Vasilevskiy Aleksandr: biography da matsayin

Sha'awa, da Alexander Vasilevsky - Marshal na Tarayyar Soviet da kuma daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci generals da Tarayyar Soviet - a cikin matasa ba tunanin cewa zai yi irin wannan m aiki. Ya bayar da gudunmawar da dogon-jiran nasara a kan Nazi Jamus ya gaske babbar: a cikin mafi wuya ga Soviet jihar shekaru ya gangarawa Gaba Staff, tasowa manyan-sikelin ayyukan soji da kuma harhada su aiwatar.

Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma samartaka

Vasilevskiy Aleksandr Mihaylovich, bisa ga tsarin awo, haife shi a 1895, Satumba 16 (tsohon style). Duk da haka, ya ko da yaushe zaton cewa an haife a ranar daga baya, wato a muhimmanci ga dukan Kiristoci na Faith Festival, bege da kauna, bikin da sabon salon 30 Satumba. Gaskiyar cewa mahaifiyarsa da aka haife a wannan rana, wanda ya ƙaunace sosai. Watakila shi ya sa ya kira wannan ranar a cikin memoirs.

Vasilevskiy Aleksandr - a 'yan qasar na kauye na New Golchikha (Kineshma County). Mahaifinsa, Mihail Aleksandrovich, aiki a matsayin acolyte a St. Nicholas edinovercheskie Haikalin, da kuma mahaifiyarsa - Sokolova Nadezhda Ivanovna - 'yar firist daga kauyukan dake kusa da Uglets. Aleksandr Ros a wani babban iyali, wanda ya kawo har da 'ya'ya takwas. Ya na huɗu yaro.

A 1897 da iyali koma kauye Novopokrovskiy, inda Alexander mahaifin ya zama firist sabuwar gina Hawan Yesu zuwa sama edinovercheskogo Haikali. Da karatunsa ya nan gaba marshal a kanta makaranta, a 1909, nasarar kammala karatunsa daga makarantar addini a Kineshma, sa'an nan suka shiga seminary na Kostroma.

A matsayin dalibi, ya kasance a cikin wannan shekara ya dauki kashi a wani a kasar yajin dalibai suka yi tsayayya da ban a kan kudin shiga ga kolejoji da jami'o'i. A lokacin wannan zanga-zangar, ya kuma da dama daga sahabbansa da aka fitar daga Kostroma hukumomi. Back to makaranta, ya ya iya daukar 'yan watanni, a lokacin da wasu daga cikin bukatun da seminarians an bayyana ta.

A zabi na sana'a

Kamar yadda gane da Wasilewski, firist ta aiki ya kasance ba su da sha'awar, saboda ya so ya yi aiki a cikin ƙasa da sha'awar zama agronomist ko wani surveyor. Amma da tsare-tsaren canza abruptly, a lokacin da farko Duniya.

A kirarin na tsaro na mahaifarsa kama yayin da mafiya yawa daga matasa, da aka ba togiya da Vasilevskiy Aleksandr kuma comrades. Don gama da seminary a shekarar da ta shige, ya kuma da dama 'yan ajinsu wuce karshe waje jarrabawa, sa'an nan ya tafi a kan Alekseevskoe soja makaranta.

A lokacin farko Duniya

Tuni a cikin May 1915, bayan wani kara mana na binciken, wanda dade kawai hudu watanni, sai aka ba da daraja na tushe jami'in da aka aiko zuwa gaban. Haka abin ya fara a soja biography Vasilevskogo Aleksandra Mihaylovicha, nan gaba Marshal na Tarayyar Soviet. Ya farko bauta a daya daga cikin kayayyakin gyara, kuma watanni da dama daga baya ya kan ta Kudu-Western Front, inda ya zama kwamandan a polurotnym Novokhopersk shiryayye. Ga kyau sabis Vasilevsky zarar ciyar da post to kamfanin kwamandan, wanda daga baya aka gane a matsayin mafi kyau a cikin rajimanti.

