Sanarwa Levitan: biography. Muryar ba da bege: "Moscow magana"

Sanarwa Levitan biography ne sosai ban sha'awa da kuma nishadi, saba wa duk. Ya kasance mai magana da jihar kwamitin majalisar ministocin kasar na Tarayyar Soviet. Ya ma'ana, musamman timbre na murya ya kira "murya na zamanin da Nasara".

Ya sanar da ba kawai game da m events, amma kuma kashi. Game da nasarar da aka neme su bayyana kawai Levitan. Ba abin mamaki shi ne ake kira da murya cewa ya ba mu bege. Maqiyan da taƙawa kuma suka ƙi shi. Soviet sojojin da kuma 'yan asalin - ƙaunar. Levitan zama soja labari, da murya - wani invariable sifa Nasara.

iyali

Yuri Levitan aka haife kan 2 Oktoba (Satumba 19, Old Style), 1914 a Vladimir. Iyalinsa Bayahudiya. Mother, Mary Yulyevna, aka tsunduma a cikin gidan. Uba, Boris Semenovich, aiki a matsayin wani tela a cikin studio. Ya sewed da kayan na ma'aikatan da kuma jami'an.

yara

Yuri yara ciyar a ƙasarsa ta gari. Levitan so tun suna yara tsunduma a daban-daban da'irori. Ya rera waka a cikin mawaka da kuma ƙaunar da karin-curricular ayyuka a cikin makaranta. Ya yi mafarki na zama wani shahararren artist. Yuri yara ya daban-daban daga da takwarorinsu a cikin wani stentorian murya. Saboda shi, matasa Levitan ma da ake kira "bututu". Iyaye na abokansa sau da yawa ya tambaye su ihu, kira 'ya'yansu, a lokacin da suka bace daga gani.

Uba George so in ga dansa a cikin soja kamar yadda wani m-motostroitelya. Amma matasa Levitan fadi a karkashin cikin fara'a da wasan kwaikwayo da kuma shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo kulob din. Kamar wancan ne ya fara tafiya zuwa mafarki.

samuwar

Yuri Levitan sauke karatu daga ƙarami high school (9th sa) a shekarar 1931. Vladimir Hill Komsomol ba shi tikitin zuwa Moscow shiga jami'a. Yuri yanke shawarar kai ƙofar jarrabawa ga jihar kinotehnikum (yanzu VGIK).

Amma ta sa ran gazawar. A selection kwamitin bai bar shi a saboda kinotehnikum "okayuschego" Vladimir lafazi. Sa'an nan Yuri kokarin je wasan kwaikwayo makaranta. Kuma a sake, unsuccessfully. Selection kwamitin dauke shi ma matasa (ya kasance 17) da kuma ciwon basu baye bayyanar.

Fara sanarwa aiki

Bayan da gazawar a Nazarin kinotehnikum da kuma wasan kwaikwayo School, Yuri so don samun wani aiki a Moscow shuka wani sauki ma'aikacin ko koma gida zuwa Vladimir. Amma sai rabo ya dauki wani m bi da bi.

A kan titi da kama ta da ido shaidun kotu sanarwar da wani sa na jawabai a rediyo. A sa ya m, amma Levitan har yanzu yanke shawarar kokarin hannunsa a cikin wancan shugabanci. Ko da yake ba ma yana da wani ra'ayi game da wannan sana'a.

Daga cikin wadanda zabin kwamitin ya Vasiliy Kachalov. All rude matasa shekaru George, ta tufafi (sweatpants da kuma T-shirt) da kuma lardin "okayuschy" lafazi. Hukumar farko zauna, amma a lokacin da ya ji wani m, da kyau-sanya, iko da kuma sonorous murya Levitan, ya sa suna a matsayin mai aikin faratis a rediyo.

Yuri Levitan horar a cikin ƙungiyar tarayyar Radio. Kuma shi nan da nan ya zama babban magana. Ya zauna a wani karamin daki, abin da yake daidai a studio, da kuma amfani da wani sito karye gramophone.

