Cutar damuwa mai maimaitawa: babban bayyanar cututtuka da magani

Rashin ciwo mai rikitarwa yana da alamun bayyanar da yake nuna kanta a sake ci gaba da ɓangaren rashin ciki ba tare da lokuta masu rikitarwa da yanayin haɓaka da haɓaka ba, kama da mania. Rashin cutar wannan cuta a tsakanin yawan mutanen duniya shine kimanin kashi biyu cikin 100 na yawan mazaunan.

Tarihin lamari

Bayani game da ciki kamar yadda cutar ta bayyana a kwanan nan. A lokacin Hippocrates, melancholia ya hade da yawancin "bakar fata" a jikin. Tabbas, sannu-sannu aka inganta hanyoyin dabarun gwaji, kuma masu masana tauhidi na tsakiyar shekaru sun yanke shawarar cewa shaidan ya mallaki mutanen da ke damuwa. A sakamakon haka, sun fuskanci matalauci duk kokarin da suke da shi wajen aiwatar da irin wannan fasalin. Ruwan tsarki, adu'a, azumi, har ma da azabtarwa ana amfani dasu.

Abin farin ciki, Renaissance ya zo, tare da shi rayuwar na biyu da kuma irin wannan kimiyya mai zurfi a matsayin magani, kimiyya, da lissafi. Dukkan tsarin kimiyya ya karfafa. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ilimin lissafi da ƙwararru sun fara tunanin halin da ke ciki, kamar rikici mai rikitarwa. Tarihin cutar yana da ƙarni da yawa. Hanyoyi daban-daban don magance wannan matsala an nuna su, amma har ya zuwa karshen ba zai yiwu ya warke ba.

Dalilin ci gaba

Saka dalilin da cutar ke da wuya. A nan muna buƙatar wata hanya ta musamman don tantance bayyanar cututtuka da kuma tattara kayan aiki. Don haka, an rubuta tarihin likita na likita. Sakamakon rikici mai cikewa zai iya haifar da rashin daidaituwa na cikin kwayoyin hormones, kuma ta hanyar ƙananan cututtuka - cututtukan zuciya, neuroinfection, daɗaɗɗa mai tsanani, TBI (craniocerebral trauma). Mataki na farko za a iya haifar da yanayin halayyar halayyar kwakwalwa, amma samfurori sun riga sun bayyana ta hanyar kansu, ba da alaƙa da abin da ke faruwa a fili ba.

Binciken

A matsayinka na mai mulki, mutum ya kai girma lokacin da aka gano shi tare da "rashin ciwon zuciya". Kwayoyin cututtuka sun bayyana bayan shekaru arba'in kuma zasu iya wucewa daga watanni uku zuwa shekara, kuma lokaci ya kamata ya zama akalla makonni takwas. Mazan wanda ya yi haƙuri, mafi mahimmanci cewa cutar za ta ci gaba da tafiya. Tsawancin harin ya kai tsaye daidai da tsawon rashin lafiya, wani lokacin yana daukan hali na yanayi.

Great bayyanar cututtuka

A cikin ilimin hauka, akwai irin wannan ra'ayi a matsayin asali da ƙarin alamun bayyanar. Ana haɗuwa su a haɗuwa daban-daban, suna haifar da mummunar rashin tausayi. ICD 10 tana bada cikakkun bayanai don maganin wannan cuta:
- Matsayi mai ban tsoro (rashin motsin zuciyarmu);
- raguwar sha'awa a cikin abubuwan da ke da dadi ko ayyuka, rashin gamsuwa daga aikin da aka yi;
- rauni, rashin jin dadi, karuwar wahala.

Ƙananan cututtuka

Bugu da ƙari, a kalla wata babbar alama, ya kamata a sami alamun alamun na biyu. Sun kasance a cikin kusan dukkanin marasa lafiya, kuma ba kawai ga marasa lafiya ba tare da ganewar ƙwayar cuta mai rikitarwa. ICD yana nuna halaye masu zuwa:
- Girma girman kai;
- jin laifin laifi, la'anta kai da kuma zargi kai;
- suicidal moods;
- rage hankali da kuma maida hankali;
- bayanin marasa kyau game da makomar gaba;
- cin zarafin barci da ci.

Diagnostics

Dole ne likita ya kamata ya tattara tarihin lafiyar likita ba kawai daga mai haƙuri, har ma daga danginsa, don samun cikakken hoto na lambar, mita da kuma yanayin da aka kama. Sau da yawa mai haƙuri ba ya tuna lokacin da yake da alamun baƙin ciki na farko, amma danginsa na iya nuna, idan ba daidai ba, to, aƙalla kwanan wata. Maganin ciwon zuciya mai maimaitawa yana nuna kanta ta hanyar akalla guda biyu na haɓaka yanayi ya wuce makonni biyu. Ya kamata a rabu da su a cikin lokaci ta hanyar tsaka-tsakin haske (lokacin da bayyanar cututtuka ba cikakku ba). Dikita ba ya ware cewa mai haƙuri zai iya samun yanayin manya, koda kuwa akwai tsinkayen magunguna daga ciki. A wannan yanayin, da ganewar asali ne canza wa mashaya (bipolar affective cuta).

A likita records na maimaita depressive cuta nuna code F.33, tantancewa da irin na yanzu matsayi da kuma yanayi na baya aukuwa. Idan akwai irin wannan bayani.

