai lokatan wasu rikicin haƙuri tare da ma'aikatan, tare da bakin wake bayyananen, da magani tabbatar da cewa sosai nasara, kunna Sabine yi tsare-tsaren na jami'a karatu da kuma yin shi a watan Afrilu 1905.

sana'a zama

A lokacin jiyya a asibitin Sabina Shpilreyn halarci daban-daban gwaje-gwajen a t. H. A associative. Akwai ta zama Mai ƙididdigewa ga batu na Jung na ƙarshe, wanda ke hulda da stratification na da hankali da kuma sume - na schizophrenia. Saboda haka cikakken halitta ne cewa a lokacin horo Sabine zama sha'awar ilimin halin tababbu, psychoanalysis da pedology.

A cikin bazara na 1909, Sabine wuce karshe jarrabawa, ya fara aiki a asibitin Burgholtsli matsayin ɗalibin kwalejin likita. Duk wannan lokaci, ta ci gaba da aiki a kan doctoral dissertation, wanda shi ne na kimiyya darektan Jung. Duk da UPS da kuma hambarar da ya na sirri rayuwa, cikin bazara na 1911, ta samu nasarar kare ta, ita da aka buga a mujallar, wanda edita ya ta shawarta.

Tun da kaka na 1911 har da spring of 1912 Sabine a Austria, inda ya ya iya kaina san Sigmund Freud (Freud) da aka shigar da shi Vienna Psychoanalytic Society. Sai ta ziyarci Rasha laccoci, da kuma a can ta sadu da ita a nan gaba miji - Pavlom Naumovichem (Fievel Notovich) Sheftel.

A 1913 Sabina Nikolaevna tafi zuwa Turai. Akwai ta tsunduma a wallafe, jawabai. Ya yi aiki a daban-daban asibitoci a t h a Oygena Bleylera, Karl Bonhoeffer, Edouard Claparede ... tsunduma a psychoanalysis daga Freud, kuma Jung, ya zama wani psychoanalyst Zhana Piazhe.

A shekarar 1923 ta koma Rasha da kuma shiga cikin Rasha Psychoanalytical Society. Ta aka tsunduma a sana'a ayyuka a cikin wannan filin, ya halitta a psychotherapeutic marayu da gudu su rike laccoci.

A shekara ta 1925, ta ƙarshe lokacin da ta yi magana a cikin taron psychoanalysts. Bugu da ari, ta ci gaba da aiki a cikin su zaba filin, buga articles.

Tun da 1936, psychoanalysis a cikin Tarayyar Soviet da aka dakatar.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa fatan high aiki a Rasha pinned Sabina Spielrein. Quotes game da wannan fairly da sani, ta koma "aiki tare da yardarsa" - yin kimiyya ba ta yarda. Duk da haka, a cikin wadannan shekaru 20 na rayuwar ta Soviets gwamnatin ya bar shi rago rayuwa.

kimiyya aiki

Theory Sabiny Shpilreyn ce game da jima'i so biyuntakar. A daya hannun, jima'i kamata gudanar da kyau motsin zuciyarmu, da more wannan tsari da ake dangantawa da procreation. A daya hannun, shi ne hallakaswa ga voyayyen duniyar mutum.

Bugu da kari, Spielrein kiyaye, a lokacin aiki na faruwa a wasu Lalacewar babban ya'ya - namiji yakan mallaki fasali na mace, da kuma mataimakin versa. Kuma da yarda, da tsõro ne hallakaswa da sosai jima'i drive.

Saboda haka intrapersonal rikici. Sabina Shpilreyn lura cewa, mutane da yawa daga ta marasa lafiya da damar da za su yi marmarin taso tsoro da kuma son kubuta tsoron cewa ne pinnacle na duk, sa'an nan kuma akwai wani abu kamar wannan ba zai faru.

Bugu da kari, Spielrein karo na farko tada tambaya na mutuwa drive matsayin farko ilhami na mutum, a masochism, sadistic bangaren lakabtawa matsayin mai hallakaswa so.

Sabina Spielrein: soyayya rayuwa

Game da son Sabina to your likita iyayenta koya a cikin fall na 1905. A yarinya ta uwa ko da ya so ya Freud ci gaba da magani, amma shi ya kasance guda a wasu yanayi.