A farko matakai a fagen murya-a

Da farko Yuri yi Courier aiki - shirya abokan aiki sandwiches da shayi, da ofisoshin kwashe takardun da takardun. A dare aiki da himma kan halakar lafazi.

Ya kullum inganta diction, ta yi aiki tare da shi artists na Moscow Academic gidan wasan kwaikwayo, wanda aka tsunduma tare da masu koyon sana'o'in - Litovtseva N., V. Katchalov, N. Tolstova, M. Lebedev, da kuma waɗansu da yawa.

Bayan 'yan watanni Levitan aka sanya haraji a studio. Da aikinsu hada da karanta short labarai karanta labarai, Sanarwa m lambobin da kuma canja faranti.

Stalin ta da hankali

A cikin hunturu 1934 a nan gaba shahara sanarwa Levitan, wanda biography ne na musamman, samu wani aiki - don karanta labarin daga dare na "Gaskiya." A wannan rana, Yuri farko samu damar yin amfani da Reno. A whim na rabo da cewa rana Levitan ta murya ji Stalin, wanda ya yi aiki da mafi yawa a dare. Radio a lokacin da aka yaushe hada.

Sauraron muryar Yuri, Stalin nan da nan ya kira shugaban Radio kwamitin da nema da cewa wani rahoton gobe da safe a 17th Congress na CPSU ya da sanarwa ya karanta.

Babban sanarwa Levitan: biography aiki takeoff

Levitan, kodadde tare da tashin hankali, brilliantly sun jimre da aiki. A 12:00 a cikin studio zan aka kawo wani kunshin da Stalin ta rahoto. Yuri biyar hours karanta rubutu. Kuma shi ba ya yi wani kuskure, jinkirin da kuma reservations.

Stalin ya saurari hankalinsa da kuma bayan da magana ba da umurni cewa duk jama'a takardun yanzu karanta kawai Levitan. Saboda haka, a cikin shekaru 19, Yuri zama hukuma murya daga cikin Kremlin. Abokan aiki validly kira shi Yurbor aligning sunan farko kuma patronymic.

Maza maza da murya na Levitan zama recognizable. Mafi mashahuri watasa Union Radio na daraja da za a iya kwatanta kawai tare da movie star L. Orlova.

m kai-kyautata

Duk da cewa Levitan aka wassu sharudda gane da abokan aiki da kuma magabatansu, ya ci gaba da inganta a cikin sanarwa ta art. Akai-akai tambayi hannun damar juya rubutu daga kusurwoyi mabambanta, karanta ayoyin "juye" kõ kuwa a tsaye a kan hannayensa, kansa saukar. Yana Levitan sanar ceto na ma'aikatan wani kankara gantali "Chelyuskin" Chkalov iska tafiya a Amurka da kuma nasarar da Arctic balaguro Papanin.

Levitan - da murya na Soviet Information ofishin

A 1941, a lokacin da yakin duniya na II ya fara, da murya na Information ofishin ya Yuri Levitan. A sanarwar da farkon yakin a kan Yuni 22, ya aka karanta shi. Bayan haka, domin shekaru hudu da ya rufe da halin da ake ciki a gaban. Marshal Rokossovsky da zarar ya bayyana cewa, muryar Levitan ne cikkaken division.

Hitler suka ƙi shi, har ma da nuna "maƙiyi lambar 1". Stalin aka rajista a cikin jerin don na biyu lambar. Jamus hukumomin leken asiri sun maimaitawa ci gaba da tsare-tsaren Levitan sace, amma Nazis kasance bã su iya aiwatar da wani. Kuma na ƙi da Jamus na ci gaba da murya karanta Sovinformburo rahoton. Domin Rumer shugaban babbar lada da aka nada. A cewar wasu kafofin - a dubu 100 da alãmarsu, a kan sauran - 200 dubu.