Darasi na magana

1. Matsayi mai zurfi ya ƙunshi manyan biyu da biyu ƙarin bayyanar cututtuka. Bugu da ƙari, za a iya haɗuwa tare da rashin lafiya na yau da kullum, ta kara matsalolin cutar. Allocate:
   - m mataki tare da qananan tashin hankali manifestations;
   - m mataki tare da tsanani jiki cututtuka.
2. Matsayin matsakaicin matsananciyar alama an sanya shi a gaban manyan manyan magunguna uku ko hudu. Kuma kamar dai a cikin mataki mai sauki, akwai cututtuka masu tasowa.
3. Matsayi mai tsanani na rashin tausanan zuciya yana nuna kasancewar dukkanin bayyanar cututtuka kuma a kalla alamar ta biyu. Yawancin lokaci akwai duk na sama. Ƙaddamar da wannan digiri shine bayyanar alamomi na psychogenic, irin su delirium, hallucinations, stupor.

Dole ne a rarrabe mummunar rashin tausayi mai mahimmanci daga cututtuka marasa lafiya da kuma canji a cikin psyche. A cikin farko idan, ban da ciki, duk da haka akwai cututtuka da schizophrenia, yayin da na biyu - shi ne babban cutar da cewa za a bayyana a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje da kuma instrumental bincikowa.

Jiyya

Domin yin bayanin farfadowa, dole ne ka fara samun cikakken hoto na jikin mutum mai haƙuri. Ana yin haka a lokacin rajista na mai haƙuri a asibiti mai kyau. A wannan mahimmanci, rashin ciwo mai rikitarwa ba wani abu bane. Jiyya shi ya kunshi shan shan antidepressants da neuroleptics, da kuma kwayoyin barci. Yi amfani da barci rashi ko ECT (electroconvulsive far), idan cutar ne resistant zuwa pharmacological baki. Ƙungiyar ta mutum da mutum.

Ba shi yiwuwa a yi wannan ganewar asali a gida, wanda ya dogara ne akan ilimin ilimin lissafi da kuma bayyanar cututtuka. Wannan ya kamata a yi masa jagorancin gwani.

Bukatar taimako mai kyau

A mafi yawancin lokuta, mutum baya iya bincikar mahimmancin tsarin da ke faruwa a gare shi. Da alama a gare shi cewa wannan mummunar yanayin ne, ƙwazo da gajiya, babu wani abu. A gaskiya ma, canje-canje na canza matakan tsarin halitta waɗanda ke buƙatar gyara don dawo da yanayi.

Matsalar ta biyu da ta hana marasa lafiya a lokaci don neman taimako shine halin halayensu, rashin zargi game da yanayin su da ƙarfin hali na yin yanke shawara. Wannan ya kara tsananta hoto na ciki.

A wannan haɗin, ya bayyana a fili dalilin da yasa taimakon mai sana'a, wanda aka ba shi a lokaci mai kyau, zai iya rage mummunan cutar da ya sa mutum ya sake ciwo da nakasa. Za'a iya la'akari da yanayin da ake ciki a wannan yanayin. Yin watsi da bayyanar cututtuka kawai ya kara matsalolin halin da ake ciki kuma ya fassara cutar a cikin wani nau'i mai mahimmanci.

Haka kuma cutar ta shafi rinjaye na mutum. Zai iya rasa aikinsa, iyali da abokai. Samun rauni ko ma kashe kansa. Sabili da haka, marasa lafiya kada su yi nishaɗi tare da yaudara game da warkaswa kwatsam, amma suna bukatar su je likita wanda zai iya kwatanta lafiyar mutum daidai kuma ya rubuta magani mai kyau a gare shi. Nasarar farfadowa ya dogara ba kawai akan ayyukan likita ba, amma har ma ko mai haƙuri yana so ya dawo ko a'a. Matsaloli masu ban sha'awa suna faruwa ne kawai a ƙarƙashin rinjayar tattaunawa tare da likita, ko da ba tare da amfani da kwayoyi ba.

Tsarukan farfaɗo

Akalla sau ɗaya a rayuwarmu, kowannenmu yana fama da rashin tausayi. Amma mai wuya kowa ya damu ya magance likita don irin wannan mawuyacin hali. Babu wani abu da yake da zafi, kuma lafiya. A cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa, damuwa yana daya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin lafiyar jama'a. Wannan ganewar asali yafi kowa a tsakanin mazauna manyan birane, domin a cikin '' anthill '' '' kamar yadda ko'ina ba za ka ji ba. Boredom, rashin lafiya da ilimin kimiyya, damuwa na dindindin, buƙatar wuce gona da iri a kan kawunansu da kuma sha'awar yin nasara ba tare da wata hujja ba ta matsa lamba ga mutum psyche, ta haifar da shi don jin dadi. Wani abin da ke taka muhimmiyar rawa shi ne cewa mutanen da suke zaune a garuruwan sun yanke shawara su je likita kuma su gano asirin su.

Matsananciyar, musamman ma cututtuka na daji suna kara yawan ƙyama. Maganin ciwon zuciya ko ciwon zuciya zai iya tura mutum zuwa ra'ayin ra'ayin mutuwa. Wani muhimmiyar rawa tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ilmantarwa, damuwa da cututtuka a ƙuruciyar yara, hadarin tashin hankalin gida. Hakanan yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Don haka, idan dangi na dangi suna da irin wannan yanayin kamar BAP, cuta mai ɓarna ko ɓarna, to, yiwuwar shi a cikin zuriya ya fi girma.