Abin da ya shahara Ivan Susanin? Ivan Susanin: biography, feat

Ivan Susanin wani manomi wanda ya rayu a Kostroma gundumar. A cikin tarihi na Rasha shi ne da aka sani a matsayin mutumin da ya sami ceto sarki (Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov) daga Yaren mutanen Poland invaders. Don kwanan akwai wani abin dogara bayanai a kan shaidar wannan kasa gwarzo. Kamar yadda tarihi tarihin, Susanin aiki a matsayin dattijo a kauyen Domnino Kostroma gundumar. Detachment na Yaren mutanen Poland invaders Ivan Osipovich tambayi don a kawo su kauye, inda ya zauna sarki Mikhail Romanov. A wannan Susanin lada da aka kamata su. Maimakon haka, a nan gaba gwarzo na Dogayen sanda fara a cikin m gandun daji. Bayan wasu yawo invaders gane cewa mutumin yanke shawarar halaka su. Bayan shafe tsawon azabtarwa wani baƙauye, suka gane cewa shi ba ya nuna hanya manyan zuwa kauyen. Dogayen sanda kashe Susanin. Amma kuma kisankai nan ya mutu a cikin gandun daji swamps. Yau sunan wannan daraja adam immortalized. A hujja daga cikin wanzuwar gwarzo ne a diploma, ya gabatar da surukin. Har ila yau, same kusa Kostroma gawar wani mutum wanda a fili yake Susanin. Kuma yanzu la'akari a more daki-daki fiye da sanannen Ivan Susanin da kuma nazarin wasu daga cikin hujjojin da ya biography.

A rayuwa na Ivan Susanin

Kafin a ci gaba kai tsaye zuwa ga mafi exploits kuma mutuntakarsa Ivana Osipovicha Susanina, so ka san ko mai karatu tare da lokaci a cikin abin da ya rayu cikin girma shahidi. Don haka shi ne a cikin farkon rabin karni na XVII. A farkon 1600 ta, Rasha rungumi unprecedented aji, addini da kuma bala'o'i. A lokacin da wannan lokaci akwai: sani Holodomor 1601-1603 shekaru, da fadawar kursiyin ƙãƙalen faɗarsa, zuwan iko Vasiliya Shuyskogo, da Yaren mutanen Poland mamayewa a 1609, da kuma mayakan sa kai a 1611, da kuma wasu batutuwa.

Great baƙin ciki a karba, kuma zuwa Kostroma yankin, inda, a gaskiya, ya rayu Ivan Susanin, biography abin da ya fita da yawa m aibobi. Domin aukuwa cewa faye hali lokaci sun hada da: halakar Kostroma ta 1608-1609 arya Dmitry II na, da kai hari a kan Ipatiev sufi, da shan kashi na Yaren mutanen Poland da sojojin Kineshma da sauran jini events.

Shin abubuwan da suka faru da aka bayyana a sama, wato, juyayi, internecine woes da mamayewa na makiya, da hali to Susanin da iyalinsa, ko kuma har sai wani lokaci a kusa da su irin jam'iyyar - shi ne ba a sani ba. Amma duk da wannan zamanin - lokacin da Ivan Susanin rayu. Kuma zuwa gidan da gwarzo yaki zuwa dama sa'an nan, a lokacin da ya zama kamar ma cewa shi ne a kan.

hali Susanin

Ivan Susanin, wanda biography ƙunshi sosai kadan a san facts, mutumin da yake har yanzu ban sha'awa. Ba wai kawai cewa, mun san da wanzuwar wannan mutumin. Mun sani kawai cewa Ivan 'yar tare da wani sabon abu da sunan ga zamaninmu - Antonida. Mijinta ya manomi Bogdan Sabinin. Muna da biyu jikoki Susanin - Constantine da kuma Daniel, amma a lokacin da aka haife su, shi ne ba a sani ba.

Akwai kuma wani bayani game da matarsa da kuma Ivan Osipovich. Masana tarihi ayan yi imani da cewa a lokacin da baƙauye feat shi ya daina rai. Kuma kamar yadda a daidai wannan lokacin Antonida 16 years old, da masu bincike tambayi yadda shekaru masu yawa ya kasance Ivanu Susaninu, a lokacin da ya fara a cikin Yaren mutanen Poland gandun daji, ya amsa da cewa ya kasance a cikin adulthood. Wancan ne, shi ne game 32-40 shekaru.

Lokacin da duk abin da aka yi

Yau da yawa mutane san abin da ya shahara Ivan Susanin, da kuma abin da ya zartar da feat. Amma game da gaskiyar a abin da shekara da kuma a wane lokaci ne duk abin da ya faru, akwai da dama versions. Kamar yadda na farko: da ya faru a cikin marigayi kaka 1612. Kamar yadda wani shawara a cikin ni'imar da cewa kwanan wata, bayar da wadannan bayanai. A wasu hadisai a tambaya cewa Ivan sa sarki a cikin wani rami kwanan nan ya ƙone sito. Kamar yadda tarihi ya gaya mana cewa idan da gwarzo ne kuma rufe rami sunyi allon. Amma wannan ka'idar ya hana mafi yawan masu bincike. Idan wannan shi ne har yanzu gaskiya, kuma zamanin da Legends ba karya, cewa shi ya gaske fall kamar yadda barns stoked da kuma kora shi a wannan lokaci na shekara.

