27 Janairu - Holocaust ambaton Day (homeroom)

Daya daga cikin mafi mugayen manifestations na aiki na Hitler da akidar da aka Holocaust - da taro zalunci da kuma rushewa daga Turai tũba (Yahũdu) a cikin lokaci daga 1933 zuwa 1945. A wani unprecedented misali a cikin tarihi na hallaka tare da aiwatar da kisan gillar da Armenia , a farkon karni na 20th a cikin Ottoman Empire. Janairu 27, Holocaust ambaton Day, an hade tare da na farko saki wani -Osventsima sansani.

Manufar - don halakar da

Babban burin kafa ta raka Hitler da kuma marubuta daga cikin bayani na Yahudawa tambaya, wani m wargajewa mai raba al'umma. A sakamakon haka, ta kashe har zuwa 60% na Yahudawa na Turai, wanda lissafta ga kimanin daya bisa uku na dukan yawan jama'ar Yahudawa. A cewar daban-daban kafofin, aka kashe da kuma 6 da mutane miliyan. A 'yantar zo ne kawai a shekarar 1945, a ranar 27 ga watan Janairu. International Holocaust ambaton Day hadawa da memory ba kawai daga cikin matattu Yahudawa.

A mafi fadi hankali, da sabon abu na Holocaust na Nazi Jamus da kuma sauran ya shafi halakar kasa, kishili 'yan tsiraru, da terminally rashin lafiya, kazalika da likita gwaje-gwajen. Wannan lokaci ya zo designate, bisa manufa, duk wadannan ayyukan da kuma akidar farkisanci. A musamman, da aka shafe wata uku na jimlar yawan Roma yawan jama'a. Ba ciki har da soja asarar da aka hallaka game da goma bisa dari na Dogayen sanda da kuma kimanin miliyan uku daga cikin fursunonin Red Army.

mutuwa inji

A taro "tsarkakewa" na mutum albarkatun key da hankali da aka biya wa marasa lafiya. A tunani da rashin lafiya da kuma guragu aka hõre taro kashe-kashen. Wadannan guda damuwa da kuma 'yan luwadi, wanda tara dubu kasance halakakku. Bayan halakar ƙonawa tsarin na ci gaba da kyautata tsarin wargajewa. Wannan ne ma da ba na mutum ba likita gwaje-gwajen, sansanonin da suke da Frames sanya a kan fursunoni likitoci da masana kimiyya na Wehrmacht.

Lalle ne "m" sikelin wargajewa ci gaba har sai da Allied mamayewa na Jamus ƙasa. A wannan connection, a ranar 27 ga Janairu, ranar tunawa da wadanda ke fama da Nazism, hadawa da dukan adam wadanda ke fama da m wargajewa sansani halitta a cikin tsarin.

Hebrew lokaci

Yahudawa da kansu muhimmanci mafi kusantar su yi amfani da wata kalma - da Shoah, wanda tsaye ga Nazis manufar m halakar da mutane da kuma aka fassara a matsayin bala'i ko bala'i. An yi imani da wani more daidai lokaci fiye da Holocaust. Wannan lokaci hadawa duk wanda ya rayu a shagaltar da yankuna, kuma sun mutu a taro harbe-harbe a cikin sansanonin, gidajen yarin, ghettos, mafaka da gandun daji, a lokacin da ka yi kokarin jawo, a matsayin memba na yaƙin, karkashin kasa motsi a lokacin yunkuri, ko da yake kokarin tserewa, su tsallaka iyaka, ya aka kashe da Nazis da magoya bayan su. Da kalmar Ibrananci juya ta zama mafi nisa-kai da kuma hada wakilai daga dukan al'ummai suka mutu daga Nazi gwamnatin, ya wuce ta cikin m baƙin ciki daga zaman talala da kuma sansanonin, amma har yanzu na tsira. Domin dukkan su a ranar 27 ga Janairu - Holocaust ambaton Day - shi ne mai alama, mai tarihi alama, wanda da wuya a Yahudawa da mutane zai taba iya manta.

