Skobelev abin tunawa a Moscow, marubucin na aikin, ranar shiri da kuma dalilai ga rushe. Janar Skobelev

Akwai wuya wani mutum wanda shi ne wanda ba a sani da exploits Janar Mikhail Skobelev. Ya dauki bangare a gudanar a Turkmenistan da Transcaspian yankin, wanda ya sa aka bayar da Order of St. George IV digiri. A karkashin ya jagoranci, da aka dauka Lovcen, Pleven, wuyansa, bude hanya zuwa Istanbul, 'yanci Bulgaria daga Turkish karkiya. Talented kwamandan taba rasa wani yaƙi a soja fasaha da kuma dabarun Skobeleva wajaba a dauke su daidaita Suvorov.

Ya bayar da gudunmawar da ci gaban da Rasha Empire da wuya a overestimate. Ya kasance da gaske a kasa gwarzo da aka fi so, da wani babban soja shugaban da strategist, da ciwon bakin ciki soja m da kuma girmama shi da mutanensa. Menene gaskiyar cewa bayan da ban tausayi rasuwar Janar manoma ashirin mil ɗaukar masa akwatin gawa a hannuwansu zuwa ga iyali Estate Skobelevo. A lokacin da ya gajeren rayuwa, Janar Skobelev lashe yaƙe ga mai kyau na Fatherland, wanda ya sa aka immortalized a commemorative abin tunawa a kan Tverskaya, wanda, da rashin alheri, ya ba su tsaya ga wani dogon lokaci.

Rokan kudi domin wani abin tunawa

A karo na farko a kan wani tunawa abin tunawa ga Janar Skobelev fara magana a cikin 1907. Duk da haka, a zubar da cikin birni ba su da zama dole kudi domin ta yi. A sakamakon, an yanke shawarar kafa wani abin tunawa ga Skobelev a Moscow ga mutãne magunguna - son rai gudunmawa daga mazaunan. Tare da izinin da sarki Skobelev kwamitin ya fara tsara shiri na rokan kudi a 1908. Janar Skobelev, ko "White Janar" - don haka halinsa aka kira da mutane na musamman ba da gaskiya ga fari uniform - an misali na ƙarfin hali da kuma kishin kasa. Duk da cewa da farko gudunmawar sun negligible taki a cikin shekaru biyu a cikin gidauniya domin da erection na tunawa, akwai riga fiye da 60 dubu rubles.

Gasar domin mafi kyau aikin

Har May 25, 1910 da aka gudanar a manyan-sikelin gasar don zaɓar mafi kyau aikin. Yana da aka samu halartar 27 sculptors. A juri kunshi shida gine-ginen da tara sojoji suka bi ainihin kamanni na kwamandan da Chronology na events. Hukumar, an yanke shawarar kafa wani commemorative tunawa tsara ta Peter Alexandrovich Samonova. A lashe wani Laftanar Kanar a ajiye, da kuma a kai-sanar da sculptor. Duk da wannan, shi ne ya aiki "Gama sarki da kuma Gida" lashe farko wuri a cikin gasar, bisa ga juri. Sa'ad da dukan ayyukan da aka sa a kan jama'a nuni, ya zabi na hukuma da aka ambiguously gana da mazauna birnin.

Saboda haka, wakilan da babba aji, artists, kuma art ma'aikatan sun bayar da hujjar cewa Kabarin - cikakken m mai son da kuma mugunta da harsunansu, kuma bai Samonova da ake zargi da plagiarism, iƙirarin cewa shahara hoto da aka dauka a matsayin dalilin da ra'ayin Vasily Vereshchagin "Skobelev a Shipka". Amma talakawa mutane lissafta ga wani abin tunawa ga liking. Kawai Agusta 10, 1910 27 da zabin samarwa aikin Samonova aka zaba da kuma karshe amince for yi ta umurnin Sarkin sarakuna Nicholas II.

Making

A ebb na tunawa, kazalika da dukan tagulla, dutse da kuma kafuwar ayyukan da aka danƙa wa St. Petersburg shuka na tagulla A. Moran, musamman, EP Gakeru. PA Samonov yi aiki har kwana bakwai a mako, kowace rana, wucewa kamar yadda raba sassa Manufacturing foundries. Aiki a kan samar da Skobelev abin tunawa a Moscow, marubucin na aikin da aka kammala 21 ga watan Maris, 1912. A wannan lokaci, da sculptor gudanar ya halicci doki da mahayinsa, 14 da sojoji, 11 Bas-reliefs depicting exploits na shugaban, da kuma 4 fitilar. Kamar yadda da sauri ya yi aiki factory. A tarihin kuma bayyana abin tunawa ga 7 yadudduka a tsawo da kuma yin la'akari 450 fam.

5 ga watan Yuni, 1911 da aka yi harsãshinsa a nan gaba na abin tunawa, a wuri domin wanda akwai Sarkin sarakuna Nicholas II, wanda kamar yadda shi ma ya zama wani batu na shawara. The aka yi harsãshinsa a kan Tverskaya Square, ko da yake tayi masauki zabin a kan wasan kwaikwayo, Lubyanka Square a Lubyanskiy shakatawa. Metropolitan Vladimir gangarawa cikin Cross procession aka shirya a wannan lokaci, da kuma ba Yunƙurin don kafa harsashin ginin, da kaina shigar na farko da dutse a kafuwar.

