Feeling - shi ne cewa a cikin tunani? Abin mamaki da kuma fahimta a cikin tunani

Human rai ne cike da daban-daban irin abubuwan da, wanda gudana ta hanyar da Na'urar haska tsarin. A sauki sabon abu daga dukkan shafi tunanin mutum da tafiyar matakai - shi ne abin mamaki. Babu wani abu ne fiye da na halitta don mu, a lokacin da muka gani, ji, ji shãfar abubuwa.

A ra'ayi na mamaki a Psychology

Me ne ainihin topic: "gabbai"? Psychology wannan sabon abu da aka yi karatu for quite lokaci mai tsawo, na kokarin bayar da mafi daidai definition. Don kwanan wata, masana kimiyya suna har yanzu kokarin fahimtar zurfin ciki duniya da kuma mutum Physiology. Feeling - shi ne a cikin general tunani na aiwatar da nuna wasu halaye da kuma halaye na abubuwa da mamaki na gaskiya a cikin sharuddan na da tasiri kai tsaye a kan hankula. A ikon samu irin wannan kwarewa da halayyar masu rai, wanda da juyayi tsarin. Kuma ga m ji halittu masu rai dole ne a kwakwalwa.

A farko mataki kafin abin da ya faru da irin wannan shafi tunanin mutum da aiwatar da halin irritability sauki, godiya ga wanda aka selectively amsawa ga wani muhimmin sakamako na waje ko ciki yanayi. Reaction daidai da tare da canje-canje a cikin jihar da kuma hali na wani rai gabar, abin da kusantar da hankalin janar tunani.

Feeling - wannan ne Psychology na farko mahada a cikin ilmi daga m da ciki duniya. Akwai daban-daban na wannan sabon abu, ko da kuwa samuwar kasashe da samar da su. Wadannan abubuwa ko mamaki suna a cikin sadarwar da daban-daban na makamashi da kuma, sabili da haka, samar da daban-daban ingancin ji: aural, dermal, na gani. A Psychology, kuma nuna juyayinsu hade da musculoskeletal tsarin da kayan ciki. Irin mamaki ba gane da mutum. The kawai ware ne m majiyai da ya zo daga kayan ciki. Ba su isa Sphere na sani, amma ana riskarsa da juyayi tsarin. Har ila yau, wani mutum samun ji cewa suna hade da Concepts kamar lokaci, hanzari, vibration, da kuma sauran m dalilai.

Ihisani domin mu analyzers ne electromagnetic taguwar ruwa da fada a cikin wasu kewayo.

halayyar majiyai

Dokokin na gabbai tunani da kuma samar da wani bayanin da daban-daban iri iri. A farko rarrabuwa da dangantaka da wani tsoho lokaci. Yana dogara ne a kan analyzers cewa ƙayyade nau'in kamar wari, dandano, tabawa, gani da mai ji.

Wani rarrabuwa na gabbai Psychology gabatar B. G. Ananevym (zaži 11 jinsunan). Akwai kuma tsanaki typology na marubucin na Turanci physiologist Sherrington. Yana hada interoceptive, proprioceptive da exteroceptive iri majiyai. Bari mu bincika su daki-daki.

Interoceptive irin abin mamaki: Description

Wannan irin abin mamaki ba da sigina daga cikin ciki yanayi, daga daban-daban gabobin da kuma tsarin da ake halin da wasu sigogi. Rabe sami sakonni daga narkewa kamar tsarin (ta hanyar da ciki da hanji bango), zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin (zuciya da jini jirgin ruwa ganuwar) daga tsoka da nama da kuma sauran tsarin. Irin wannan jijiya Tsarin ake kira - rabe na ciki yanayi.

Wadannan ji kasance a cikin mafi tsoho da kuma m kungiyar. Suna halin yin suma, yaxuwa da kuma kusa ƙwarai da wani tunanin jihar. Wani sunan na wadannan shafi tunanin mutum da tafiyar matakai - Organic.

Rubuta proprioceptive majiyai: Description

Bayani game da yanayin jikin mu, ya ba mutum cikin proprioceptive abin mamaki. A tunani, gane da dama subtypes na irin wannan, wato da ji na tsaye (ma'auni) da kuma kinesthetic (motsi). Tsokoki da kuma gidajen abinci (tendons da jijiyoyin) - a wurin sarrafawa daga cikin rabe. Sunan wannan m yankunan quite ban sha'awa - maraƙi Pachchini. Idan muka magana game da na gefe rabe proprioceptive majiyai, suna sarrafa a cikin tubules na can cikin kunne.

A ra'ayi na mamaki a cikin tunani da psychophysiology karatu quite da kyau. Wannan ya yi ta A. A. Orbeli, P. K. Anohin, N. A. Bernshteyn.

Exteroceptive irin majiyai: Description

Wadannan majiyai mutum sadarwa tare da waje duniya, da kuma fada a cikin contact (tactile da kuma iyawa) da kuma m (auditory, olfactory da na gani majiyai a Psychology).

Olfactory abin mamaki a cikin tunani ne rigima masana kimiyya, saboda ba su san inda daidai sanya shi. Subject al'amarin da ya fitarda wari, shi ne a nesa, amma dandano kwayoyin ne a lamba tare da hanci rabe. Ko shi ne cewa abu ne ba a wurin, da wari ne har yanzu a cikin iska. Har ila yau olfactory majiyai suna da muhimmanci a kayyade amfani da abinci da samfurin quality.

