Zanen - menene wannan? Zanen dabaru. ci gaban da zanen

Great, masanin kimiyya da Renaissance artist Leonardo Vinci ce: "zanen - shi ne shayari da aka gani, kuma shayari - wannan zanen, wanda aka ji." Kuma wanda zai iya ba amma yarda da shi. The real art ne da gaske gane cikakken. Mun gani, kuma kalla, da kuma ji, kuma ka tuna da muke son kayan zane. A duniya Masterpieces kasance a tunanin mu, domin shekaru masu zuwa.

Nau'o'i da iri art

Zanen mai hoto, da mayen aikin shi a cikin wani jihar, musamman hali. A samfurin ba ya samun a cika, ya cancanci soyayya da kuma kulawa, idan kawai siffar da launi za a nuna a kan shi. The artist zamar masa dole ya ba da rai da abubuwa, mutane - baiwa, mai tartsatsi iya zama wani asiri, yanayi - wani irin ji da kuma abubuwan da suka faru - a hakikanin kwarewa. Kuma wannan mahaliccin taimaka nau'o'i da iri art. Su ka damar yadda ya kamata kai da yanayi na zamanin, taron, gaskiya, shi ne mafi alhẽri a gane da babban dabara, image, wuri mai faɗi.

Daga cikin babban nau'o'i na zane-zane, za a iya kira kamar:

• Tarihi - hoto na facts, Highlights da tarihi na kasashe daban-daban da kuma yanayi dazamani.
• Battle - canja wurin yaƙi al'amuran.
• Home - scenes na rayuwar yau da kullum.
• Daji, yanayin fili - mai zanen yanayi. Rarrabe teku, dutsen, dama, lyrical, yankunan karkara, a birane,, sarari shimfidar.
• Har yanzu Life - misalta da matattun abubuwa: kayayyakinsa, da makamai, kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, da shuke-shuke, da dai sauransu ...
• Hoto - Wannan shi ne hoto, wani rukuni na jama'a. Sau da yawa, artists son rubuta kai-hotuna ko canvases depicting masõyansa.
• Animal - hotuna na dabbobi.

Dabam, za ka iya zaɓar wani mãkirci-jigo Genre da kuma hada a nan cikin aikin, wanda suke da batun camfin, Legends, epics, kazalika da zane-zane na gida da abun ciki.

Nau'in art ma yakan haifar da wani siffar image. Suna taimaka wa artist cimma kammala a samar da zane-zane, ya gaya masa inda ya je da kuma aiki. Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka masu biyowa:

- Panorama - image a cikin yankunan manyan sikelin-format, da sauran look.

- Diorama - lankwasa a cikin wani rabin zoɓe image na fadace-fadace, m events.

- Thumbnail - rubuce-rubucen, hotuna.

- Monumental da kuma na ado zane - zanen a kan garun, da hotuna, lampshades, da dai sauransu ...

- Gumaka - zane-zane a kan addini jigogi.

- ado zanen - halittar m kayan ado a cikin film da kuma wasan kwaikwayo.

- Easel zanen - a cikin wasu kalmomi, a hoton.

- ado zanen yau da kullum abubuwa na rayuwa.

Matsayin mai mulkin, kowane master of zane-zane na zãɓen wani salo da kuma irin zane, wanda shi ne mafi congenial zuwa gare shi, kuma mafi yawa na aiki ne kawai a cikinsa. Alal misali, Ivan Konstantinovich Ayvazovsky (Hovannes Gayvazyan) aiki a cikin style of a seascape. Irin wannan artists ake kira marine painters (daga "marina", wanda aka fassara daga Latin yana nufin "teku").

kayan aiki

Zanen - shi ne wani irin kisan da mãkirci, ya ji ta duniya da launuka da buroshi shanyewar jiki. Kuma ba shakka, irin wannan haifuwa ba za a iya yi ba tare da yin amfani da wasu dabaru, shaci da kuma dokoki. The sosai manufar "fasahar" a cikin na gani zane-zane za a iya bayyana a matsayin sa na hanyoyin, matsayin da m ilimi, da wanda marubucin mafi m, kusa da gaskiya, da kuma ake bayyana ra'ayin na mãkirci na hoto.

