Burger - wani gari mazauni. A tarihin manufar "Burger"

A babbar rawar a siffata da zamani tsakiyar aji a Yammacin Turai taka leda free jama'a. Babban engine na garambawul a tsakiyar zamanai akwai mutanen da suke rayuwa a cikin manyan populated yankunan, kowanne daga abin da aka kira kansa "Burger". Wannan kalma daga baya ya zama wata alama ce da duniya free kuma m mutanen da suke rayuwa a Turai birane.

Burgers a farkon tsakiyar zamanai

A cikin farkon tsakiyar zamanai Burger - wani mazaunin masu garu ƙauyuka ko zaune kusa da Cathedral ko Lutheran coci. A mãsu ƙẽƙasassun sau haikali da majami'u bauta ba ne kawai domin bauta amma kuma taka rawar da wani wuri a lokacin da hare-hare, da yaƙe-yaƙe da kuma bala'o'i. Ikklisiya da kuma haikalin suna ƙarfafa ga mafi girma tsaro, da kuma wadanda suka nemi kariya a cikin ganuwar, dole kansu zama kare alfarma wuri, don haka hankali ya canza kalmar "Burger" - daga talakawa jama'a na mai kagara kauye, ya zama ya m.

Burger a cikin High tsakiyar zamanai

Daga goma sha uku karni, manufar da burghers watsu dukan biranen arewacin da kuma tsakiyar Turai. Kalmar "Burger" yanzu saka wani mabanbanta ma'anar. Burger - wani memba na tattalin arziki 'yancin kai na yakin estate. jama'a, da shan kashi a gudanar da su birnin ko jiha. Burgertum hadawa tsakiyar aji-jama'a, wanda wakiltar bukatun da free 'yan ƙasa, Kasuwanci, sana'a. Burger, kamar yadda wani free mutum, yana adawa da talakansa - wani mutum dogara. Tare da fadada cinikayya links duk ya fi girma birane samu birni (Magdeburg) dokar - ya kuma inganta a mafi yawan 'yan kasa na da' yancin zuwa kiran kansu burghers. Su ba su kasance a wani plebeian talakawa, kuma bã su zuwa tsohon daraja iyalansu. Amma, wannan kunno kai tsakiyar aji iya zama wani tsari adawa da na da feudalism da coci.

adawa coci

Karkashin feudalism, babban burin, wanda saita kanta da Burger - yana da gata da kuma 'yancin walwala na ƙasarsa ta gari, sa hannu a gida gwamnatin. Bugu da kari, da burghers directed da zanga-zangar da lush da bukukuwan Katolika ayyukan hajji. Burghers, kamar bourgeoisie, ya nemi wani sauki, cheap coci tare da ibada a bayyana harshe. Rashin biyan bukata da Katolika da talakawa ilimi birane yawan jama'a da kuma ne dalilin da ya shahara "95 theses" Martina Lyutera. Kamar haka ya tashi da Protestant / Lutheran / a cikin Kirista coci.

Gyaranta bi ta bayyanar da Lutheran Church, dã mun kasance m ba tare da sa hannu na burghers. Burghers ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa bourgeoisie - da uku aji. Tun da XIII karni, game da wanda wadannan burgers, mafi ce shahara Monuments na art da kuma gine, da kyau kiyaye su a cikin da yawa Jamus birane. Tallafawa da kuma Mataimakan jama'a na masana kimiyya, marubuta da kuma artists, sun bar mai zurfi alama a tarihi godiya ga goyon bayan da fice artists a lokacinsa.