"Shagreen" Balzac - misãli ko hoto lokaci da kuma al'umma?

Onore De Balzak yi cikinsa, ya kawo wa rai kusan ƙarfi dabara: don rubuta jerin litattafan da gajejjeran labaru, wanda zai haifar da wani wallafe-wallafen model na zamani Faransa. Ya kira da babban halittar ransa, "The Human Comedy", da misalin da "Divine Comedy" Dante Aligeri. A marubuci fatan cewa shi zai zama kamar muhimmanci ga XIX karni, a matsayin aikin da mai girma Florentine zuwa tsakiyar zamanai. Anthology ya zuwa dauke da 144 ayyukan alaka tsaka haruffa, wannan salon da al'amurran da suka shafi. Amma Balzac gudanar ya rubuta kawai 96 daga cikinsu. "Shagreen" (1831) ne kuma a hada a cikin wannan sake zagayowar da yake a cikin "da ilimin falsafa Nazarin" sashe.

Wannan labari na bincikar rikicin da mutum tare da al'umma, wanda shi ne mayar da hankali na nan adabi (misali, Stendhal a "Red da kuma Black"). Duk da haka, da falsafa na wannan littafin da kuma multiplicity na dabi'u sa shi yi kama da wani misali da babban ma'anar. "Shagreen fata", a takaice abin da yake zuwa da gaske Buddhist ƙarasawa da cewa, so su kashe, daukawa duk m wa'adin: farin ciki ne zai yiwu ba tare da "Wand Wand", shi za a iya samu a auna ta kuma yi muradin ba, ba kai kuma ka riƙe.

Babban gwarzo na aikin tsaye Raphael de Valentin, an matalauta aristocrat ilimi. Ya drags matalauta mutum ta zama for shekaru da dama a cikin ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi da wani kananan hotel, ba da sanin cewa 'yar uwar gida, Pauline, cikin soyayya da shi. ya zama sha'awar a cikin m socialite - Countess Theodora, kuma saboda shi ya fara wasa a gidan caca, crazy kashe kudi a kan kyauta, sa'an nan kadai hanyar fita ne don ya bashi - kunar bakin wake. Saboda haka fara labari "shagreen".

Domin rashin kyau ra'ayoyi, da gwarzo zo a cikin wani kantin kayayyakin gargajiya, wanda yakan mallaki wani yanki na ass ta fata, a kan Reverse gefen wanda a wani harshe gabashin embossed rubutu: "Lokacin da ka zavladeesh ni, ina shan mallaki ku. Zan cika son zũciyõyinku, amma tare da kowannen su zan rage - kazalika da your rayuwa. Saboda haka daidaita so. " Ba mũminai a cikin inganci na rubuta, Rafael yana zaton spree, sa'an nan ya gana da abokai, wanda ya gayyace shi zuwa sha. Ya dubi a kusa da contours na ta mascot yana zaton tawada da kuma samun mai girma dũkiya. Washegari lauya sanar da shi cewa a Indiya rasuwar kawun kuma umarci matasa de Valantenu duk da babba tanadi. Rafael kai a cikin aljihunsa da jan daga a kyauta na Antiquities. Shagreen fata shrank a size!

The m labarin wãtsa da sauri: mũminai a cikin inganci na tsatsuba ne, Rafael yayi kokarin rabuwa da son zuciyarsa. Amma bazata kika aika da wani ladabi jumlar "Ina so ka farin ciki", janye da mace ya na son da kuma sha'awar lashe wasan da sauri kebanci imami da ya kwana. Shagreen shrinks, babu jiki gwaje-gwajen ba zai iya dakatar da wannan tsari. A karshen, da gwarzo mutu a cikin marmari gida a hannun Pauline, wanda ya ke son shi ba tare da wani alamun da talismans.

Da alama cewa dukan aikin - wani misali game da kona gũracen rai, wata alama ce da abubuwa a matsayin shagreen. labari style bincike har yanzu ya nuna cewa Balzac aiki a labari style kuma aka mayar da da magabata na romanticism, marubuta na farkon na XIX karni, ta amfani da wani sosai idon basira cikakken bayani, tare da m da kuma tsauri abun da ke ciki. Hero gaya labarin da lalata wasu irin haka cewa kowane mutum wanda ya san tattalin arziki da siyasa hakikar da na Faransa karshen zamanin mulkin na Louis XVI, ba shakka gaskiyar maganarsa. A gaskiya wannan labari, duk da dama labarin, sa shi a cikin mafi kyau ayyukan gargajiya da labarun almara.