Artyom (Sergeyev Fedor Andreevich) - Rasha neman sauyi: biography

Fate ya shirya wannan mutumin da irin wannan babbar adadin gwaji cewa su zai zama isa ga wasu. An mabiyin Bolshevik, abi'a kwari neman sauyi ma'aikata 'shugabanni - Artem Sergeev for siyasa imani akai-akai tafi wani "sarauta" kurkuku. Amma da gendarmes sukan ba iya don zuwa gaba abokin gaba na tsarism: shi da tabbaci kunshe da matsayi na "elusive". Ko don tafiya kasashen waje, wani mai goyon bayan Lenin rayayye da hannu a cikin gwagwarmaya da amfani, despotism da danniya, wadda bisa ga akidar kwaminisanci, shi da maniyyi bourgeois tsarin. Me daidai ba neman sauyi motsi Artem Sergeev, yadda ransa ƙare? Ka yi la'akari da wadannan tambayoyi a cikin mafi daki-daki.

sada bayanai

Fedor Andreevich Sergeev - haife tare da. Glebovo (Milenkovskaya yanki Fatezhsky County), geographically located a lardin Kursk. Ya aka haife a kan Maris 19, 1883 a cikin iyali na Private magini-kwangila. Bayan kai 9 yaro dan shekara fara koyon kayan yau da kullum na makaranta na kimiyya a real makaranta. Ya tunawa ilimi kamar soso, sabili da haka ya yi nasara a abubuwa, kuma a cikin kayayyakin lokaci, fi son zama a wuraren taruwar jama'a. A musamman, nan gaba neman sauyi na son ciyar da dama lokaci daga cikin ma'aikatan, suka yi aiki a kan daya daga cikin tubali masana'antu.

Ko sa'an nan, Artem Sergeev mamakin me ya sa magina na tsãwa makera da kuma yanayi ma'aikata, aiki kusan dare da rana a matsayin bayi. Kuma da yaron san game da asalin zamantakewa rashin daidaito na mutane da "Hagu" views. Sadarwa da Social Democrats da aka fi mayar da niyya ya siyasa imani. Bayan wani lokaci, da nan gaba jirgin saman soja ga gaskiya zai fara wani aiki gwagwarmaya da tsarist gwamnatin, equalize da hakkin dukan. Amma kafin shi shiga cikin Metropolitan mallaka Technical School (yanzu MSTU. Bauman) da Mechanical Department.

A farko kama

Bayan karatu don wani lokaci, saurayin ya koma sahu na RSDLP (b). Ya jam'iyyar da aka shirya dalibi zanga-zanga da hukumomin. Hakika, Artem Sergeev daukan wani kai tsaye sashi a cikinsa. Babu shakka, irin wannan mataki ba zai je kada a gane. The saurayi aka fitar daga jami'a, haka ma, ya rakiya a cikin 'yan gidan Yauza. Rasha Themis ya ba m da 'yan tawaye, shida daga cikinsu ya tafi zuwa kurkuku, da kuma wasu da aka ƙaddara "zuwa kurkuku." Waccan mujalla da muka mambobi ne na RSDLP (b), Artem, aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga Voronezh kurkuku.

tuki kasashen waje

Bayan jawabin saboda lokaci, matasa neman sauyi, yanke shawarar ci gaba da karatu a kasashen waje, kamar yadda ya zama wani dalibi a kasarsa, da ya riga ya haramta. A 1902, Fedor Andreevich Sergeev aika zuwa Faransa babban birnin kasar, inda ya shiga cikin Rasha Higher School of Social Sciences Kovalevsky. Layi daya ga wannan, ya yi karatun, kuma na nazarin Leninist ka'idar Jihar kyautata, mafi kuma mafi tabbata ta correctness.

makõma take

Bayan karatu a kasashen waje Artem Sergeev, wanda biography ƙunshi mutane da yawa ban sha'awa da kuma abun lura, za a mayar da Rasha. A cikin bazara na 1903 da saurayin nan, a kan ƙasa na Donbass tura wani aiki gwagwarmaya. A daya daga cikin ƙauyuka Ekaterinoslav lardin, ya shirya wata babbar cell na jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party of yankin muhimmancin, wadda za ta shiga a cikin tsari na mutum ɗari huɗu. Ba da da ewa a Rasha neman sauyi, tare da yaron ya dauki bangare a cikin May Day yajin. A takaice lokaci daga baya Sergeev fara yakin neman zabe a rayayye don Soviet ikon reluwe ma'aikata, hakar gwal a kan Berestovo-Bogodukhov nawa, dake kusa Yuzovka. Shi ne a cikin wannan zamantakewa yanayi sun zai ba shi wani sunan barkwanci - Comrade Artem.