mutuwa da rayuwa Figures

Nan da nan bayan da yaki ya fara bayyana farko Figures a kan kisan-kiyashi na uku Reich a Turai da kuma Rasha. Saboda haka, bisa ga farko kimomi ga aiwatar da wani iri-iri dalilai dangane da "na baya" mutane - don amfani a matsayin aiki bawa a yi da kuma samar, kadaici, azãba, halaka - dubu bakwai sansanonin da ghettos shi aka shirya. Yawan m kuma Yahudawa suka Slavic, Dogayen sanda, Roma, demented, 'yan luwadi, terminally rashin lafiya. A farkon karni na 21, an sanar da cewa, irin wannan cibiyoyin Nazis halitta game da ashirin da dubu. Wannan shi ne cikar kai a lokacin na gudanar da bincike ma'aikata da masana kimiyya Holocaust Memorial Museum, wanda aka located in Washington. Shekaru goma da daga baya, wannan gidan kayan gargajiya sanar da cewa ya samu sabon wurare kamar mutuwa sansanonin, wanda, da su lissafin, ya game 42,5 dubu a Turai.

Matsalolin a gano wadanda

An sani cewa bayan da yaki da duniya al'umma bayyana ayyuka na Nazis a matsayin mai laifi a kan zaman lafiya da kuma bil'adama da kuma yanke shawarar yin hukunci da waɗanda suka ragu. A cikin shahararrun Nuremberg gwaji, wanda dade fiye da kwanaki goma, aka sanar da hukuma a wannan lokaci da adadi na matattu Yahudawa - 6 miliyan. Duk da haka, wannan adadi ne, ba shakka, bai gani da gaskiya, domin babu jerin sunayen wadanda. Lokacin da Rasha da kuma m sojojin Nazis halakar da wani burbushi da zai zubar da haske a kan gaskiya. A Urushalima, a National Memorial na Holocaust da kuma heroism, akwai jerin sunayen gano miliyan hudu. Amma da matsaloli na kirgawa gaskiya yawan wadanda ke fama saboda gaskiyar cewa waɗanda aka kashe a cikin ƙasa na Tarayyar Soviet, Yahudawa ba za a iya kidaya, saboda duk aka classified a matsayin "Soviet jama'a". Bugu da kari, akwai mutane da yawa da suka mutu a Turai, inda babu daya a gyara.

A kirga tara data masana kimiyya amfani ƙidaya data dauka kafin da kuma bayan yaki. A cewar wadannan bayanai, a Poland kashe 3 da miliyan Yahudawa Tarayyar Soviet - miliyan 1.2 Belarus - 800 dubu, Jamus, Lithuania da kuma -. Dubu 140, Latvia -. 70 dubu, Hungary -. 560 dubu, Romania -. 280 dubu. Holland - 100 dubu, a Faransa da kuma Jamhuriyar Czech - .. 80 dubu, Slovakia, Girka, {asar Yugoslavia, aka halaka daga 60 zuwa 70 da mutane dubu .. Abin da haduwar ko hanyar lissafin ga duk wanda ya girmama International Holocaust ambaton Day, takaicce bayyana Nazi kisan-kiyashi ne mai laifi a kan bil'adama.

Auschwitz

Daya daga cikin mafi shahara da kuma mummunan mutuwa sansani. Ko da yake a nan da Nazis kasance quite m da la'akari da fursunoni, babu yarjejeniya a kan yawan wadanda ke fama. A cikin duniya aiwatar kira da adadi na miliyan 4 mutane, da SS mutanen da suka yi aiki a sansanin, da ake kira 2-3 miliyan, daban-daban masana kimiyya kira daga 1 zuwa 3.8 miliyan Kubuta ne wannan sansanin da kuma sanya ranar Janairu 27 -. International Holocaust ambaton Day. A sansanin, da aka sani a duniya kamar Auschwitz, an shirya a kusa da Polish garin Oswiecim. Daga 1941 zuwa 1945, 1.4 mutane miliyan aka kashe a da karkararta, da wanda 1.1 miliyan - Yahudawa. A sansanin dade da mafi tsawo, ta gangara a tarihi a matsayin wata alama ce da Holocaust. Shekaru biyu bayan da yaki, a gidan kayan gargajiya, wanda ya zama wani ɓangare na UNESCO Duniya Heritage Site aka shirya.