A cikin bazara na 1916, shi da rundunõninsa dauki bangare a cikin m Brusilov nasara. Sa'an nan da Rasha sojojin sha wahala nauyi asarar da ba kawai daga cikin ma'aikata, amma kuma daga cikin jami'in kungiyar soja. Saboda haka, ya aka nada bataliya kwamandan ba da daraja na kyaftin. Da yake karkashin adjud Nou (Romania), Alexander Vasilevsky koya yi a Rasha Oktoba juyin juya halin. Bayan wasu giga a watan Nuwamba 1917 a lokacin da ya nemi ya bar sabis da ke hutu.

yakin basasa

A marigayi Disamba na wannan shekara, Vasilevsky aka sanar da cewa a kan tushen da nan kwamandan da manufa na zaben, ya kuma an zabe ta sojoji ta 409 th rajimanti, wanda a lokacin ya kasance memba na Romanian gaban, kuma ya kasance a karkashin umurnin Janar Tcherbatcheff. Wannan mutumin nan da wani mabiyin goyon bayan Jamhuriyar Rada, magana ga 'yancin kai na Ukraine. A wannan batun, da soja sashen Kineshma shawarci Vasilevsky taba komawa zuwa ƙasarsa ta rajimanti. Kafin ana tsara a cikin Red Army yana rayuwa a cikin mahaifansa biyu 'gidan, sai aka tsunduma cikin harkokin noma, sa'an nan ya yi aiki don wani lokaci a matsayin malami a cikin biyu na farko makarantu a gundumar Novosilsky (Tula lardin).

A cikin bazara na shekara ta 1919 Vasilevskiy Aleksandr aika zuwa 4th bataliya matsayin mutanena su ka malami, da kuma kawai wata daya daga bisani, ya aka nada shugaban detachment na mutum ɗari da kuma aika zuwa County Efremov (Tula lardin) don yaƙar ƙungiya tashin hankali da kuma samar da taimako ga aiwatar da ragi.

A lokacin rani na cewa shekara ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa Tula, inda kawai kafa wani sabon dakaru division. By lokacin kudancin gaban da dakarun Janar Denikin hanzari gabatowa da birni. Vasilevsky aka nada shugaban 5th dakaru rajimanti. Duk da haka, shi da rundunõninsa ba da su shiga cikin yaki da Denikin, saboda Kudancin Front bai samu zuwa Tula, kuma tsaya Kromy kuma Eagle.

The yaki tare da fadar White Dogayen sanda

A karshen shekara ta 1919 Tula Division aka aiko zuwa Yammacin Front, inda akwai wata gwagwarmaya tare da invaders. Ga Alexander Vasilevsky ya zama mataimakin shugaban rajimanti, da kuma zama wani ɓangare na 15th Army, kafada kafada zuwa tare da rundunarsa suka yi yaƙi da jaruntaka da White Dogayen sanda. A watan Yuli na wannan shekara ya aka canjawa wuri baya ga rajimanti, inda ya zarar ya bauta wa. Wani lokaci daga baya, Wasilewski da hannu a cikin yaki da Polish Army, fãta shimfiɗaɗɗa kusa da Bialowieza Forest.

A wannan lokaci, Alexander ta farko akwai wani rikici da ya magabatansu. Gaskiyar cewa birged kwamandan O. I. Kalnin umurce shi ya dauki umurnin riga ya san inda shiririta mãsu bãyar da bãya rajimanti. Order aka bukata don yi a wani sosai gajeren lokaci, da kuma, a cikin ra'ayi na Vasilevsky, yi shi ne kawai zai yiwu ba. A sakamakon rikicin, ya kusan samu kotu-martialed, amma duk an warware amince, kuma shi ne kawai a farko demoted sa'an nan gaba daya soke umarni na birged kwamandan.

Shiga jam'iyyar

Bayan karshen yakin basasa, Vasilevskiy Aleksandr Mihaylovich, a takaice biography wanda aka gabatar a wannan labarin, ya halarci a cikin tsiyacewa tawagar Bulaq Balakhovich da kokawa da ƙungiya tashin hankali a yankin lardin Smolensk. Kan gaba shekaru goma, ya samu nasarar umarce uku shelves a lokaci guda, 'yan 48th dakaru Division, dake da sansani a Tver.

