Spool - wani gwargwado na nauyi a cikin tsohon kwana

Tare da gwamnatin rikon kwarya a duk m mutãne a cikin SI tsarin ne a hankali abu da suka gabata, mutane da yawa tsoho Slavic auna nauyi da tsayin. Daga cikin su nunin - wani gwargwado na nauyi, yana rayayye yi amfani da tun farkon na goma sha takwas da kuma har da thirties karni na ashirin da.

Spool - abin da yake da shi

Spool a old days aka kira nauyi awo amfani domin sanin nauyi na karfe (yawanci zinariya da azurfa). A rabo amfani a yau tare da daya gram spool auna 4.3 grams ko rabin 1/96 laba (Rasha).

Labarin da nauyi awo kira spool

Yau, masana kimiyya ba zai iya ce ga tabbatar da inda sunan kansa ya da wani gwargwado na nauyi, kamar yadda wani spool. Mai yiwuwa wannan sunan zo daga lokacin Kievan Rus. Tun da an san cewa a lokacin da Prince Vladimira Velikogo (X karni), daya daga cikin kananan 'ya'yan sarakuna ba tsabar kudi na zinariya kira "zlatnik".

Kila, wannan tsabar kudin daga baya an rayayye yi amfani da matsayin tutsar sulug lokacin da yin la'akari articles sanya masu daraja karafa. Kuma sannu a hankali, daga sunan da tsabar kudin samo sunanta na "spool" - wani gwargwado na nauyi amfani ga kayyade taro na articles na daraja karfe.

A farko da aka rubuta ambaci spool matsayin kalla nauyi ne kwanan rana XIII karni. A daya daga cikin kasuwanci takardun, Prince Mstislav na Smolensk amfani da kalmar "spool" ba kamar yadda sunan da tsabar kudin, amma a matsayin ma'auni na nauyi. Kila, daidai lokacin via spools auna rabo daga m daraja karfe a wani musamman tsabar kudin ko wasu abu daga zinariya da azurfa.

A tsawon lokaci, da nunin a shahararsa a matsayin ma'auni na nauyi yada. Kuma tare da 1711 slide ya samu matsayi na hukuma da matakan nauyi ne ba kawai zinariya da azurfa, amma kuma sauran daraja karafa da kuma aka yi amfani da har 1927

Har ila yau, akwai wani madadin ra'ayin cewa kalman nan "spool" da aka samu daga sunan zinariya karfe. Duk da haka, wannan ne mai wuya, tun da spool ana amfani da su domin auna nauyin platinum da azurfa.

Auna da nauyi na wannan gudummawar da zargin da ake kira nunin bawul Samfur tsarin, wanda ya tartsatsi a cikin Rasha Empire.

Spool tsarin samfurori

Wannan tsarin samfurori sanya shi yiwuwa domin sanin gaban daraja karafa a ba gami, da kuma ma su yawan. A wasu kalmomin, lafiya karfe samfurin (ta tsarki) taimaka wajen ayyana spool. Auna da nauyi na wannan gudummawar da samuwar wajen zamewar bawul na samfurin na zinariya, kazalika da nunin bawul na samfurin na azurfa.

Kamar wancan zinariya tsantsa ba tare da impurities (a halin yanzu 999 samfurin) an ɗauke da nauyin da daraja karfe a cikin spool 96. Wannan na nufi cewa idan abun da ke ciki na karfe da aka dauka a matsayin 100%, sa'an nan 100% na zinariya. Duk da haka, slide bawul tsarin, matsakaicin yawan samfurori da aka 100%, da kuma 96 raka'a mai daraja karfe. Kuma idan duk 96 daga cikinsu sun kasance zinariya - da karfe kasance da tsabta da kuma yana da wani samfuri na 96 (a halin yanzu 999).

The karami nunin bawul fashewa ya 56 (a halin yanzu 585), saboda yana da kawai 56 sassa na zinariya, kuma haka a - impurities na sauran karafa. A cikin duka, akwai shida tsoho spool na zinariya samfurori.

Yau da farin ciki masu na zinariya kayan ado masana'antu prerevolutionary iya lura da su spool samfurin na cewa lokaci. Don sa shi a cikin wani zamani tsarin da kuma koyi da m karfe kayayyakin, za mu iya amfani da sauki dabara: A / 96 * 1000 = B. A wannan yanayin A - spool samfurin, da kuma B - zamani.

Ji na azurfa tsarki spools ne ma ba sosai daban-daban daga zinariya. Duk da haka asali wanzu mafi girma adadin karfe samfurori - kamar yadda mutane da yawa kamar tara (72 zuwa 95). Duk da haka, a karshen su XIX muhimmanci rage zuwa hudu (84 zuwa 95).

Kamar dai da zinariya, da azurfa spool taimaka wajen ƙayyade yawan na karfe hadarurruka a cikin 96 raka'a. Yau spool canja wurin pre-revolution a zamani azurfa samfurin iya zama guda dabara kamar yadda cewa na zinariya.

slide hulda tare da sauran matakan na nauyi a cikin tsohon kwana

Spool - da rabo: 1/96.

Pud - nunin: 1/3840.

Yawa - nunin: 1/3.

Laba - nunin: 1/96.

Spool da kuma na zamani da matakan nauyi

A kwatanta da na yanzu nauyi na raka'a daya spool ne kamar 4.3 grams (SR tsarin).

A cewar Birtaniya kantin tsarin matakan da wani nauyi na spool ne daidai kamar 0,01143 laba ko 0,14 Troy oza na.

Tare da gaisuwa ga nauyin da tsarin da matakan a Amurka, daya nunin - game 0.151 wani oza, ko 0.01 Amurka laban.

"Kananan amma masu daraja" da sauran faxin gwargwado, nauyi

Wannan nauyi awo ya shahara tsakanin magabatan, sau da yawa hada ta da faxin. Alal misali, lokacin da suka nemi faye hali kananan size, amma matukar muhimmanci da abu don amfani sananne ga dukan daga yara cewa.

Akwai kuma wani kadan daban-daban ta analogue: "Mal bawul, amma masu nauyi."

Akwai wani irin maganarsu, kuma sadaukar da kananan amma muhimmanci abubuwa. An mafi cikakken kwatanta da manufa cewa ba size ne mai muhimmanci da kuma muhimmanci.

Don bayyana darajar kiwon lafiya ga mutane, ta amfani da wannan maganar:

Kuma kamar yadda wani gwargwado na da nauyin da spool ne kwazo da wadannan cewa:

Yau, da dadewa ba in je domin sanin tsarki na zinariya ko azurfa samfurin zamewar. Auna da nauyi na wannan ya zama wani ɓangare na tarihi. Duk da haka, kalmar yanzu ana rayayye a yi amfani da magana, ko shi yana da dan kadan daban-daban ma'anar. Yanzu da kalmar "spool" ya zama sunan sassa rabawa, amma shi ke wani labari.