Tun da yake wannan ne na farko da sansanin, wanda aka saki a lokacin da shan kashi na farkisanci sojojin, ya zama da tsantsa daga zaluntar, inhumanity, a gaskiya jahannama a duniya. A cewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya shawara na 27 Janairu, ranar tunawa da wadanda ke fama da kisan kare dangi 2nd yakin duniya, ya zama na kasa da kasa memory rana.

Matakai uku na warware Yahudawa tambaya

A kan kotun kasa da kasa a Nuremberg shi aka gaya masa cewa hukuncin wannan tambaya ya kasu kashi uku, saukarwa. Har 1940, Yahudawa na Jamus kuma mun tsaftace shi shagaltar da yankin. Har 1942 ya yi aiki da taro na dukan Yahudawa yawan a Poland da kuma Gabashin Turai karkashin iko da Jamus. Sa'an nan kuma aka kafa a fadin gabashin yankin na duhun kai, inda suka ware. The uku lokaci dade har zuwa karshen yaki nufi da cikakken jiki hallaka Yahudawa. Domin a yanke shawara ta karshe an rattaba hannu kai tsaye ta Genrihom Gimmlerom.

Kafin halaka aka shirya, ban da cikin dakin a cikin duhun kai, ka raba su daga sauran mutane, don haka da ake kira fata, da kuma samar da wani cikakken fitar daga harkokin rayuwar jama'a, kwace musu dukiya, kuma ya zo da Yahudawa a jihar inda chances na rayuwa za a tabbatar kawai da aiki bawa. Memory da wadannan laifuffuka da yake a cikin abubuwan da suka faru da aka gudanar a ranar 27 ga watan Janairu. Tunawa da ranar da aka kishin ba kawai ga wadanda suka mutu, amma watakila a sama da dukan wa waɗanda suka yi a kudin babban kokarin gudanar ya tsira.

Tabbatar da dalilin da kwanan wata na

Ya kamata a lura da cewa ba sau daya aka kaddamarda a yakin duniya Chronicle International Holocaust ambaton Day. A ranar da aka amince da a raba ƙuduri na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, shi soma 1 Nuwamba 2005. Sa'an nan, musamman zaman na babban taron MDD sadaukar da 60th ranar tunawa da 'yantar, suka fara da minti na shiru. A taron ya samu halartar, da kuma wata ƙasar da ta zama tushen girma bala'i na Turai tũba (Yahũdu). Democratic Jamus, ya ce sa'an nan ta wakilin, ya koya daga hatsari da kuma wasu batattun sifofi kurakurai da ya wuce management ayyuka ba daidai ba, ɓatacce ne jagora. Shi ne ga wannan kasa a Janairu 27, Holocaust ambaton Day a Jamus, da shekara-shekara bikin a wannan lokaci ne tunatarwa incessant kurakurai. Duk da haka, da Jamus mutane fahimta da alhakin wadannan mutane da ba da gangan zamylivaet ya shige. A shekarar 2011, karo na farko da rana da kuma hada nassoshi da Roma a matsayin wadanda ke fama da kisan kare dangi.

Ilmantar matasa tsara

Kisan-kiyashi aikata by mutumin da mutum ya zama a cikin tarihi da kuma tunawa da mutãne har abada. Duk da haka, akwai irin wannan laifi, da tunãtarwa na abin da ya kamata a maimaita daga lokaci zuwa lokaci don hana, kare, hana. Yana da dangantaka da laifi na tsanaki halakar da Nazis dukan waɗanda suka daukarsa na baya jinsi da kuma ba su cancanci da hakkin rayuwa. Don mafi gano wannan lokaci a cikin makarantu gudanar da bude darussan da zanga-zanga da wani shirin labarinsa, ciki har da safiyo sanya ta Nazis a cikin sansanonin da kuma kisan kare-dangi.

