Traditional jama'a: definition. Features gargajiya jama'a

Society - shi ne mai hadaddun na halitta da kuma tarihi Tsarin, waxanda suke da abubuwa na mutane. Su sadarwa da kuma dangantaka saboda wani matsayi a al'umma, ayyuka da kuma matsayin cewa sun yi, norms da kuma halayenka cewa an kullum yarda a tsarin, kazalika da mutum halaye. Society za a iya raba iri uku: gargajiya, masana'antu da kuma postindustrial. Kowace daga cikinsu yana da kansa rarrabe fasali da kuma ayyuka.

Wannan labarin za a yi la'akari gargajiya jama'a (definition, faye hali, da kwasfansu, misalai da t. D.).

Mene ne wannan?

Mutumin zamani na masana'antu shekaru, ba su saba da tarihi da kimiyyar zamantakewa, shi yana iya zama m abin da wani "gargajiya jama'a". Definition wannan ra'ayi za a tattauna kara.

Traditional al'umma ayyuka a kan tushen da al'ada dabi'u. shi ne sau da yawa riskarsa kamar wani tribal, m da baya da baya mulkin gargajiya. Shi ne wata al'umma da wani m na'urar da immobile Tsarin da kuma hanyoyin da zamantakewa da al'adu tsari, bisa al'ada. An yi imani da cewa mafi yawansu ba ta tarihi, bil'adama shi ne a wannan mataki.

Traditional jama'a, da definition wanda aka dauke a cikin wannan labarin, shi ne mai tarin kungiyoyin na mutane tsaye a matakai daban-daban na ci gaba da kuma ba su da wani balagagge masana'antu hadaddun. Kayyade factor a ci gaba da irin wannan zaman raka'a - noma.

Halaye na gargajiya jama'a

Ga wani gargajiya jama'a ne halin da wadannan siffofin:

1. Low rates na samarwa, gamsar da bukatun mutane a wani kadan matakin.
2. Manyan ikon amfani.
3. Rashin ya dauko sababbin abubuwa.
4. tsananin tsari da kuma lura da 'yan adam hali, zamantakewa Tsarin, cibiyoyi da ayyukan.
5. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, haramta wani buɗi na da 'yancin da mutum a cikin gargajiya al'umma.
6. Social Ilimi, Karĩmi hadisai suna dauke Hurumi - har ma da tunani na su zai yiwu canje-canje riskarsa kamar wani laifi.

A tattalin arzikin na gargajiya jama'a

Traditional jama'a da aka dauke su aikin gona, tun da shi ya kafe a kan aikin noma. Its aiki ya dogara da namo na amfanin gona tare da taimakon wani garma da daftarin dabbobi. Saboda haka, wanda kuma wannan yanki na ƙasar za a iya sarrafa mahara sau, sakamakon m ƙauyuka tashi.

Ga wani gargajiya al'umma ne kuma halin da m amfani da manual aiki, da m yanayin samar, da rashin kasuwar siffofin cinikayya (musayar kuma redistribution na ruwan dare). Wannan ya haifar da enrichment na mutane ko azuzuwan.

Siffofin ikon mallakar a irin Tsarin ne kullum na gama. Duk wani manifestations na individualism ba su yarda, kuma suka ƙaryata al'umma da kuma dauke da haɗari, kamar yadda suka karya da kafa domin da gargajiya balance. Babu impetus ga ci gaban kimiyya, da al'adu, da kuma haka a cikin duk yankuna na fasaha da amfani a baje.

siyasa Structure

Siyasa Sphere a cikin wani jama'a halin iko ikon cewa an gaji. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa da kawai hanyar zuwa kula da al'ada na dogon lokaci. A kula da tsarin a cikin irin wannan al'umma da aka quite m (hereditary ikon da ke cikin hannun dattawan). Mutane da kusan babu sakamako a kan siyasa.

Sau da yawa akwai da ra'ayin na allahntaka asalin mutum ga hannunsa ya da ikon. A dangane da wannan siyasa a gaskiya gaba daya biyaya ga addini da shi za'ayi kawai ta alfarma dokoki. A hade da wadanda mutane da kuma iko na ruhaniya sanya yiwu kara karkashi na jihar mutane. Wannan, bi da bi, kuma Ya ƙarfafã da juriya na gargajiya irin na al'umma.

zamantakewa dangantakar

A fanni na zamantakewa dangantakar ne da wadannan siffofin na gargajiya jama'a:

1. patriarchal na'urar.
2. Babban manufar aiki na da irin wannan al'umma shi ne a kula da rayuwar mutum da kuma hana ta bacewar a matsayin jinsin.
3. A low matakin na zamantakewa motsi.
4. Domin gargajiya jama'a halin da rabo a cikin azuzuwan. Kowane taka daban-daban na zamantakewa rawa.
5. Evaluation daga cikin mutum cikin sharuddan da sarari cewa mutane zauna a cikin matsayi.
6. The mutum ba ya jin da mutum, da ya gani ne kawai ya na zuwa wani rukuni ko al'umma.

