Aleksandr Fodorovich Kerensky: biography, kima da hali

A Oktoba juyin juya halin da kuma rushewar da Rasha Empire ta da tasiri a tarihin duniya, a key rawa a wadannan aukuwa taka leda Alexander Kerensky. Biography siyasa cika rubucen da kuma hambarar da. Ƙimar na wani hali ne har yanzu wani al'amari na shawara a cikin tarihi da kuma 'yan siyasa. Duk da haka, don inkarin muhimmanci ga tarihi na Rasha shi ne ba zai yiwu ba.

asalin

Alexander Fedorovich kakanninsa su ne limaman. Bisa ga manufofin, duk da ubanninmu, shin, wanda ya san su a cikin coci. Mai yiwuwa, suka zauna a cikin ƙasa na Penza lardin, saboda akwai kauyen kerenki. Masana tarihi gama sunan Kerensky tare da wannan ethnonym. Alexander ta mahaifinsa, kazalika da dukan 'yan'uwansa, ya shiga seminary. Duk da haka, da coci ba shine al'amarin wahayi zuwa gare shi. Bayan samun digiri ya fara koya. Kuma bayan wani lokaci ya samu mafi girma ilimi a Kazan. Mahaifiyar Alexander Fedorovich ya hereditary noblewoman. Mahaifinta gudanar da wani babban matsayi a cikin War Department. Kakan samu ta m arziki. Saboda haka, ta bikin aure tare da wani malami daga Kazan ya sa wani rikici da iyalinsa.

Alexander ta yarantaka

Fedor Kerensky, kwatsam, ko kafin a haifi Alexander sanar da sauran sanannun siyasa da kuma juyin juya halin Musulunci - Vladimir Lenin. Biyu iyalai (Ulyanov Kerensky) kiyaye dangantakar abokantaka da kuma sau da yawa ya yi magana da juna. Bugu da ƙari, Fedor daukan kula da yara bayan da babban dan na Ulyanov kashe zargin cin amanar kasa. Duk da yake dangi na fursunonin siyasa da aka musamman wuya je a babbar makaranta ko samun wani jihar aiki. Lenin ya iya zuwa jami'a godiya sun fi mayar da malaminsa shawarwari.

A tamanin da tara shekara Kerenskys iyali koma Tashkent. Akwai, Alexander san a makaranta. Ya na da gunki na wata nasara dalibi. Shi ne m na aiki da kuma wasa music, sau da yawa shan kashi a mai son productions. Ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare tare da wani ya samu lambar zinariya. Bayan shekara a St. Petersburg University sami wani sabon dalibi - Alexander Kerensky. Biography siyasa da aka qaddara ne dalibi.

A farko juyin juya halin

A shekara ta 1904, Kerenskiy Aleksandr Fodorovich sauke karatu daga Faculty of Law, kuma ya fara aiki a matsayin lauya. A lokaci guda akwai ya saba da Socialists. Tara Janairu ɗari tara da biyar shekara daukan sanya wani procession ga Winter Palace. The kowa mutane so su bayyana rashin biyan bukata da rayuwar siyasa na kasar da sarki. Duk da haka, da m Maris aka gilla mur da sojoji da Cossacks. A kan waɗanda gwagwarmaya da suka tsira da "Kazamin Lahadi", laifi aikace-aikace da aka kafa. Alexander Kerensky shiga cikin jam'iyya na lauyoyi da cewa kare wadanda ake zargin.

Bugu da kari, da Kerensky rubuta articles for daban-daban gurguzu latsa. Daya jarida, wanda aka buga da rikodi na Alexander - "Petrel" da aka tace. Don da lauya zo tare da wani search tushe, a lokacin da samu wani makami da kuma 'yan neman sauyi leaflets. Bayan da ya aka ɗauke shi zuwa gadi. Kerensky kiyaye a cikin Kresty da aka sani har spring, tara-shida. Bayan wannan cajin ya aka barrantar, amma duk da haka aika zuwa Turkestan.