A kan abin da irin launi, irin abu, da irin masana'anta za a dauka ga halittar da aikin, da kuma zabi ya dogara a kan zanen dabara. Wani lokaci artist iya akayi daban-daban kusanci zuwa aikinsa, don amfani da cakuda daban-daban styles kuma kwatance. Wannan gine-gine da m ba ka damar haifar da gaske musamman ayyukan art - duniya Masterpieces.

A zahiri, ya gano wani yawan zaɓuɓɓuka saboda zanen. Bari mu auna su a mafi daki-daki.

Zanen zamanin da

A tarihin zane fara da dutse zane-zane na m mutum. A wannan lokaci, da hotuna ba su bambanta ba m al'amuran, wani bore da launuka, amma irin tausaya a su kasance. Kuma a cikin labarun wadanda shekaru fili sanar da mu na wanzuwar rayuwa a cikin m baya. A Lines ne mai sauqi qwarai, iya faɗi batutuwa, unambiguous kwatance.

A zamanin da, da abun ciki na images ne mafi zama bambancin, sau da yawa zana dabbobi, abubuwa daban-daban sa dukan rai labarin a kan garu, musamman idan hotunan an halitta afterlife da Fir'auna, wanda sai da gaske ĩmãni. Game da wani shekara dubu biyu da haihuwa bango zane-zane a fara dauka a kan launi.

Ancient art, musamman, Old, da daukar kwayar cutar zuwa da kuma adana a cikin tsohon gumaka. Su suke da tsarki da misali mafi kyau na al'adu da kai da kyau na Allah. A launi na musamman da kuma manufar - gaba daya. Wannan zanen ake bayyana unreality na zama, da hotunan da kuma sa mutum a cikin tunani na allahntaka, kasancewar wani cikakken art, wanda dole ne su daidaita.

Development of zanen bai wuce ba tare da barin wani alama. Na dogon lokaci bil'adama ta gudanar ya tara real sauran kaya da kuma ruhaniya al'adunmu na ƙarni da dama.

watercolor

Watercolor zanen ne daban-daban haske launuka, launi tsarki da kuma nuna gaskiya amfani da takarda. Haka ne, shi ne a kan takarda surface ne mafi kyau ga aiki a wannan dabara na art. Figure ta kafe da sauri kuma a sakamakon zama mafi haske da kuma Matte irin zane.

Watercolor ba da damar cimma ban sha'awa ebbs lokacin da yin amfani da duhu, monochrome inuwõyinta suna kusa, amma daidai simulates da launi, idan da yadudduka zoba juna. A wannan yanayin, shi dai itace a sami wani sabon gaba daya, m zabin, waxanda suke da wuyar samu ta wasu m dabaru.

Da matsaloli na aiki tare da watercolor

Sophistication na dabarun kamar watercolor zanen, shi ne cewa shi ba ya gafarta kuskure ba da damar improvisation tare da m canje-canje. Idan ba ka son sautin amfani, ko ka samu quite da launi kana so ka gyara wani abu da yake da wuya ga nasara. Duk wani ƙoƙari (elution da ruwa, scraping, hadawa da sauran launuka) na iya kai duka biyu don samar da wani mafi ban sha'awa tabarau da kuma samu da jimlar hoto.

Canza wuri daga cikin Figures, da batun abun da ke ciki na dukkan yiwu kyautata a cikin wannan dabara ne da gaske ba zai yiwu ba a yi. Amma godiya ga m bushewa inks a kan takarda, watercolor zanen shi ne manufa domin zane almara. Kuma cikin sharuddan images of shuke-shuke, hotuna, cityscapes iya gasa da ayyukan yi tare da man fetur.

mai

Kowace daga cikin iri na fasaha zanen da aka bambanta da ta bayani dalla-dalla. Wannan ya shafi biyu, zuwa ga hanya na kisa da kuma watsa m image. Mai zanen - wannan shi ne daya daga cikin rare dabaru da yawa artists. Aiki tukuru a shi, domin shi bukatar wani matakin na ilimi da kwarewa, fara daga shirye-shiryen da zama dole abubuwa, kayan har zuwa karshe mataki - rufe da sakamakon abin kwaikwaya m Layer na lacquer.

A dukan tsari na rubutu mai wajen laborious. Ko da abin da ka zabi kafuwar: zane, kwali ko hardboard (fiberboard), da farko shi wajibi ne don rufe da ƙasa. Yana zai ba da damar mai kyau kwanta da kuma rike da Paint, ba su tsaya daga ta man fetur. Har ila yau, ba ta so irin zane da launi bango. Iri da kuma girke-girke na daban-daban kasa sosai. Kowane artist fi son wani a tsare, wanda aka yi amfani da kuma wanda ya wadãtu da mafi kyau zaɓi.

