"Tunani daga gaban shirayi": An Analysis. Nekrasov, "Tunani daga gaban ƙofar"

Daya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan da mai girma Rasha mawãƙi Nikolai Nekrasov - da waka "Tunani daga gaban shirayin," wanda bincike ne mai muhimmanci milestone makaranta. Yana da aka rubuta a 1858. All marubucin poetic lyrics ake imbued tare da juyayi ga wuri na Rasha mutane, amma "Tunanin ..." da aka musamman kara habaka wannan leitmotif.

yi reflexing

Kan aiwatar da tunani, tunani, dipping wani ne wani ɓangare daga cikin manyan Rasha wallafe-wallafe. Kusan dukkan manyan kasida da aka bukata aiki a karkashin sunan "Duma". Isar da shi a lõkacin da "Journey daga St. Petersburg zuwa Moscow» Radishchev ko "Moscow - Petushki" Yerofeyev. A cikakkar daidai da wannan musamman Rasha wallafe-wallafen style of "zurfin tunani" ya rubuta aikin Nekrasov. "Tunani daga gaban shirayi" daidaituwa shige zuwa cikin wallafe-wallafen da kuma falsafa da tunani.

Tarihi na halitta

An sani cewa poetic hali guda - ya main ƙofar - wanzu a gaskiya. Shi ne ya Rasha mawãƙi kallo kowace rana daga taga. Kuma quite sau da yawa shi taba halarta a kowace rana a wannan mashiga da aka taron wanda jira domin alherin da za a yarda da su buƙatun da kuma tsammanin, ciki har da "da tsohon mutumin da haihuwa, da gwauruwa ta gaske." Da zarar gani faruwa hoto, ya sha wahala da shi a cikin waka: "Yin Tunani daga gaban shirayi."

Duk da haka, dalilin, sun sa shi a gyara kullum ya lura da juna. A general, daya bangare na Nekrasov ta shayari ne wani shirin. Ya yi aiki ga kama gaskiya burge ya aukuwa ko da mamaki shi tare da wani mutum. Ga sake rubuta shi bugi marubucin batu, wanda aka imprinted a ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar. "Tunani daga gaban shirayin," wani bincike na ta lafiya bambanci nuna cikakken zurfin kwarewa da marubucin.

to black

Da zarar Nekrasov gan ta taga, a wani mafaka a ƙofar daura da tara gaskiya wakilan da Rasha al'umma - maza da suka yi aiki a kan ƙasa, burodi growers, ba da baya extensors. Ya movingly bayyana wadannan petitioners suka yi addu'a a cikin coci, "rataye mai farin gashi kai ga kirji." Duk da haka, babu daya da aka taba da rabo kuma buƙatun cewa babban hannu na Rasha, babu wanda yake so ya yi inuwa da sama m rayuwa irin mummuna haruffa, su bayyanar da su hanzari. A baƙauye, naman da Rasha ƙasar, wanda yaba Nekrasov da sauran manyan kasida da marubuta, da doorman kira da faceless yan zanga-zanga, kawai glancing a su ma'ajiyar odezhy.

A tunani na Rasha baƙauye taba bar Nekrasov da kuma mayar da hankali ciki har da waka "Tunani daga gaban shirayi." Analysis na rubutu ya nuna yadda tawayar da mawãƙi ta unwillingness da kuma rashin iyawa na talakawa mutane su kare kansu. The manoma ba su sani ba su 'yancin da aka tilasta su zama masu neman. A zurfin wannan karkashi ya sa samun abinci sane da Nekrasov. "Tunani daga gaban shirayin," tabbatar da shi kowane kalma.

A protagonist - da mutane

Porter, horar da shekaru da yawa na aikin in da babbar matsayi, horar da take fahimta wanda ya ke fuskantar da kuma abin da wani ya yi wani liyafar. Ya nan da nan ya ga cewa petitioners 'mummuna a cikin idanu na "cewa" armyachishka jingina a kan kafadu. " A cikin irin wannan daki-daki, tare da mai girma tausayi, a amince, shi za a iya ce auna Nekrasov ya bayyana bayyanar da gaji nauyi aiki da kuma dogon ta maza.