A Uzbekistan, da iyali na siyasa 'yan gudun hijira daga babban birnin kasar ba su zauna dogon. Watanni hudu daga baya, Kerensky koma zuwa St. Petersburg. A duk da barazana daga 'yan sanda, da kuma kwanan nan fitarwa na Alexander ya kõmo zuwa shiga a cikin tafiyar matakai na rawa. Wannan lokaci, ya taka rawar da m da dama manoma wanda tõne kadarori. Up to ɗari tara da goma ne da hannu a dama sauran high-profile gwaji.

A watan Janairu, Kerenskiy Aleksandr Fodorovich zama barristers. Sabuwar alƙawari muhimmanci unleashes lauya. Ya ci gaba da rike da line na tsaro na socialists da kuma yunkuri. Bayan wani lokaci a cikin sabon matsayi zama shugaban kariya Turkestan SRs. Duk da pessimistic kintace, shi kulawa don kare kare kansu daga kisa.

A gaba high-profile shari'a na Alexander shi ne yanayin da Armenian radicals. A daidai wannan lokaci da gudanar da bincike fara harbi manoma a Lensk, wanda ya karbi duka-Russian martani. Bayan da cewa, 'yan sanda suka fara murkushe duk lauyoyi da kuma jama'a Figures, da suke a gefen daukan hankali ma'aikata. Sabanin da akai matsa lamba daga gwamnati, Alexander Fedorovich sarrafa da kuma motsa kara up da aiki tsani. A cikin goma sha uku shekara, an zabe shugaban Fourth Congress of ma'aikata na cinikayya da masana'antu, yana zama Kerensky. Biography of saman echelon na siyasa ta fara bayan wannan ganawa. A shekara daga baya, Alexander aka zabe ta a Jihar Duma. A wannan lokaci, yana fita daga cikin SR jam'iyyar, kamar yadda suka yanke shawara su kauracewa zaben. Saboda haka Kerensky ne m ga kadan-san jam'iyyar Trudoviks, cewa a shekara daga baya, ya kuma shugabannin.

A shigarwa a cikin majalisar dokokin kasar

Siyasa aiki a cikin Duma, shugaban na Trudoviks bada m roko ga kawo dukkan da kowa mutane. Ya oratory basira suna kishin wakilai, dukkan hagu-reshe jam'iyyun. A rashin tsoro da jawabai da tsohon lauya ne ko da yaushe da cibiyar da hankali na manema labarai. Bugu da kari ga ayyuka a cikin Duma, ya ce kuma a kwamitin na Grand Orient paramasonskuyu kungiyar. The main mayar da hankali na wannan shari'ã, kungiyar na sauran lodges ya kan manufofin. A sha shida shekara, Alexander ya zama daya daga Rasha ta fi shahararren 'yan siyasa. Kerensky ta rayuwa shi ne da wuya sosai. Constant matsa lamba, 'yan sanda kula, matalauta kiwon lafiya ke haifar da juyayi breakdowns. Game da matalauta kiwon lafiya tuna a matsayin Sahaban na Kerensky, zuriyarsa. Kiyaye records, daga wanda ya bi abin da Alexander ya sha nanata suma daga ciwo mai tsanani. Amma sai ya ci gaba da aiki.

A sha shida shekara na Rasha yaki matse duka juices. Saba wa doka a kan haramcin daukar ma'aikata na 'yan asalin mutane, da Sarkin sarakuna Nicholas yanke shawarar da ya yi shirin yaqi Turkestan, yin up for hasarori a gaban. A gida yawan reacts zuwa tawaye irin wannan hukunci. Don bincikar lamarin Duma Halicci musamman hukumar, karkashin jagorancin Kerensky. Bayan isa a garin Tashkent Alexander unequivocally ya furta cewa, duk da laifi ga tashin hankali ya ta'allaka da ma'aikatar cikin gida da kuma jami'an} aramar hukumar. Wannan ƙarfi bayani ne samun juyayi daga Musulmai masu sassaucin ra'ayi da kuma 'yan adawa ga halin yanzu tsarin mulki.