"A Janairu 27 - Holocaust ambaton Day" - homeroom tare da wannan sunan da aka gudanar a da yawa Rasha da Turai makarantu. A lokacin da wadannan darussa jujjũya, a cikin asalin kalmar da kuma ma'anarta. A musamman, kalmar shi ne Littafi Mai-Tsarki Greek tushen cewa yana nufin "hadaya ta ƙonawa." A lokacin darussa da dalibai nuna mai girma nunin faifai da hotuna, sun Flown a duk faɗin duniya bayan da kotun kasa da kasa gyarawa da ma'anar na kasa da kasa bala'i na Holocaust.

Haske mai sandan da ya converged

Tambayar farko da cewa taso ne da ake kira Yahudawa da mutane a cikin binciken na Holocaust, ya sa irin wannan kiyayya? Me ya sa Yahudawa sun zama babban manufar wannan shirin na rushewa daga mutãne? Clear amsoshin wadannan tambayoyi to wannan rana. Daya kowa version ne cewa a wannan lokaci da taro sani na Jamus ya peculiar zuwa anti-Semitism, wanda Hitler ya iya cika wa m girma dabam. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa, a karkashin sunan gayya, kuma ya ya iya gane manufarta na kawar.

Wani dalili da wannan connivance na Jamus mutane ne ake kira abin da aka karɓa daga gare Yahudawa dukiya bayan Kristallnacht a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1938, shi da aka canjawa wuri zuwa talakawa Jamusawa. Daga cikin sauran dalilai, gwagwarmayar dũkiyõyinsu da ga cikin manyan matsayi da cewa Yahudawa sun shagaltar a cikin al'umma, ake magana a kai a matsayin daya daga cikin frontrunners. Duk da haka, kuma wannan ya haddasa Hitler ta rhetoric ya tambaya na launin fata magabaci. Kuma dukan waɗanda suke, bisa ga ka'idar, ta kasance mafi muni na Aryans ãyõyi bayyanannu, kawai da magoya bayan wannan ra'ayin, ya wajaba su hallaka. Kuma 27 Janairu - Holocaust ambaton Day - shi ne na yau da kullum tunatarwa ga abin da za su iya kawo Orthodox bauta da kuma biyayya ga abin da ya da ra'ayin.

International rana ce ta wahala

Duk da fahimtar da kasa da kasa hali na zo gaskiya bala'i ga fiye da rabin karni, guda ranar tunawa da wadanda suka mutu ba, waɗanda suke a masifu da suka faru. Kuma kawai a shekarar 2005 aka yanke shawarar a zabi ranar, wanda shi ne ranar farko ta kwata 'yanci na Auschwitz sansanin - a ranar 27 ga watan Janairu. Holocaust ambaton Day Amma duk da haka a wasu kasashe, a can ne a kan kwanan wata. A Hungary, wannan rana da aka zaba ranar da taro hijirarsa na Hungarian Yahudawa a cikin duhun - Afrilu 16, 1944. da tawaye a cikin Warsaw duhun lokaci, wanda ya faru a Janairu 1943 da kuma aka DANNE matsayin wani abin tunawa a cikin Isra'ila yau. Bisa ga Yahudawa kalanda, a ranar 27 Nisan. A cewar da Gregorian kalanda , wannan kwanan wata zo daidai da lokacin 7 Afrilu zuwa 7 ga watan Mayu. A Latvia tunawa rana an zabe kan Yuli 4, a lokacin da duk majami'u sun kone a 1941. 9 ga watan Oktoba, 1941 fara taro fitarwa na Romanian Yahudawa. A da kwanan wata na Holocaust a Romania. Holocaust ambaton Day a Jamus akwai, kamar yadda a duniya, a ranar 27 ga watan Janairu.