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, da aikin fenti faruwa a dama, saukarwa, da kuma karshe shafi ne mai lacquer juna abubuwa. Wannan ne yake aikata domin ya kiyaye da yanar gizo danshi, fatattaka (raga) da kuma sauran inji lalacewa. Mai zanen kan kin ayyukansu a kan takarda, amma, godiya ga wata fasahar da ake ji Paint ba ka damar ceton guda na art m for ƙarni.

Fine Arts na kasar Sin

Musamman da hankali zai zama kyawawa don su bada zamanin Sin zanen, saboda yana da wani musamman page a cikin tarihi na art. Eastern hanyar zanen ci gaba a kan fiye da shida shekara dubu. Its samuwar aka nasaba, da sauran sana'o'i, zamantakewa canje-canje da kuma yanayin da faruwa a cikin rayuwar mutane. Alal misali, bayan gabatarwar addinin Buddha a kasar Sin sun samu babban muhimmanci addini frescoes. A lokacin daular Song (960-1127 gg.) Suna zama m zane-zane na tarihi hali, ciki har da gaya musu game da rayuwar yau da kullum. Daji, yanayin fili zanen ya kafa kansa a matsayin mai zaman kanta shugabanci riga a cikin IV karni BC. e. yanayi halitta cikin siffarsa na blue-kore Paint da Sin tawada. Kuma a tara karni, artists ƙara ya fara fenti, wanda su dace da furanni, da tsuntsaye, da 'ya'yan itatuwa, kwari, kifi, embodying a su da akida da kuma hali na epoch.

Features na Sin zanen

Gargajiya na kasar Sin zanen yana da wani rarrabe style, kazalika da kayayyakin amfani ga zanen, wanda a nuna yana da wani tasiri a kan hanyoyin da siffofin Oriental art. Da fari dai, Sin painters amfani don ƙirƙirar wani al'ada goga zane-zane. Ta dubi kamar watercolor da shi ne musamman kaifi tip. Wannan kayan aiki ba ka damar haifar nagartaccen aiki, kamar yadda ne da sani, da style of rubutun da aka har yanzu amfani da ko'ina a kasar Sin. Abu na biyu, kamar yadda da tawada launuka suna amfani da ko'ina - Sin tawada ga (shi ne cewa tare da sauran launuka, amma kuma a matsayin mai zaman kanta Paint amfani ma). Wannan ya faru domin da shekara dubu biyu. Shi ne kuma ya kamata a lura da cewa kafin zuwan takarda fentin a kan siliki a kasar Sin. Yau, na zamani Masters art kasuwanci gudanar da aikin biyu a kan takarda, da kuma a kan siliki surface.

Wannan ba duk da fasaha yiwuwa na zanen. Bayan da aforementioned, akwai mutane da yawa wasu (gouache, pastel, tempera, fresco, acrylics, kakin zuma, zanen a kan gilashin, china da kuma kama. D.), Ciki har da bambance-bambancen karatu sun hakkin mawallafi na art.

zamanin zanen

Kamar kowane nau'i na art, da zanen yana da wani tarihi na zama. Kuma sama da dukan, shi ne halin da matakai daban-daban na ci gaba, multifaceted styles, ban sha'awa kwatance. Ba na karshe rawar da aka buga a nan da zamanin zanen. Kowane daga cikinsu yana rinjayar ba kawai wani yanki na rayuwa daga cikin mutane, da kuma ba kawai a lokacin da wasu abubuwan tarihin da, da kuma dukan rai! Daga cikin shahararrun lokaci a cikin art na zanen za a iya bambanta: Renaissance da haske, kerawa impressionists, zamani, surrealism da yawa wasu. A wasu kalmomin, da zanen - shi ne mai hoto zane na wani zamani, da juna na rayuwa, ra'ayi na duniya ta hanyar da idanu na wani artist.

A ra'ayi na "art" a zahiri tana nufin "rubuce-rubuce rayuwa", wajen bayyana gaskiya vividly, brilliantly da rinjawarwa. Canja wuri zuwa ya zane ba kawai ga kowane daki-daki, kowane kadan abu, wani lokacin, amma kuma da yanayi, da tausaya, launi na wani lokaci, da style da kuma salo na duk ayyukan art.