Fabrairu juyin juya halin

By shekara ta sha bakwai na Rasha Empire da kalaman na damunsu da tsarist tsarin mulki. Fara zanga-zanga da kuma gangami. Ma'aikata buge. Halin da ake ciki glows a matsayin babbar dama deserters daga gaban. Simple manoma ba su sani ba me ya sa yaki, a cikin abin da dubban daruruwan sojoji aka kashe a kowace rana. A cikin mafi girma echelons na ikon fara magana game da kifar da autocracy. Daya daga cikin manyan proponents na irin wannan m canji ne Kerensky. Biography neman sauyi ta fara da ya shahara Fabrairu magana a cikin Duma. Ya fito fili ya kira su sãɓã wa sarki doka, a gaskiya - to jiki kawar da autocracy magoya bayan. Ya fara wani boren. Da buri na Duma na Nicholas II Halicci wucin gwamnati, wanda ya hada da Alexander Fedorovich. Ya sau da yawa yakan yi magana da kowa mutane. Rayayye sadarwa tare da shugabannin m ƙungiyõyin da 'yan tawayen.

ta goma sha bakwai spring riqe da post na ministan shari'a. Kamar yadda wani tsohon lauya, ya aka masani a cikin intricacies na shari'a tsarin na Rasha Empire. Saboda haka, nan da nan ya fara m sake fasalin. Kerensky siyasa ne halin da hukunci mataki. Warware daga kurkuku duk yunkuri. Mutane da yawa daga cikin repressed an dawo daga links, kuma nan da nan suka fara taka a fagen siyasa da rayuwa.

Canje-canje halin kotu tsarin. Soke ta mafi girma kotu, akwai wani reorganization na juri. Mutane da yawa mahukunta da kuma masu kara don a tsayar. Kuma a cikin wasu lokuta, da ma'ana domin wannan ne denunciations lauyoyi.

soja sabis

Ayyukan Kerensky ta soja ya fara bayan da na ɗan lokaci gwamnatin na rikicin. Allied Entente iko bukaci Rasha ci gaba hannu a cikin yaki. Duk da haka, da yawa socialists dauke da wani m hangen zaman gaba. A sakamakon rikicin barke cewa ya razana su raba. Amma ikon zo a kan concessions da halitta da Duma hadaka. Alexander F. samun post na ministan War. A cikin sabon matsayi, ya, kazalika da a baya, zai fara manyan sikelin-sauye-sauye. A mafi muhimmanci matsayi ne abokansa. Maimakon gogaggen generals sa mutanen da suka halarci a cikin Fabrairu juyin juya halin. A post na babban kwamandan ne samun shahararsa a Brusilov mutane.

Duk da haka, don canja halin da ake ciki a gaban sabuwar generals iya ba. Rasha sojojin su ci gaba da kai babbar asarar. Bawo ne har yanzu bai isa ba. Bayan da sojojin da sake fasalin da kuma weakening tarbiyya sojoji gudu en sun mayar. Daya daga cikin hanyoyin fita daga wannan halin da ake ciki shi ne Kerensky. Gwamnatin wucin, to ko ta yaya dakatar da gudu sojojin, Halicci musamman na son rai "mutuwa squads." The gwamnatin shirya da gaban irin raka'a zai yi farfaganda nasara da kuma fada ruhu zai koma ga gaba.

A babbar shahararsa a cikin jama'a

A wannan lokaci Kerensky ne Popular a Rasha. Ne da ya saba mai yi a taro, ya ce rashin tsoro da jawabai. A taron na son shi. Alexander F. sosai ya kula da siffarta na "da murya na mutane." Ya yi aikin a cikin wani soja jacket style da kuma sa a takaice hairstyle, hankula talakawa ma'aikacin. Duk da haka, neman sauyi tsanani ga ambato bice. A kasar na da karfi tattalin arziki da zamantakewa rikicin. A wurare da dama ya barke karancin abinci. Bold gyara daga cikin sojojin, wanda a farko da aka gani a mutane da yabo, ba ya bayar da wani sakamakon. Wannan rikicin da ake amfani da Bolsheviks. A mutane fara yada jita-jita, da cewa gwamnatin shiga wata yarjejeniya tare da kawayenta da kuma shirye yaƙi zuwa karshen. Irin wannan labarai da aka ba sosai gamshi mutane a gaban. Mutane da yawa sun yi fatan cewa za su iya komawa gida bayan da kifar da autocracy.

