Wisła - mafi tsawo a kogin Baltic Sea basin

Kogin Wisla shi ne mafi girma kogi ba kawai a Poland, amma har a cikin Baltic Sea basin. Da ruwa, shi ne na biyu kawai ga Neva. Tushen Vistula suna a cikin Baranya Mountain a tsawon mita fiye da mita 1 a saman teku a Western Carpathians (Moravian-Silesian Beskids). Babban tushen shi shine Black Hangman da White Hangman. Tsawon kogin yana da kilomita 1047, kuma yankin da ke cikin kwandon yana da murabba'in kilomita dubu 198.5. Vistula empties a cikin Baltic Sea a kusa da birnin Danzig. Ramin Vistula a wasu wurare ya kai mita 7. A mafi muhimmanci aikin gandu na River San, da kasashen yammacin Bug, Narew da Pilica. Matsakaicin iyakar tashar ita ce mita mita dubu. Gidan ruwa mai girma Vistula ya karɓa daga masu fitowa daga Carpathians. Ruwan kogin ya dogara da meltwater. Dukansu a cikin hunturu da kuma lokacin rani akwai ambaliya. Hawan ruwa mai zurfi da kuma ruwa, da kuma matsalolin kankara, zai iya haifar da ambaliya. Vistula akan taswirar Turai yana tsakiyar.

Formation of Vistula River

A cikin duniyarmu a lokacin Quaternary ma'aunan kasa lokaci bayyana Vistula River. Taswirar yau baya nuna girman ko jagorancin kwafin ruwa na wannan ruwa. Tun daga wannan lokacin, sauyin yanayi sau 8 ya zo ƙasar Poland, kuma duk lokacin da ya canja kwarin kogi. Sifofinsa na yanzu Wisla ya ɗauki kimanin shekaru 14,000 da suka wuce, lokacin da dutsen Scandinavian na ƙarshe ya bar ƙasar. Amma a yau kogi ya ci gaba da zama, kamar yadda aka nuna ta hanyar haɗuwa da haɗuwa tare da tsawon tsawon gabar kogin da kuma mummunan lalacewa na bankunan. Babban mahimmancin Vistula a tsakanin koguna na Turai yana da matsala. Wannan shi ne sakamakon "aikin" na glaciers. Sashin hagu na asusun basin kawai kawai ne kawai 27%, lokacin da ke dama - 73%. Tare da Vistula akwai wurare 3: yankin yankin Carpathian, da Yammacin Turai Upland da Gabashin Turai.

Tarihin kogi da yankunan da ke kusa

A karo na farko da aka ambaci Wuri na Wisla cikin tarihin tarihin Pliny Elder. A cikin karni na II AD, tsohon masanin Girkanci Ptolemy ya rubuta cewa ita ce iyakacin iyakar yankuna tsakanin ƙasashen Sarmatians da Jamus. A zamanin d Roma, River Vistula tasa dauke ƙasashe na Jamus kabilu. Gudun da Slavs ta wadannan yankuna ya faru a karni na 6 zuwa 8. Vistula ya halicci jihar tare da wasu uku: Krakow, Straduve da Sandomierz. A cikin karni na 10, wata kabilar Slavs ta ci gaba da cin nasara ta kasar - gonaki, wanda ya haifar da Poland ta zamani. Krakow ya kasance babban birnin kasar. A nan ne sarakunan Poland sun kasance kambi har zuwa 1610, lokacin da Warsaw ya zama tsakiyar jihar. Vistula ya kasance mafi mahimmancin ruwa daga tsakiyar Turai har zuwa Baltic Sea.

Dalili na tattalin arziki na Vistula

Wisla (Poland) ita ce babbar tasirin ruwa a kasar. Ya ƙunshi kashi 60 cikin 100 na duk albarkatun ruwa, kuma kwandonsa ya rufe rabin yankin ƙasar. A cikin tattalin arzikin kasa na Poland, kogin Vistula yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Ya ci gaba da kaya da fasinja na jirgi don jiragen ruwa tare da sauyawa har zuwa 500 ton. Akwai tashoshin wutar lantarki da yawa a kan Vistula, mafi yawancin shi ne tashar wutar lantarki na Wloclawek. Tana iya aiki fiye da 160 MW. Bugu da ƙari, da ruwa na masana'antun masana'antu a Poland, kogin ya ba da ruwa ga masana'antu da masana'antu, irin su Cibiyar Gidan Gida ta Novaya Guta da Kotovice Giant Metallurgy, Płock, shuke-shuke na man fetur, FAS (Warsaw motar mota), shuke-shuken nitrogen a Wlocllavik da sauransu.

Duwatsu, wasanni da yawon shakatawa

Kogin Wisla yana da kyau ga abubuwa masu yawa. Wannan tafiya ne da yawon shakatawa na ruwa, kazalika da kogin ruwa. Akwai wurare masu ban mamaki guda biyu: a bakin da Vepsha. A kogin gudana ta hanyar wannan manyan Yaren mutanen Poland birane kamar Warsaw, Krakow, Gdansk, Wloclawek, Plock, Tarnobrzeg, Torun, da sauransu. Abin sha'awa shine fadar ruwa a Gulf Gulf na Westerplatte, inda yakin farko na yakin duniya na biyu ya faru. Tafiya ta hanyar Vistula, zaku iya ganin abubuwan al'ajabi na gine-gine da tarihin: Cathedral of Saints Stanislaus da Wenceslas a Krakow, tsohuwar garin a Tarnobrzeg, da Royal Castle, da Lazensk da manyan shugabanni a Warsaw, Bridge Bridge a Plock, Hall Hall da kuma Royal Chapel a Gdansk, gidan Mashahurin astronomer Nicholas Copernicus a Toruń, fadar da kuma shirya kullun Czartoryski a Pulava. Hanyar yawon shakatawa tare da Vistula a cikin 'yan shekarun nan suna da matukar farin ciki tsakanin mutanen Rasha.