A tarihin 'yan adam: kadan game da farko ƙarni na zama

A cewar daban-daban da shaidunka, da bincike, game da miliyan uku da suka wuce (ko da yake madadin tarihin 'yan adam ya kira sauran Figures) mutane suka fito daga cikin dabba duniya. Game da 35 shekara dubu da suka wuce ya fara da samuwar wannan zamani suke. Talatin da shekara dubu da wayewa fara dauki siffar a sassa daban daban na duniya.

Idan tarihin 'yan adam da aka mayar da su zuwa ranar, daga lokacin da samuwar azuzuwan da kuma jihar da ba lokaci, bisa ga masana kimiyya, da shi da aka gudanar a kawai 4 minti.

A m da zamantakewa tsarin shi ne mafi tsawo mataki. Yana dade game da shekaru miliyan. Ya kamata a lura da cewa daidai lokacin, a lokacin da tarihin 'yan adam, da wuya ka kira. A sama da iyaka (kammala mataki) m tsarin dabam a daban-daban iyaka dangane da nahiyar. Alal misali, azuzuwan a Afrika da Asiya suka fara dauki siffar a nuna na 4-3. BC. e, a Amirka -. 1. BC. e.

Ta yaya tarihin 'yan adam, ya sa sun na farko da mutane, a lõkacin da kuma inda shi ya faru da ya rage wani asiri. Abin baƙin ciki, akwai wani Monuments daga waɗanda dazamani ba.

Periodization na tarihin 'yan adam ne da za'ayi da daban-daban masana kimiyya a hanyoyi daban-daban.

Ko da Roman kuma zamanin da na Sin da masana falsafa san game da wanzuwar uku ƙarni: tagulla (jan), da na dutse, da na baƙin ƙarfe. A 19th - farkon 20th ƙarni, wannan archaeological periodization samu kimiyya ci gaba. A sakamakon haka, masana kimiyya typologize mataki da shekaru na wadannan lokaci.

Stone Age dade sau da yawa fiye da dukan m tarihin 'yan adam. A rabo a cikin hãlãye a wannan zamanin dogara ne a kan kara mawuyaci da canza siffofin dutse kayan aikin.

Stone Age fara da paleolith (Old Stone), wanda, bi da bi, masana kimiyya ware wani m mataki (farkon), tsakiya da kuma na sama (marigayi) paleolith.

Next ta fara srednekamenny shekaru (mesolit mika mulki zamani). Wannan lokaci kuma ana kiranta epipaleolitom (poslepaleolitom) ko protoneolitom (predneolitom). Wasu daga cikin mawallafa ba damuwa a duk.

Kammala da Stone Age Neolithic (New Stone shekaru). A karshen wannan lokaci, akwai farko da jan aiwatarwa. Wannan ya nuna samuwar na musamman mataki - Eneolithic (Chalcolithic).

Structure ciki periodization wadannan ƙarni (New Stone, baƙin ƙarfe da tagulla) da aka wakilta daban-daban masu bincike daban. Quite daban-daban al'adu da tsare a cikin zukatansu, saukarwa.

Archaeological periodization ta kafu ne a kan fasaha al'amurran da kuma ba ya bayar da wani ra'ayi na samuwar samar matsayin dukan. A tsarin ne a halin yanzu a cikin mataki na rabuwa ba sosai duniya a yankin.

Wasu daga cikin gazawa a cikin rãyuwar dalilai binciken burbushin halittu da periodization na m al'umma. Ya dogara ne a kan manufa da nazarin halittu juyin halitta daga mutane. A cewar wannan tsarin na rabuwa a mataki na ci gaba, masu bincike sun ce kasancewar daga cikin tsofaffin (archanthropines), tsoho (palaeoanthropes), kazalika da wani zamani m (neanthropine) mutum. Duk da wasu jayayya, da paleo-anthropological tsarin na rabo na mutane a kan matakai da nasaba da archaeological tsarin.

A daidai wannan lokaci, wadannan na musamman periodization na tarihin 'yan adam ba za a iya kwatanta a muhimmancin da janar tsarin na rabuwa da mutane da suka gabata. Development yayi na tarihi da kuma kayan fahimtar da cigaban dan Adam na farko ya fara tsanani Morgan (American Anthropology). A daidai da kafa a cikin 18th karni rabo daga cikin dukan tsari zuwa wannan zamanin na wayewa, dabbanci da kuma ta'addanci, idan akai la'akari da yi matakin na samar da "rayuwa", da American ethnographer kasaftawa a kowane kayyade shekaru mafi girma, tsakiya da kuma ƙananan matakin. Daga bisani, Engels yaba da periodization, jimlace shi.