Brazil: A kasar halaye (yanayi, tattalin arziki, yawan)

The most kasar a kudancin Amirka ne Brazil. Halaye na kasar ya hada da wani bayanin irin yanayi, mutane, gwamnati, da tattalin arziki, da manyan matsaloli na raya kasa. Karanta mu labarin da za ka koya da yawa daga sabon da ban sha'awa abubuwa game da wannan nisa kasar.

Brazil: jihar halaye (general bayanai)

Jamhuriyar Brazil ne daga saman kasashe biyar a yankin na duniya. Yana bautarka dukan gabas da kuma cibiyar na Kudu Amurka nahiyar.

Brasilia (m consonance da sunan kasar!) Shin, babban birnin kasar na Brazil jihar. A halayyar wannan kauye na iya zama da wadannan: babban birnin kasar, gina "daga karce". A birni aka zahiri kafa kawai a shekarar 1960, kuma an gina kawai a kasa da babban birnin kasar da bukatun.

Kanfigareshan Brazil mamaki m: daga arewa zuwa kudu da kasar lullube kan 4320 km, daga yamma zuwa gabas - zuwa 4330 km. A total tsawon na kan iyakoki ne kawai ban mamaki: kusan 16,000 kilomita. Tare da goma kasashen da ke da iyaka Brazil.

Jihar halayyar ba zai iya zama ba tare da faruwa a cikin ta tarihi. Da farko Brazil ya da wani Portuguese mallaka (wanda shi ne Portuguese Pedro Cabral shi ne na farko Turai wanda ya sauka a kan ta gaba a 1500). A 1822, da kasar da ya samu 'yancin kai, da kuma a karshen karni na 19th, ya zama wani cikakken fledged jamhuriyar tare da wani bicameral majalisar dokokin kasar. Duk da haka, Portugal ta yi wani tasiri a kan ci gaban Kudu American Duniya: Brazil, da yawan magana Portuguese da professes (mafi yawa) Katolika.

Brazil: faye hali na yanayi da kuma albarkatun

The taimako na kasar ne sosai bambancin: a arewacin - a low-kwance kwarin Amazon River, a kudu da kuma a cikin cibiyar - Brazil Filato, steeply zuwa teku tare da m zana hotunan. Bandeira dutse (2890 mita) ne tsororuwar Brazil jihar.

Halaye na kasar ne ba zai yiwu ba, kuma babu bayanin yanayin damina. Brazil ta sauyin yanayi ne kullum zafi. Ma'anar zazzabi, dangane da yankin a cikin kewayon daga +15 zuwa +29 digiri. Frosts faruwa ne kawai a wasu yankuna. Ruwan sama jeri daga 1200 mm, a tsakiyar kasar zuwa 2,500-3,000 mm a cikin Amazon.

A hydrographic cibiyar sadarwa na kasar yana da matukar high yawa. Mafi yawa daga cikin ƙasa shagaltar da duniya most kogin tsarin na Amazon. Summer ambaliyar ruwa, sashen kogin da kuma waterfalls - mai kowa sabon abu ga kasar Brazil koguna. Da yawa daga cikinsu kuma suna da gagarumin reserves na samar da wutar lantarki.

Nedra Brazil sosai arziki a daban-daban ma'adanai. Akwai mined baƙin ƙarfe, manganese da kuma uranium tama, haƙar graphite, da duwatsu masu daraja (musamman, Diamonds).

The yawan Brazil

gida zuwa 202 mutane miliyan (biyar a duniya cikin sharuddan yawan) a cikin kasar. Brazil halin da kananan, amma har yanzu tabbatacce shekara-shekara halitta girma. Game da 85% na yawan zaune a birane.

A hukuma da kuma mafi yadu magana da harshen a Brazil ne Portuguese. Bayan shi, da yawan yin amfani da sauran harsuna: Turanci, Spanish, Faransanci, Italiyanci. Rubuce-rubuce ne kusan 90%.

Mafi yawa daga cikin Brazil (65%) la'akari da su, don zama Katolika, wani 22% - Furotesta. Prevalent a kasar da kuma spiritualism, addinin Buddha, Islam, da kuma daban-daban Afro-Brazilian asiri.

A tattalin arziki na kasar

A cikakken bayanin Brazil ba zai yiwu ba tare da wani bayanin da kasa tattalin arziki. A kasar na da babban tattalin arziki. A cikin sharuddan GDP ne na farko tattalin arziki a Latin Amurka.

A masana'antu a Brazil ne quite raya kamar yadda karafa da kuma masana'antu kansu. A kasar samar da kusan dukan kewayon kayayyakin - daga sauki mabukaci kaya zuwa kamfutoci kuma jiragen sama. Very raya, da kuma aikin noma.

Babban fitarwa kayayyakin na Brazil da Karafa, motoci, kofi, waken soya, karfe, takalma da kuma Textiles. Kwanan nan, gwamnatin ta sanya kowane kokarin fadada da kasancewar a duniya kasuwanni.

Babban matsaloli na kasar ta ci gaba

Fahimtar babban matsaloli na kasar zai taimaka da kamanta halayyar Brazil da manyan ilimin kididdiga Manuniya tare da sauran kasashe. Jamhuriyar daga saman goma tattalin arziki a duniya da maras muhimmanci GDP size (7th wuri). A cikin rating na da HDI (Human Development Index), Brazil ne 79th line. A cikin ranking na kasashen cikin sharuddan cin hanci da rashawa kasar bautar da 69th matsayi, wanda kuma ya nuna cewa akwai babbar matsala a wannan yanki.

Complex halayyar Brazil nuna cewa wannan ƙasar ne halin da dama na kullum matsaloli. Daga cikin su - high kumbura, manyan waje bashi na jihar, rashin aikin yi, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma talauci.

Wani babbar matsala a cikin Brazil - maras uniformity a cikin ci gaban da yankuna daban-daban na kasar. Kusan duk na masana'antu ne mai karfi a kudancin da kuma kudu-maso-gabashin (daya ne kawai São Paulo samar up to 65% na GDP). Amma da arewa-maso-gabashin yankuna na Brazil - shi ne mai ɗamfarar talauci, jahilci da kuma rashin kayayyakin more rayuwa.

a ƙarshe

Wannan labarin ya gabatar da wani cikakken faye hali na Brazil a matsayin al'umma. A kasar shi ne mafi girma a Latin America da kuma daga saman goma tattalin arziki a duniya (bisa ga maras muhimmanci size of GDP). Main masana'antu: ikon tsara, inji aikin injiniya (ciki har da jirgin sama) da kuma aikin noma.

Tattalin arziki da kuma zamantakewa da ci gaban Brazil har yanzu da yawan tsanani matsaloli, amma gwamnati ne kokarin warware su ta hanyar sake fasalin.