A ruhaniya Sphere

A cikin ruhaniya Sphere gargajiya jama'a halin da zurfi, grafted daga yara addini da kuma halin kirki halaye. Wasu rituals da kuma akidun ne wani ɓangare daga rayuwar dan Adam. Rubuta a wani gargajiya al'umma kamar yadda irin wannan ba ya wanzu. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa duk da Legends, kuma hadisai mika saukar da baki.

Relationship da yanayi da kuma sararin samaniya

Tasirin gargajiya al'umma yanayi ne mai m, kuma kaɗan. Wannan shi ne saboda low-sharar gida samar, gabatar dabbõbi kiwo da kuma aikin noma. Har ila yau, a wasu al'ummu, akwai wasu addini dokoki, Allah wadai da wannan gurbatawa yanayi.

A dangane da duniya a kusa da shi ne a rufe. Traditional al'umma a kowace hanya don taƙawa da wani intrusion da waje tasiri. A sakamakon haka, mutane fuskanci rayuwa a matsayin wani a tsaye da kuma canzawa. Ingantaccen canje-canje a cikin wannan al'ummomin ne sosai m, da kuma neman sauyi da canje-canje da aka gane musamman mai raɗaɗi.

Gargajiya da kuma masana'antu al'umma: bambance-bambance

Industrial jama'a fito a cikin XVIII karni, a sakamakon da juyin juya halin masana'antu, musamman a Ingila da kuma Faransa.

Wajibi ne mu haskaka wasu daga da rarrabe fasali.
1. halittar wani babban inji samar.
2. Standardization daga sassa da kuma gyara daga daban-daban sunadaran. Wannan sanya shi yiwuwa a salla-anfaninta.
3. Wani muhimmin alama - urbanization (birane ci gaban da kuma sake ma su matsugunni a yankin ƙasarsu a babban ɓangare na yawan).
4. A rabo na aiki da kuma specialization.

Gargajiya da kuma masana'antu al'umma da gagarumin bambanci. Domin na farko halayyar da na halitta rabo daga aiki. Yana aka mamaye al'ada dabi'u da kuma patriarchal tsari, babu wani taro samar.

Ya kamata ka kuma haskaka da post-masana'antu al'umma. Traditional, da bambanci, da nufin a hakar albarkatun kasa, maimakon na tarin bayanai da kuma ta ajiya.

Misalai na gargajiya jama'a: China

Sananne misalai na gargajiya irin na al'umma za a iya samu a Gabas a tsakiyar zamanai da kuma zamanin. Daga cikin su ya kamata a kasaftawa zuwa India, China, Japan, Ottoman Empire.

Sin ne tun fil azal yana da karfi da gwamnati. By yanayi na juyin al'umma da cewa kasar da aka tasowa cyclically. China ne halin da akai canzawar da dama epochs (da ci gaban da rikicin, tashin hankali). Ya kamata kuma a lura da hadin kai na ruhaniya da kuma ikon addini a kasar. By hadisi, sarki samu abin da ake kira "umarni na sama" - allahntaka izinin hawa.

Japan

A ci gaba da Japan a tsakiyar zamanai, kuma a wannan zamanin ma ya nuna cewa akwai wanzu gargajiya jama'a, da definition wanda aka dauke a cikin wannan labarin. A daukacin jama'ar na Japan ya kasu kashi 4 aji. A farko - a samurai, daimyo da shogun (m boko ikon yake a). Sun mamaye wata wurinsu kyakkyawan zarafi ne, kuma suna da hakkin su kai makamai. Biyu aji - manoman wanda ya mallakar ƙasar a matsayin hereditary gudanar. The uku - da na hudu sana'a - yan kasuwa. Ya kamata a lura cewa harkokin ciniki a Japan aka dauke da bai dāce hali. Har ila yau, ya kamata mu ambaci m tsari na rayuwar zamantakewa na kowane daga cikin azuzuwan.

Ba kamar sauran gargajiya Eastern kasashen, a Japan, babu hadin kai na m boko da kuma iko na ruhaniya. A farko wakilci Shogun. A hannunsa ya babban ɓangare na ƙasar da kuma m iko. Har ila yau a kasar Japan ya ga Sarkin sarakuna (Tenno). Ya ya rungumi iko na ruhaniya.

Indiya

Sananne misalai na gargajiya irin na al'umma za a iya samu a Indiya ga tarihin kasar. A zuciya na cana Empire, located in Hindustan, aza-soja riƙe da caste tsarin. M m - Sultan - shi ne shugaba mai na duk ƙasar a jihar. Indian jama'a da aka tsananin kasu kashi castes, wanda rayuwarsa ne tam kayyade dokokin da hukunce-hukuncen.