A shekara ta 1927 ya dakaru dabara horo, da kuma a shekara daga baya, daya daga cikin regiments bambanta kansa a kan koyarwar cewa an alama musamman halitta wannan dalili da dubawa tawagar. A gundumar horar a 1930, rundunõninsa, kuma suka nuna kansu da kyau, samun cikakken ci kuma ranked farko daga cikin da yawa contenders

Yana iya zaci cewa wadannan nasarorin da aka fi mayar da kai zuwa ga speedy canja wurin yin aiki a cikin hedkwatar. Saboda gaskiya cewa A. M. Vasilevsky fara zauna da hakan soja posts, ta shiga cikin jam'iyyar kwaminis ta zama dole. Ya amfani da Politburo. Yana sake nazari a cikin wani gajeren lokaci, da kuma Alexander ya zama dan takarar na jam'iyyar members. Duk da haka, saboda da tsarkakewa 1933-1936 biennium. shi zai dauki jam'iyyar kawai 'yan shekaru baya, a 1938, a lokacin da zai yi aiki a cikin Janar Staff.

muhimmanci tattaunawar

A 1937, Vasilevsky samu wani sabon aiki - da shugaban General Staff na ofisoshin. A 1939, sai ya riƙi wani post - Mataimakin shugaba na Ayyuka Department. A wannan wuri ya ya aka tasowa na farko zaɓi na soja mataki da Finland, wadda aka daga baya sun ƙaryata da Stalin kansa. Vasilevsky Alexander ya kasance daya daga cikin wakilan da Tarayyar Soviet, ya dauki bangare a cikin tattaunawar da ta sayi yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da tare da Finns. Bugu da kari, ya halarci kuma ratar da sabon iyakar da ke tsakanin kasashen biyu.

A 1940, bayan da yawa ma'aikata canje-canje a cikin Janar Staff da jama'ar kasar Commissariat tsaron, ya zama mataimakin shugaban Opreativnogo iko da kuma samu title of rabo kwamandan. A watan Afrilu na wannan shekara ya taka rawa a ci gaban da shirin game da yiwu soja mataki da Jamus. Nuwamba 9 A. M. Vasilevsky matsayin wani ɓangare na Kremlin tawagar karkashin jagorancin Vyacheslav Molotov, da ke sa a tafiya zuwa Berlin domin tattaunawa tare da gwamnatin kasar Jamus.

A farkon na Great Patriotic

Daga farkon zamanin yaki, Manjo Janar Vasilevsky dauki wani aiki sashi a cikin management da kuma ci gaban soja da tsare-tsaren domin kariya daga mu mahaifarsa. Kamar yadda ka sani, Alexander ya daya daga cikin key Figures da hannu a cikin kungiyar na tsaro na Soviet jihar babban birnin kasar da kuma m counter-m.

A watan Oktoba da Nuwamba 1941, a lokacin da soja halin da ake ciki kusa da Moscow ba a cikin ni'ima da kuma General Staff aka kwashe, Vasilevsky ya jagoranci aikin karfi, cikakken sabis umurni. Its main wajibi ya tantance sauri da kuma ma'ana duk abubuwan dake faruwa a gaba, wajen samar da dabarun da jagorori da kuma shirin kula da tsananin iko a kan su kisa, shirya, sa'an nan kuma haifar reserves, kazalika da samar da dukkan zama dole dakarun.

yakin Stalingrad

A farkon yakin A. M. Vasilevskomu've sau da dama ya maye gurbin rashin lafiya babban hafsan hafsoshin Shaposhnikov da kuma ci gaba daban-daban ayyukan soji. A cikin watan Yuni 1942, ya aka hukumance nada ga post. A matsayin wakilin umurni a lokacin daga 23 Yuli zuwa 26 ga watan Agusta, kuma ya kasance a gaba da kuma hadewa hadin gwiwa mataki na daban-daban soja raka'a kan tsaron gida mataki na yaƙi da Stalingrad.