A fuskar babban mai magana da kasa 'yan sani. Saboda haka, don tabbatar da aminci da Levitan blossomed ƙarya jita-jita game da bayyanar. Bugu da kari, Yuri da aka sa a karkashin kusa tsare.

tilasta fitarwa

A 1941, da tilasta fitarwa na daga cikin jawabai. A lokacin babban Patriotic War kasance dukkan dismantled hasumiya, kamar yadda na Jamus kai harin, sun kasance m hari. Saboda haka, don ci gaba da watsa shirye-shirye da aka zahiri ba zai yiwu ba. Levitan da na biyu magana, Olga Vysotskaya aka kwashe zuwa Sverdlovsk (a halin yanzu Yekaterinburg).

wartime

Studio a cikin Urals aka located a cikin ginshiki. A Levitan rayu a nan kusa, a cikin barikin sojan. Amma Yuri aka zaune a cikakken sirri. Moscow abokai da aka yarda su ziyarci shi sau da yawa sosai. A bayanin da aka karanta Levitan, ya zo daga Moscow a kan waya. Studio a Sverdlovsk Yuri bayyana yawa Documentaries, saka a wuri.

Zapelengovat babban watsa labarai cibiyar da Jamus ba su yi nasara ba, saboda da sigina daga studio tafi zuwa ga mafi iko Soviet gudun ba da sanda tashar, aka located kusa da tafkin Shartash. Kuma mutane da dama ne translational tashoshin sa'an nan matsattse asali sigina. Bayani game da inda Levitan, aka declassified kawai bayan shekaru 25. A 1943 Rumer sake a cikin yanayi na high sirri da aka canjawa wuri zuwa wani wuri, inda Soviet Radio kwamitin - Kuibyshev (a halin yanzu Samara).

"Hankali! Moscow ya ce ... "

Levitan Yuriy Borisovich - kakakin majalisar, wanda murya da aka gane ko mu Sahaban. Ko da yake a lokacin, wasu ba su ma aka haife. Har yanzu, kowa da kowa ya tuna da farko kalmomi magana da Levitan bayan nasarar tsiwirwirinsu kan Nazis: "Hankali! Moscow ya ce! ... ". Ya yi magana da su a cikin shekarar 1945, May 9, a 21:55. Sai a wannan lokaci Levitan karanta rubutu na da babban kwamandan.

Canja wuri da aka za a watsa shirye-shirye daga Radio studio located in danko. Levitan amma ba zai iya sarrafa su ta hanyar karya da taron da Kremlin, ko da taimakon sojojin da kuma 'yan sanda kayayyaki. Red Square daga taron mutane da aka ma wani apple fada babu inda. Dole na yi watsa shirye-shirye daga kayayyakin rediyo studio.

A postwar shekaru

Bayan da yaki, an kiyasta cewa, Levitan aka sanar kusan 2000 rahoton Information ofishin da kuma fiye da 120 gaggawa "walƙiya." A 1950 Rumer tambayi sake gaya wani labarin akalla kashi na rahotanni zuwa Amsoshi, kamar yadda a wartime rikodin shi ba zai yiwu ba.

Bayan da yaki, Levitan ma zauna a wuri na manyan Soviet rediyo ta bayyana. A 1953 ya karanta karanta labarai game da Stalin ta kiwon lafiya. A 5 ga watan Maris ya sanar da sakon da ya rasu, ma, Yuri Levitan.

A kan jirgin na Yuriya Gagarina sarari saƙon a rediyo, ma, bayyana da babban magana. Yuri karanta gwamnatin rahotanni, ya jagoranci da yawa rahotanni daga cikin Kremlin Palace , da kuma Red Square.

Levitan - daya daga cikin halitta na newsreels da Documentaries murya. A shirin "Minute na shiru" karanta rubutu daidai Levitan. Ya gudanar da wani shirin radiyo game da Tsohon soji haruffa. A tsawon shekaru, Yuri ya shafe kusan 60 dubu watsa.