Kuma watakila har yanzu na karshe hunturu watan da 1613th?

A cikin zukatan talakawa mutane, godiya ga m art zane-zane, da wallafe-wallafen da ayyuka da kuma opera Glinki M. I., kahu sosai cikin image na Ivan Susanin, wanda ya jagoranci Dogayen sanda snow drifts ta cikin gandun daji. Kuma shi ne na kowa version. Saboda haka, akwai dalilin yi imani da cewa feat da aka kammala wani wuri a cikin kashi na biyu na Fabrairu ko farkon watan Maris. A wannan lokacin, shi ne ya aiko da Dogayen sanda, waɗanda za su kashe da Tsar Mikhail domin halakar da karfafawa na Rasha da kuma kara tsẽre ga ikon zama shugaban Rasha kursiyin.

Amma duk da haka, ba wanda zai taba sani ba da gaskiya kamar yadda ya ainihin ranar da hali. Bayan duk, wani mai wuce yarda manyan yawan muhimmanci bayani zama wani asiri. Wadanda cewa gudanar ya ajiye mafi m fassara, ba daidai ba. Abin da ya shahara Ivan Susanin, muna sane da. Kuma bari komai kuma ya kasance a labari.

Mutuwa Susanin a Derevnische

A 'yan tarihi, wanda gaya yadda Ivan Susanin boye Romanov Yamnik Derevnische a cikin kauye, a tambaya da kuma cewa a wannan kauye Ivana Osipovicha Dogayen sanda bada kai azabtarwa sa'an nan hana rai. Amma wannan ka'idar ba da goyan bayan duk wani abuba. Wannan version aka ba da goyan bayan kusan duk wanda ya yi karatu da rai daga cikin shahararrun gwarzo.

Mafi na kowa version na mutuwa

Next ka'idar game da mutuwa da gwarzo ne mafi kyau da aka sani kuma mafi goyan bayan masana tarihi. A cewar shi, Ivan Susanin, a feat wanda aka bayyana a sama, ya mutu a kan Isupovskom fadama. Kuma surar ja Pine itatuwa da cewa ya girma a kan jini na gwarzo, an dauki wuce yarda poetic. Biyu fadama sunan sauti kamar "Clean" saboda an yi wanka a jini jin zafi Ivan Osipovich. Amma duk da wannan ne kawai hasashe almara. Amma zama da cewa kamar yadda shi may, shi ya fadama ne babban shafin na mataki na duk Susaninskaya feat. Baƙauye tashin hankali ya jagoranci Dogayen sanda tafarkin su a cikin zuciya na gandun daji, daga kauyen da suke bukata.

Amma a lokaci guda kuma akwai da yawa tambayoyi. Idan Ivan Susanin (labarin feat aka bayyana a sama) da gaske ya mutu a fadama, ko duk Dogayen sanda ya mutu bayan mutuwarsa? Ko kawai wasu daga cikinsu sunk zuwa gushewa? To, wãne gaya cewa manomi ba da rai? A kan mutuwa da Dogayen sanda babu inda aka ambaci a cikin wasu takardu da suka gudanar ya gano masana tarihi. Amma akwai wani hasashe cewa real (kuma ba a jama'a) gwarzo Ivan bai mutu a fadama, da kuma a wasu sauran wuri.

Mutuwa a kauyen Isupova

The uku version Game da Mutuwar Ivan ya ce ya bai mutu a fadama, kuma a kauyen Isupova. Wannan ne evidenced da wani daftarin aiki a cikin abin da girma-jikan Susanin (Sobinin Il) nema da Empress Anna Ioannovna tabbatar da amfanin, da halin da ake ciki na zuriyar Ivana Susanina. Bisa ga takarda, shi ne a cikin wannan kauye Ivan Osipovich mutuwa ta riske shi. Idan kun yi imanin wannan labari, da rasuwar yan'uwanmu 'yan ƙasa ga kuma Isupova. To, shi dai haka, suka kawo bad news a Domnino kauye, kuma tsammãninsu, sunã mayar da matattu jiki.

Wannan version ne kawai ka'idar cewa shi ne a karkashin wata rubuce. Kuma an dauke mafi real. Bugu da kari, wani babban-jika, wanda ba haka ba ne m, a cikin lokacin da firam na mahaifin kakansa, ba zai san abin da sanannen Ivan Susanin, da kuma inda ya rasu. Wasu masu tarihi kuma raba wannan jarrabawa.

Inda ya binne Ivan Osipovich Susanin

Halitta da tambaya daga inda ne kabari na Rasha gwarzo. Idan ka yi imani da labari cewa, ya mutu daidai Isupova kauye, ba a kan wannan fadama, da binne ya zama m. An zaci cewa jikin marigayin aka binne shi a makabarta kusa da Church of a Tãshin ¡iyãma, abin da yake cikin Ikklesiya coci ga mazaunan kauyuka da kuma Derevnische Domnino. Amma wannan hujja ne ba ri, kuma mahara bayyanannu.

Ba shi yiwuwa ba a ma maganar gaskiya cewa kadan daga baya bayan jana'izar jikin Ivan aka reburied a Ipatiev sufi. Shi ne kuma version cewa ba shi da wuya shaida. Kuma ta da aka ƙi da kusan dukkan masu bincike feat Susanin.