Amma don ƙirƙirar wani idyllic image nan da nan karya m "bulala", kuma nan da nan ya bi ta hanyar wani cikakken shawara "ba mu son wani ragged yan zanga-zanga". Kamar bulala mai harsuna wanda doka, "soki kofa". A mafi poignant, nuna kusan dukan tarihin na Rasha mutane, su fatan kuma acin rai, Nekrasov bayyana, a daya jumla, ya gaya wa mai karatu cewa petitioners 'KOSHLAY arko. " Duk da haka, da cewa "ramammu mite" cewa maza iya yi amassed babba adadin lokaci da aka ba girmama ko da wani kadan kallo na Switzerland. Babu shakka, wannan m dinari, da kuma ga mutumin a gare shi - da gumi da kuma jini. Wannan imbued tare da "Yin Tunani daga gaban shirayin," jigo na waka - shi ne wahalhalu na mutane.

Owner marmari da bẽnãye

An muhimmanci dabara na waka "Zamantakewa ..." shi ne a stark bambanci tsakanin waɗanda bã su tambayar da mãsu tambaya. Nekrasov roko ga wani wanda "bai son ragged yan zanga-zanga", bautarka kusan wata uku na aiki. Ya kira shi "mai shi na marmari da bẽnãye", da mawãƙi ya bayyana rayuwar jeri na banza, m ayyuka kamar "barkwanci, gluttony, wasan." Kuma wannan rayuwa, yanã mai fushi marubucin, ya yi imanin "enviable", shi ne "farin ciki", amma saboda "Toshe kunnenka da kyau." Bafadan nan ya shiga waka "Tunani daga gaban shirayi" ba haɗari, kuma ya ƙaddara zai zama joyless.

A mawãƙi ya kira shi zuwa lamirinsa, magana da wa anda "ceto" shi zai iya zama. Amma sai marubucin jũna a warke, yin tambaya more wa kansa: "Me kuke so matalauta mutane?" Ya baƙin ciki game da makomar jama'a, wanda Nekrasov ya sadaukar da aiki, game da Rasha baƙauye, ya infiltrates kowane guda aya, wadannan da bayanin irin m rayuwa bẽnãye mai shi. Ya ce, da babu irin wannan wuri a Rasha gona, duk inda ya ji wani nishi mutum. A brunt ransa Nekrasov ya ɗaukaka maimaitawa na kalmar "nishinsu". Shi ne a cikin wannan fi'ili, kazalika da masõyansa bisa ga mawallafin fi mai da hankali da babban tunani na mutane. Baƙin ciki, encased a cikin waka: "Yin Tunani daga gaban shirayin," bincike na da ji na talakawa maza tura masu karatu don kula da shi.

Hope madawwami baƙin ciki

A na karshe na waka ne Ribar da wani kira, kuma a lokaci guda zuwa ga tambayar waɗanda marubucin sadaukar wa art. A wannan batun, kiran sauti barci motif, wannan barga matsayin muradi nishi, wanda a Nekrasov ta shayari sauti steadily da kullum. A motif na barci dangane da mutum na nufin wani kira ta farka. Tare da girmamawa ga manya, ya yi hasashen karshen. Irin wannan bambanci da yin amfani da daya motif kara habaka da bambanci tsakanin babban samfuri. Babban ra'ayin "Tunani daga gaban shirayi" shi ne ya nuna bambanci ba kawai haruffa, amma kuma hakikanin rayuwarsu.

Za'ayi ta ji tausayi

Wannan himma ga mutane, wanda Nekrasov kishin kusan dukan ayyukansa, da aka nasaba da wani warai sirri gwaninta. A zaluntar mahaifinsa, disinheritance Nekrasov aka gabatar sosai farkon tare da mummuna gaskiya na rayuwa. Tare da shekaru 16 da ya tilasta su sami kansa kuma san farkon kan yadda duniya aiki. A mafi wuya ya dauki da cewa manoma, wadanda rayuwarsu da aka mur da kuma tsoron madawwami gwagwarmayar rayuwa, ba su ma yi kokarin kare 'yancin, da masauki, kuma suka zama dogara a kan yanayi na har ma da manyan jami'ai da su bãyinSa. Duk wannan da aka hada a daya mataki ko wani a cikin "Tunani daga gaban shirayin," wanda shi ne mai yiwuwa a shirya aka haife yawa daga baya.