"Tsargi 730". Tã tank T-10. Soviet nauyi tank

Yakin duniya na II ƙare. Mutu saukar da manyan bindigogi a fagen yaƙi, da fursunoni sun koma gidajensu, Jamus biya wani indemnity, da kuma Tarayyar Soviet da mafi girma da kuma mafi zahiri sanye take ƙasar sojojin. Wannan magabaci ya bayyana a wani soja gwani a sakamakon Soviet-Japanese War of 1945

A watan Satumba na shekarar 1945, wani hadin gwiwar sojoji farati a Berlin da aka gudanar. Masõya nuna juna su ƙarfi da kuma bunkasa. Wanda yana da magabaci a cikin tankuna, shi za a iya gani da ido tsirara. Kamar yadda idan aka kwatanta da Amurka M-24 "Chaffee" da kuma Birtaniya "tauraro mai wutsiya" m IC tank 3 a wani adadin 53 raka'a 71-th Guards nauyi tank rajimanti duba wannan karfe dodo, predatory kuma m. Amma ci gaban da tankuna bai daina kuma ba su ma rage gudu.

The abubuwan da ake bukata ga mai aikin "tsargi 730"

Bayan da yaki, IS-3 samar ci gaba. Sharuddan amfani da tankuna canza, yanzu ba su zama 'yan faɗa, kuma ya bauta wa for shekaru da dama. wartime tankuna basu dace da irin wannan aiki. A karshe bege ga YAKE-3 rushewarta a lokacin, a lokacin da daya daga cikin gwaje-gwaje a cikin jiki na tanki da aka 100-mm makamai sokin harsashi a gaba, na daga cikin baki (sanannun "Pike hanci"). Housing yadda nake alfaharin fa a seams, da kuma inji shi ne daga oda. All bayar kofe aka nufin magance ƙarara, da kuma taro samar na IP-3 da aka katse.

Yanzu, a cikin haske na kwarewa da kuma sabon kalubale, da Soviet tank magina ya haifar da wani karin cikakken yãƙi na'ura. A cikin ƙasa na kungiyar tarayyar a lokacin sarrafa biyu tank factory - Leningrad Kirov da Chelyabinsk tarakta. A Birnin Leningrad, bayan da kawancen ya shirya da reshe na gwajin Tank Factory lambar 100, ya zama darektan J. Kotin. Ga An haife ni cikin "Object-260", ko NE-7.

Da shi shi ne mafi kyau tank a lokacinsa cewa transcends da sigogi na waje da takwarorinsu, amma da yake yana da yawan shortcomings. to gwada jerin setbacks ya taka a kan tanki. By lokacin da ma nauyi inji fara ta kãfircẽwa. Ba su iya tsayayya da gadoji da kuma Railway dandali.

A shekara ta 1948 ya aka bayar a aiki - don ƙirƙirar sabon mota, mai gwada m, abin dogara, tare da wani nauyi zuwa 50 ton.

Na biyu EC-5

Lambobin Soviet tankuna akwai wasu rikice. The "Object 730" sa lambar IC-5. Amma da JS-5 An - "Object 248", amma a cikin jerin kuma ya ba da aka kaddamar. A cikin tsarin na aikin "Object 730" da aka yi nufin kyautata na EC-4. Mu da aka shirya don maye gurbin wani yawan gyara da kuma majalisai don rage nauyin da na'ura.

a kan shi ya fara ci gaba a 1948 da kuma 1950-Mu ya ba tukuna aka kammala. Gwaje-gwaje sun yi wahayi da yawa shortcomings. Saboda haka, yawan na biyu rai da aka bai, EC-5 - "tsargi 730".

Aiki da aka jinkirta shekaru da dama, da kuma a 1953 da tank aka karɓa for sabis a karkashin wani sunan daban. JS-5 da kuma ba hit a cikin jerin, amma shi ya yi aiki daga sabon injuna, watsa, makamai da sauransu.

fasaha halaye

Welded jiki da gangaren saman kuma mai lankwasa gefen faranti da kuma "Pike hanci" su ne "Object 730" karshe daftarin. A tank da wani simintin turret streamlined. Kamar yadda biyu gun makamai, guda biyu tare da daya gun 122-mm D-25TA biyu ƙyanƙyashe gaba caji. Fama nauyi ya 50 m. The inji shi ne iya hawa a 32 digiri giciye ramuka, kuma 2.7 m. A kauri daga 700 l. wani. ya ci nasara bango 0.8 m da kuma gudãnar up to 43,1 km / h. The ƙungiya a cikin saba hudu-mutumin turret makamai na 250 mm aka tam kare su. Cruising 180-200 km. Don da bindigogi da 30 bawo da na'ura-gun - 1000 akai-akai.