The sosai guda Sabina Spielrein ta ji for Jung ya taba boye, da kuma la'akari da matsayin shigarwar a diary, ta ko da ya so ya yaro. A lokacin rani na 1908, Jung yarda cewa ya sosai cute yarinya, da kuma cewa shi ba zai iya hana ya so ga mata (duk da kasancewar matarsa). Daga lokacin suka fara gama ba kawai psychoanalysis.

Duk da yake aiki a wani asibiti a da dangantaka da rikici ya faru, da kuma daga baya, a cikin bazara na 1909, Jung bar aiki. Sa'an nan Sabina fara dace da Freud. Jung bayan da abin kunya da kuma bude jama'a cikakken bayani game da su dangantaka, ya ce ya kasance mai taimako polygamy.

A 1909, dangantakar da Jung, Sabina ta koma aiki a kan dissertation. A 1912, ta shiga wani aure da Sheftel, kuma a karshen 1913 sunã da wata farko ya Renata (Irma Renata), da kuma a lokacin rani 1926 - na biyu yarinya mai suna Hawwa'u.

Tsakanin 1913 da kuma 1925-1926. Sabina da kuma mijinta ya ba rayu. Ya kasance a Rostov, shi - a Moscow, amma bayan da ma'aurata koma da dangantaka a Turai tun 1924. A wannan lokaci Sheftel abokai tare da wata mace, wadda ta haifa masa 'ya mace.

A lokacin rani na 1937 Sheftel mutu daga wani ciwon zuciya, ko da yake akwai sun kasance shawarwari da cewa ya kashe kansa saboda tsoron ramuwar gayya. A 1941, Sabina Spielrein-Sheftel ƙi yin ĩmãni a cikin rashin tausayi na Jamus sojoji da bai fitad daga Rostov. A watan Yuli 1942, gidan inda ta rayu tare da 'ya'yanta mata, Sabina, aka ƙone su duka.

11-12 Agusta 1942, dubban Yahudawa, daga gare su, Sabina Spielrein-Sheftel kuma duka da ta 'ya'ya mata da aka harbe a Zmievskoy masaƙa.

Epilogue. Jung - Sabina - Freud

A cikin marigayi '70s a cikin archive Edward Claparede da aka samu a akwati da sirri kayan Sabina. Sai ya juya daga cewa kafin barin for Rasha, ta bar akwai su tsarin sautinsu da kuma rubutu da Jung kuma Freud (wanda ya jagoranci zuwa 1923), wasu daga cikin articles da kuma littattafan bincike. Wadannan takardu, ciki har da tsarin sautinsu da haruffa, sanya a duniya kimiyya al'umma bombshell.

An gano cewa daga farkon magani Sabiny Yungom kuma manifestations ta haifar wa da shi wannan da aka sani zuwa Freud. Duk da haka, ya ba zargi da takwaransa, saboda shi ba ya la'akari da shi da wani abu lalata ko ba daidai ba, kuma ko da a wani mataki nuna juyayi tare da shi. Kimantawa irin Freud ta wuri, manazarta fara magana game da "sun haɗu" tsakanin Jung kuma Freud, wanda mai kananan canji ya zama Sabina.

Jung sa'an nan da ake bukata abu da ya sabawa rubuce-rubucensu, da kuma Sabine ya ba kawai mafi kyau daya, a Vol. H. Kuma cikin sharuddan kudi tsaro, amma kuma mai ban sha'awa hali da ya kai ga masanin kimiyya da sababbin manufofi. Babu shakka, kamar yadda biyu Jung kuma Freud a baya aiki, za mu yi amfani da ra'ayoyin bayyana ta Sabina. Saboda haka, ci gaba da yin aiki tare da ita ga Jung ya fi zama dole fiye da riko da dabi'un, musamman kamar yadda, bisa ga Freud da kansa, domin duniya na psychoanalysis tãre da mãsu haƙuri likita da dangantaka ne ba sabon.

A daya hannun, a Bugu da kari ga tabuwar kwakwalwa daga unrequited ji, saba da wadannan biyu maza ya ba ta a duniyar psychoanalysis da kasuwanci na rayuwa.

Sabina Spielrein ya mace ta farko a nahiyar Turai, kare doctoral tunani. Tana daga cikin "majagaba" na psychoanalysis, amma aka manta ga rabin karni. Kawai da bude daga cikin archives da aka ba ta kuma ta aiki wani, na biyu rayuwa. Bisa takardun yin fim da dama fina-finai, rubuta littattafai. Kuma a gaskiya, wannan kamfani da aka barata.