Sau da yawa bayyana ta Yuri m fina-finai na gwamnati aukuwa. Wadannan fina-finan da aka yi nufi ga kunkuntar da'irar jam'iyyar nomenclature, ma'aikata na asiri da cibiyoyin bincike da kuma soja.

Personal rai

Personal rayuwa, da rashin alheri, Rumer kuma bai ci gaba. Ya yi aure a shekara ta 1938 zuwa Raisa, wani dalibi na Cibiyar Harsunan Waje. Ta kasance mai kyau sosai yarinya. A 1940 sunã da wata 'yar wanda aka mai suna Natalia.

A farko, matasa iyali ya rayu a kabilu Apartment, ayi kusa da Kremlin. Sa'an nan suka koma zuwa raba Apartment a kan titi. Gorky (a halin yanzu Tver). Raisa rayu kuma Yuri tare ne kawai 11 shekaru da kuma sa'an nan kuka sake. Yuri gayyace zauna abokai. Domin shekaru masu yawa bayan kisan aure, ya kiyaye dangantakar abokantaka ba kawai tare da tsohon matarsa, amma kuma tare da ta sabon miji.

Ya wakilta kamfanoni a cikin tsohon matarsa kamar yadda wani dan uwan. A karo na biyu, Levitan da kuma fiye da haka ba aure. Ya rayu tare da 'yarsa Natasha da kuma uwa-in abin da ya adored da kuma kokarin haifar da wani cosiness a cikin gidan. Daga baya, Natalia da aka haife ɗa, Boris. Amma ta rabo ne mai ban tausayi karshen. A 2006, shi ya kashe a ya Apartment nasa dan.

A karshe shekaru ransa

A cikin 'yan shekaru, Yudka Berkovich Levitan aired daga kasa da kasa. Hukumomi yanke shawarar cewa ya murya ake dangantawa da matsananci events. Kuma da amfani ga wani wanda ya kasance mai "murya, ya kawo bege" don karanta game da sakamakon da girbi. A sakamakon haka, Levitan fara koyar da matasa jawabai-a-horo, kuna koya musu ma'adanin na magana.

Yuri sau da yawa ya gana da Tsohon soji, ziyarci sa na events sadaukar da yakin duniya na biyu. Domin da yawa, da murya ya zama masoyi da alfarma. A lokacin yakin, shi kusantar da karfin fada da Nazis. Ya karatu ya bayar sauraro mai karfi da wani tunanin tasiri. A shekarar 2009, wani shirin aka yin fim sadaukar Levitan daga cikin jerin "Heroes da villains".

A mutuwa da babban mai magana da kasa

A shekarar 1983, Yuri Borisovich da tsanani zuciya matsaloli. Amma babban mai sanarwa Levitan, wanda biography ne a hankali da nasaba da yakin shekaru, Ya amince da yin magana a kan lokaci na 40th ranar tunawa da kwata 'yanci na Orel da Belgorod. Shi ne a cikin watan Agusta. Watan da aka sosai zafi, da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio nuna a kan 40 digiri. Dama a kan celebratory haduwa, da aka gudanar a wani. Bessonovka, nan da nan bayan jawabin nasa Levitan zato ba tsammani ji ciwo. Mun sami ikon ya cece shi.

Levitan Yuriy Borisovich mutu a 4 ga watan Agusta, 1983 a kauyen Bessonovka. Dalilin mutuwa - ciwon zuciya. A wannan lokacin, Levitan ya 68 years old. Doctors, lokacin da ya dauka daga kauye zuwa asibiti, ba su iya taimaka wani abu Yuri Borisovich. Levitan aka binne shi a Moscow ta Novodevichy hurumi a kan 10 site.

Lakabi da lambobin yabo

A 1973 da kuma 1980. Levitan aka bayar da lakabi na jama'ar kasar Artist na RSFSR da kuma Tarayyar Soviet, da kuma ya - na farko na rediyo ma'aikatan da suka sami wannan daraja. Yuri - Karĩmi Artist na RSFSR, bayar da uku umarni da yawa lambar yabo.