Revolutionary tawaye a Kharkov

A farkon 1905 matasa Leninist aika zuwa Kharkov. A nan sai ya Halicci neman sauyi tsarin da ake kira "Next." A cikin wannan birnin, hankali tattalin wani m tawaye. Kuma bayan 'yan watanni, kusan ɗauke shi. Yana da aka shirya cewa taron zai fara a factory "Helfer Sad" Disamba 12, 1905. Duk da haka, da girman kai ga sani a gaba da Gendarmerie. A sakamakon haka, game da 30 shugabannin da makircin da aka dauka a cikin kaso, da kuma dukan ƙasar da sha'anin da aka kewaye da 'yan sanda.

biyu aka kama

Bayan wani gaza tawaye, Comrade Artem farko ke wa Bitrus, sa'an nan zuwa ga Urals. Ya zarar zama wakili IV jam'iyyar Congress, da aka gudanar a cikin Yaren mutanen Sweden babban birnin kasar. Ya aka baya nada don jam'iyyar aiki a cikin Permian kwamitin RSDLP (b). Artem Sergeev sake da dama a cikin clutches na "da Tsarist asirin 'yan sanda", wanda upryachet shi a kurkuku. A karshen 1909 wani sauyi ƙaddara da tunani da Eastern Siberia (Irkutsk lardin), sai ya bauta ga rayuwa.

sake kasashen waje

Ya zarar tsere daga kurkuku. Na farko, shi zai zama a Japan, sa'an nan Korea, sa'an nan kasar Sin, kuma a karshe a Australia. Nisa daga mahaifarsa da kuma gudun hijira yi aiki a matsayin Loader, da kuma wani laborer. Amma kasashen waje, ya ci gaba da gwagwarmaya. An sani cewa Sergeev ya zama shugaban kungiyar tarayyar Rasha hijira ma'aikata. Ya kuma kafa shirya buga edition na "The Australian amsa kuwwa", haka dauke da fitar da farfaganda na gurguzu ideas.

sake, Rasha

Bayan abubuwan da suka faru na Fabrairu 1917 Fyodor koma kasarsa. Wani lokaci daga baya, ya na tsaye "a kwalkwali" na Bolshevik kwamitin Kharkiv Council. A na gaba jam'iyyar majalisa Sergeeva zabe memba na kwamitin tsakiya. A watan Oktoba ya zai dauki wani aiki sashi a cikin kifar da tsohuwar gwamnatin. Bayan da juyin juya halin Musulunci za su fara aiki domin kafa sabuwar gwamnati a Ukraine. Ya amince da cikar da Brest da zaman lafiya. Bayan yakin basasa, shi ya sanya kowane kokarin da aka mayar da Donbass mahakar.

Karfi da goyon bayan layi na Lenin, Comrade Artem a farkon 20s fara zarga da manufofin Lva Trotskogo da aikin na 'yan adawa. Daga bisani ya zama shugaban kwamitin tsakiya na All-Rasha Union of Mineworkers. Sergeyev mutu a lokacin da gwaji da aka za'ayi aerovagona wanda inexplicably derailed. Fedor Andreevich Sergeev binne su a kabari a Red Square.

Personal rai

Revolutionary aka aure su Elizabeth Lvovna. Bayan mutuwarsa ta bar shi kadai tare da dansa, wanda kawai ya juya hudu watanni. Daga bisani, shi ne zai shugabanci a Nalchik da tarin fuka sanatorium, wanda shi ne ta brainchild. Har ila yau, ba da tabbaci ga mafi alhakin posts a kasar: Shugaban Oblzdrav, shugaban wani yadi factory, shugaban likita management na asibitoci. Dan Fyodor Andreyevich - Artem - bayan wani lokaci za a ba da kula da iyali na Joseph Stalin. Ya aka ciyar da su general, za su shiga cikin yakin duniya na biyu, duk da sojojin da goyon bayan yaƙin motsi.