Kerensky da 1917 juyin juya halin

A watan Yuli, Alexander Fedorovich zama firaministan kasar. Ya yana goyan bayan da majalisar. The shugaban gwamnatin Kerensky fara m a gaban. Duk da haka, collapsing sojojin ne da ikon nasarar yaki. The m ya ci tura. Wasu generals aika sojoji zuwa cikin babban birnin kasar, domin kafa soja mulkin kama karya, da kuma "mayar da oda". Duk da haka, gwamnatin wucin ba da damar da nassi daga cikin Crimean dakarun Janar a Petrograd.

Lenin da Kerensky ne a 'yan adawa da juna. A watan Oktoba, shi ya zama a bayyane yake cewa Bolsheviks aka shirya yi. The sojojin karshe watse. Sojoji ko'ina shirya lynchings da kuma kwace mulki. Alexander F. soke majalisar dokokin kasar da kuma a zahiri zama fir'auna. A wannan lokaci Bolshevik tsẽgumi kafa rundunar da mutane a yi tawaye. Ƙarƙashin ikon gwamnatin wucin ya rage kusan fama-shirye raka'a, wanda zai iya tsayayya da tawaye. Kerensky aka cike take kokarin shawo sansanin sojoji a Petrograd a kan su gefe, wanda ya haddasa su don kammala miƙa mulki ga kwaminis sansanin. A sakamakon haka, da Winter Palace aka kutsa. Alexander F. tsere. Evaluation na Kerensky ta hali da American jakadan matsayin kasance kamar haka. Kamar yadda ya bayyana da jami'in diflomasiyyar, shugaban gwamnatin ba kawai nuna shugabanci damar iya yin komai, a wani rikicin, amma kuma suka yi jihãdi na musamman domin su image. Duk wani ministoci suka iya samun shahararsa a cikin mutane ya aka nan da nan kora.

Flight wahalhalunsa da hijirarsa

Bayan da Bolsheviks kwace mulki a Petrograd Kerensky gudu daga cikin birnin. Ya yi kira ga daban-daban generals, amma ba wanda bai kai shi. A sakamakon haka, shi ne directed zuwa arewa. Bayan wani lokaci, Alexander ya sauka a Finland. Daga can a guje a London. Farawa siyasa ayyuka a kasashen waje. Yana nufin da yammacin Turai yan siyasa tare da tayi na nan da nan baki a Rasha. Ya zaune a Paris. Bayan kama birnin da Nazis gudanar sake, wannan lokaci a Amurka. A zaman gudun hijira, ya rayu har zuwa tamanin da tara. Aka binne shi a London.

Evaluation na Kerensky ta hali

Ra'ayin game Aleksandre Fodoroviche bambanta. Magoya bayan na Soviet gwamnati da kuma Oktoba juyin juya halin, a populist la'akari da shi a m na mutane. Its aiki ne rated a matsayin wani counter-neman sauyi. Halaye na Kerensky a lokacin Soviet lokacin da aka musamman korau. Ya aka dauke da laifin da rikicin da yakin basasa. Duk da haka, a cikin sittin sun tattauna game da yiwu koma da Tarayyar Soviet. Duk da haka, ba su kasance m. Leftist masana tarihi sun yarda da cewa Alexander ya ma m, kuma m domin iko.

Soviet gwamnatin abokan adawar ma yi imani Kerensky wani m. Duk da haka, a wannan yanayin, ya ake zargi da sakaci a wuya lokacin for Rasha.