A farko gwaje-gwaje

A watan Afrilu 1949, wani katako, izgili-up na tanki da aka dauka zuwa Moscow. jerin inganta aka kõma sama. Project amince a watan Mayu, sa'an nan ya fara shirya zane. Shiri na takardun da aka kammala kawai a karshen watan Yuni. The ayyukan da aka jinkirta da kuma tattara gwaji tankuna ga gwaji kaddamarda a watan Agusta, basu da lokaci. An yanke shawarar amfani da YAKE-4 da wani rataye raka'a EC-5. "Tsargi 730" ga lokaci barshi cikin fage. Engine ikon da aka ƙayyade zuwa lita 700. wani. Wasu raka'a aka kuma gwada ta kuma EC-7.

Kasawa da kuma inganta

Satumba ya watan samar gwajin. IC-5 sun zama 2,000 km, amma a bayyane gibba a watsa. Aka yanke shawarar ci gaba da amfani da wani drive 8-gudun planetary gearbox. Cibiyar 100 tsunduma a cikin ci gaban da fasaha takardun, da kuma LB bayar uku prototypes. Gwaje-gwaje sun nuna da amfani da sabon naúrar.

Daga cikin abubuwan, da tank aka sanye take da ejection sanyaya tsarin da kuma kafa wani sabon makirci kayan aiki. Wani uku raka'a kayan aiki ga gwaji da aka saki a watan Maris 1953 bayan gwajin daya daga cikinsu a cikin landfill Rzhevskaya fara yau da kullum a jihar gwaje-gwaje.

Yanzu, duk da wuya daga cikin hanya, 200 km an kammala. Biyu tankuna kasance sama zuwa 200 km kowace rana, da kuma na uku fiye da 280. Bayan sati daya da rabi Hukumar bayar a ƙarshe game da nasara ƙarshe na shari'a. "Object 730" gamsar da ajali bukatun da wuce waje takwarorinsu. Duk da dukan inganta da kuma gyare-gyare, an bar su da m ga zamani.

Abu akan sake haihuwa a cikin T-10

A lokacin rani na 1950 10 gwaji tank model aka halicce su. An jarrabe su a daban-daban shafukan. Ba duk abin da aka inganta, amma har yanzu da na'ura kõma. Wani sabon jerin aka kõma sama na aikin, da kuma saki a cikin jerin da aka dakatar da sake. A farko daftarin aka hõre manyan canje-canje, da kuma ya sha nanata canja da sunan da ya IC 8, IC-9 da kuma NE-10.

Alal misali, musamman inji aka bayar a dako ramming. Saboda wannan Threaded 122mm D-25TA makami dako dakatar da 3-4 / min. Shiriya tsarin gun, coaxial gun aka sarrafawa tare da guda actuator TAEN-1. A akwatin da aka yi na 8-gudun, da kuma yadda wani iko shuka amfani da B-12-5 700 l. wani. Track aro daga EC-4, bayar a cikin ƙasa matsa lamba na 0,77 kg / m.

Karshe gwaji na na'ura da aka kammala a watan Disamba 1952. A watan Maris na shekarar 1953, akwai wani mai ban tausayi lokaci ga taron - mutuwar Stalin. Amma da raguwa ICs da aka soma a cikin girmamawa da shi - "Iosif Stalin." Kuma a cikin tsari na Ministan Tsaro a kan halitta na tanki a cikin jerin mota kira da T-10.

Production farawa jinkirin, 10 raka'a, a cikin wadannan da aka saki a cikin wannan shekara - 50, da kuma a cikin wani shekara - 90.

gyare-gyare

Bayan kai da saman daya dole ka koma zuwa gaba, don haka ya yi da zanen kaya. A Birnin Leningrad, zane ofishin tsarin ne biyu-jirgin sama karfafawa makamai da aka halitta. Idan baya cika ta a tsaye ƙungiyoyi, yanzu kuma a kwance. Tsara da kuma shigar da wani sabon wurin T-2C. Kaddamar a shekarar 1956, kuma a shekara ta 1957 da aka buga da T-10B.

A shekara daga baya, wani sabon canji. A taro samar da shi aka maye gurbinsu a T-10M. A wannan tanki da aka samu karin iko da makamai M-62T2S (2A17). Armor-sokin projectiles isa gudun 950 m / s da kuma 225 mm makamai soke tare da 1000 m. Muzzle birki wuriyar irin garwaya da mafi yawan recoil, rage lokaci na gaba.

All fasaha inganta, Mun sanya shi mafi kyau tank a lokacinsa, domin kusan shekara arba'in, "tsargi 730" da ke cikin sabis da kuma modified dangane da bukatun. Shi ne m Rasha tank, da yiwu duniya. Don fitarwa ba a halitta, kadai soja rikici, wanda ya samu halartar - mamayewa na kasashen na Warsaw yarjejeniya a Czechoslovakia.

Last nauyi tank na Tarayyar Soviet

Saboda haka, a cikin hamsin hamsin, da aka soma ta karshe Soviet nauyi tank, to, a can sun kasance daban-daban gyare-gyare. Da shi shi ne mafi kyau halittar soja masana'antu, ya kafa duk fasaha aukuwa a lokacinsa. Mu cire shi daga sabis bayan rushewar Tarayyar Soviet, a 1993