Opening na tunawa Skobelev a Moscow, 1912

24 ga watan Yuni, 1912 kunshi da farko na babban rabo. Yana da aka gudanar a kan lokaci na bude na tunawa ga Janar Skobelev. Yana da aka located fadin titi daga Gwamna Janar a kan Tverskaya Square. Sai ya zama a wannan mahallin sake masa suna Skobelevskaya yankin.

A Moscow, sa'an nan da safe muka tattara manyan jami'an na birnin da kuma kasar, shahararren Figures al'adu da kuma duk sahabbai da gwarzo-kwamandan. A bude ma zo Skobeleva 'yar'uwa da dan'uwa. A bikin ya faru bayan procession da salla sabis.

A tunawa da sauri ya zama wata fi so wuri ga mazauna da kuma baƙi. An shirya a kusa da shi duk da gangamin da tarurruka, da kuma bayan yakin duniya na farko jawabai shelar m jawabai.

description

Bronze abun da ke ciki Skobelev abin tunawa a Moscow wani hudu-mita mutum-mutumi na wani mahayi a kan doki da ciwon biyu goyon bayan a kan wani pedestal na wani haske-m dutse raya kafafu a doki.

A ko dai gefen Janar Skobelev sun biyu kungiyoyin na m sojoji. A gefen hagu na mahayi aka nuna sojoji kare flag a cikin tsakiyar Asiya yaƙi. A gefen dama shi aka immortalized da sojojin da suka yi yaƙi da shugaban 'yantar da Slavs a lokacin da Rasha-Turkish yaki. 11 reliefs kewaye nuni a general exploits fadace-fadace da kore duwãtsu, Plevny karkashin Khiva storming Geok Tepe da sauran jaruntakar yaƙi. A kan Reverse gefen Kabarin da aka sanya Skobeleva bankwana da aka ba su ta da rundunõninsa a lokacin yakin Plevna.

A dalilan ga rushe

Oktoba m tawaye a 1917 halin canza hanya na tarihi, manyan al'amurra da kuma ya mai da martani ga tambaya game da dalilin da ya sa rushe Kabarin Skobelev a Moscow. A wuri na daular mulkinsu zo sharply gurguzu, wanda babu makawa entailed da canji motsi a duk masana'antu cikin Rasha.

Maris 12, 1918, babban birnin kasar a hukumance koma daga Petrograd zuwa Moscow. A wani riga overcrowded kuma cikin bukatar mafi gidaje shirya don matsawa da babban birnin kasar na da game da 100 dubu jama'a bayin da iyalansu. Abruptly shi ya tsaya da tambaya daga jeri ofishin. A lokacin kaka events Kremlin aka gaske halakar da kuma a lokacin da aka karkashin gyara. Yana da aka haka ya yanke shawarar sanya Moscow City Majalisar a gidan tsohon gwamnan-janar, kuma kai tsaye a gaban wanda tunawa da aka gina "White Janar".

A kan tushen samuwar wani sabon canji gwamnati Afrilu 12, 1918 soma wani umarnin "A kau da Monuments gina a cikin girmamawa ga sarakuna da barorin." Babu shakka, da abin tunawa ga gwarzo a wani farin uniform, located dama a gaban darajoji, aka kunshe a cikin jerin shirya dismantling na Monuments na tsarist gwamnatin da Skobelevskaya Square a Moscow da aka nan da nan sake masa suna cikin Soviet.

dismantling na tunawa

May 1, 1918 duk da sassa, ciki har da Bas-reliefs da fitilu da aka vandalized sawn, mayar da su cikin tsakar gida na Moscow Soviet, sa'an nan sufuri da smelter. A aikin da aka yi da Lenin ta sirri umarnin da "Goujon", yanzu - "guduma da lauje." A pedestal na Finnish dutse ba su ba da wani sakamako. A karo na farko an yi amfani da matsayin kakakin ta Tribune. Sa'an nan kuma, a kan dare na Satumba 11, an yi ƙoƙari mara nasara da aka sanya a busa up da pedestal, wanda ya sha wahala a sakamakon Moscow City Majalisar gini facades da hotel "Dresden". Fiye da watanni da pedestal fashe a sassa, da kuma na biyar fashewa da aka hallaka. A wani gajeren lokaci, a wannan wuri da aka gina wani sabon - triangular stele na farko kundin tsarin mulki na Tarayyar Soviet. Kuma a cikin 1954 ya aka maye gurbinsu da wani abin tunawa Yuriyu Dolgorukomu, irin wannan a cikin zane da abin tunawa Skobelev.

Ƙwaƙwalwar na gwarzo

The isa yabo na Rasha soja-tarihi jama'a a shekarar 2014 da wani abin tunawa Mihailu Skobelevu sake sanya shi a cikin Moscow. A wannan lokaci a gaban Academy of Gaba Staff na sojojin kasar. M kwamandan zaune a kan doki, kamar yadda a cikin tsohon kwana, amma yanzu a kan saman takwas-mita dutse pedestal. Kamar yadda kafin, da erection na tunawa ba zai yiwu ba tare da ba da gudummawa. Project zane da kuma yi tsunduma sculptor Alexander Rukavishnikov.