Ya bayar da gudunmawar da ci gaba da kuma kamalar ma'adanin na yaki a lokacin da aka gaske babbar. Duk da yake Zhukov suka yi jihãdi a kan Western Front, Vasilevsky samu nasarar kammala wani counteroffensive a Stalingrad. Bayan da ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa kudu maso yammacin, inda Soviet sojojin nuna tasiri Manstein kungiyar. Abin baƙin ciki, a cikin wani karamin labarin ba zai iya lissafa duk da nasarorin da Alexander Mikhailovich a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, kuma sũ, a yi la'akari da matsayin tarihi, akwai mutane da yawa.

Alexander Vasilevsky: soyayya rayuwa

Matarsa ta farko da aka Serafima Nikolaevna Voronova. A wannan aure dansa George aka haife shi a 1924. Duk da yake Vassilievo iyali ya rayu a Tver. A shekarar 1931, Alexander Mikhailovich aka canjawa wuri zuwa Moscow, inda ya gana da Ekaterinoy Saburovoy, ya nan gaba na biyu matarsa. Ya taba gaya babu daya daga cikin su farkon taron, kamar yadda a wancan lokaci har yanzu babu aure. 3 Bayan shekaru, ya bar iyali da kuma aure Catherine, wanda ya gudanar ya gama da shakka ko mahara mutane. A shekara daga baya suka sami ɗa, wanda aka mai suna Igor.

Ba dole ne a ce cewa iyali ya kasance kullum babba goyon baya ga Soviet soja shugaban, musamman a cikin Great Patriotic War. Bukatarsa ce da cewa soja biography na Aleksandra Vasilevskogo, da kuma Cif na Janar Staff zaci imbin halin kirki da kuma ta jiki ayyuka? Bugu da kari, za mu fara gaya da yawa sleepless dare, tun da shi ne da aka sani cewa I. V. Stalin yi aiki a wannan musamman lokacin da rana, wanda ya bukaci da kuma daga ta muhalli.

Rayuwa a matsayin foda keg

A sadaukarwa soyayya matarsa, ba shakka, da goyan bayan Vasilevsky, amma babu daya kusa da Soviet gwamnati ba zai iya rayuwa a cikin zaman lafiya. The m danniya da ba a sani ba, abin da zai faru gobe da shi da iyalinsa, sosai raunana marshal.

Wata rana a 1944, ya raɗa masa ƙaramin ɗan yi magana, daga abin da ya bayyana da cewa Alexander ya so ya ce ban kwana. Kuma shi ya ba da mamaki, kamar yadda rayukan dukan wanda aka kewaye Stalin, aka rataye da wani thread. An sani cewa a Volyn, a kan gwamnatin dacha Vassilievo iyali, duk hidima, ciki har da 'yar'uwa-uwar gida, dafa da kuma ko da wani reno, sun ma'aikata na NKVD.

peacetime

Bayan nasara a kan Nazi Jamus a watan Maris shekarar 1946 zuwa Nuwamba 1948, Marshal Alexander Vasilevsky shi ma Chief of Staff da mataimakin ministan Tarayyar Soviet Armed Forces. Daga shekarar 1949 zuwa 1953 ya gudanar da ministoci posts a cikin Armed Forces of Tarayyar Soviet.

Bayan I. V. Stalina mutuwa rami marshal koma sama da kasa. A 1953-1956 gg. Ya yi aiki a matsayin na farko mataimakin ministan tsaron, bayan da ya tambayi da za a kuranye daga mukaminshi. A kasa da watanni biyar, Vasilevsky aka sake ta koma tsohon matsayi. A karshen shekarar 1957 da ya gabata domin kiwon lafiya dalilai, sa'an nan kuma sake dawo da baya.

Mutu Alexander Vasilevsky (ga photo. Sama) Disamba 5, 1977 Kusan duk rayuwarsa da kuma aikin da aka gaba daya mayar da hankali a kan bauta wa da motherland, don haka, bisa ga kafa hadisin a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, aka binne shi kusa da bango na Moscow Kremlin.