Intermodal majiyai: Description

Kamar yadda a yanayin saukan wari, akwai wasu ji cewa suna da wuyar rarraba. Alal misali, wannan vibration ji na ƙwarai. Yana hada da auditory abin mamaki daga cikin analyzer, kazalika daga fata da kuma musculoskeletal tsarin. A cewar LE Komendantova, vibration ji na ƙwarai da wani nau'i na sauti ji. Shi ya tabbatar da muhimmanci a rayuwar mutane da iyaka ko babu ji da zaben. Irin wadannan mutane suna da wani babban matakin da tactile-vibratory phenomenology da kuma iya gane wani motsi truck ko wani na'ura, ko da a dogon zangon.

Sauran sukayi fassara majiyai

Har ila yau, za a yi karatu rarrabuwa na gabbai Psychology M. Heda, wanda substantiated kwayoyin tsarin kula da ji na ƙwarai daga division. Gano biyu na irin - protopathic (kwayoyin abin mamaki - ƙishirwa, da yunwa, m kuma physiological) da kuma epicritic (wannan ya hada da duk aka sani majiyai masana kimiyya).

Har ila yau ɓullo da wani rarrabuwa da majiyai B. M. Teplov, nuna rubutu iri biyu rabe - interoreceptors da exteroreceptors.

Halayyar kaddarorin da majiyai

Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan ji a kan modality iya zama mabanbanta da juna. Properties na fahimi tsari ne da mutum halaye: quality, tsanani, na sarari sarrafawa, duration, abin mamaki bakin ƙofa. A tunani, wadannan mamaki da aka bayyana da masana kimiyya, physiologists, da suke na farko wanda ya fara nazarin wannan matsala.

The inganci da tsanani da abin mamaki

A ka'ida, duk Manuniya na mamaki za a iya raba gwada yawa da kuma gwajin kwari iri. Quality ji kayyade ta da bambance-bambance daga sauran iri wannan abun mamaki da kuma shi ne ainihin bayanai a kan kiran kasuwa. Ba shi yiwuwa a gwada ingancin yin amfani da wani numerals na'urorin. Idan muka dauki wani na gani abin mamaki a cikin tunani, ta ingancin ne launi. Domin dandano da ƙanshi ýan - manufar dadi, m, m, m, m da sauransu.

Gwada yawa faye hali da majiyai - shi ne ƙarfinsa. Wannan dukiya yana da muhimmanci ga mutum, domin yana da muhimmanci gare mu mu gane m ko taushi music, da haske ko duhu a cikin dakin. A tsanani gogaggen daban dangane da irin dalilai: karfi mukaddashin kara kuzari (jiki sigogi), da kuma aikin jiha na tsoka mai amsa sigina wanda aka fallasa. A mafi Manuniya daga cikin jiki halaye na kara kuzari, da girma da tsanani da abin mamaki.

A tsawon da na sarari sarrafawa abin mamaki

Wani muhimmin halayyar an dauki tsawon lokaci wanda ya nuna lokacin Manuniya majiyai. Wannan dukiya ne ma batun da mataki na haƙiƙa, da kayadadden dalilai. Idan kara kuzari ne da inganci ga wani dogon lokaci, da kuma ji za a yi tsawo. Wannan shi ne wani haƙiƙa factor. Kayadadden ne da aikin Jihar cikin analyzer.

Samuwar kasashe cewa hangula da hankula da su location a sarari. Majiyai taimaka gano wani musamman abu da taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rayuwar dan Adam.

abin mamaki bakin ƙofa a Psychology: cikin cikakkar da kuma zumunta

A karkashin cikakkar dokin fahimci jiki sigogi na kara kuzari a cikin m adadin da zai haddasa abin mamaki. Akwai kasashe da suke da ƙananan fiye da cikakkar bakin kofa, da kuma haifar da ji na ƙwarai. Amma jikin mutum ne har yanzu suke fama da dokokin da majiyai. A tunani bincike G. V. Gershuni gabatar da sakamakon gwaje-gwajen cikin abin da aka gano cewa, da sauti samuwar kasashe, wanda suka ƙananan fiye da cikakkar bakin kofa, yana sa wasu kwakwalwa lantarki aiki da kuma wani karuwa a almajiri. Wannan yanki shi ne wani yanki subsensornuyu.

Akwai kuma wani babba cikakkar dokin - wani gwargwado na kara kuzari da cewa ba za a iya mayalwaci gane ta da hankula. Irin wa annan labaran sa jin zafi, amma ba koyaushe (duban dan tayi).

Bugu da ari Properties, akwai kuma dokoki majiyai: synesthesia, wayar, karbuwa, hulda.

Halaye na ji

Abin mamaki da kuma fahimta a cikin tunani ne na farko fahimi matakai dangane da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da kuma tunani. A taƙaitaccen bayanin sabon abu na haukan mun ba, kuma a yanzu domin ganewa. Wannan shafi tunanin mutum da aiwatar da cikakke nuni da abubuwa da mamaki na gaskiya tare da su kai tsaye lamba tare da hukumomin da flair. Abin mamaki da kuma fahimta a cikin tunani karatu Physiology da kuma tunani L. A. Venger, AV Zaporozhets, V. P. Zinchenko, TS Komarova da sauran masana kimiyya. Kan aiwatar da tattara bayanai bayar da mutum fuskantarwa a cikin matsanancin duniya.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa hasashe halayyar kawai ga mutum, kuma mafi girma dabbobi, wanda suke iya samar da hotunan. Yana da wani tsari na objectification. Bayarwa da bawo bayanai game da kaddarorin abubuwa - wani abin mamaki aiki. A perceptual tunani ware samuwar wani image, samu dangane da tattara bayanai game da abu da kuma da kaddarorin. Hoton samu da hulda da mahara haska tsarin.

daban na ji

A fahimta akwai nau'i uku. Mafi na kowa rarrabuwa:

Properties ji

S. L. Rubinshteyn ce cewa ji mutane sun jimlace da directional.

Saboda haka, na farko alama wannan tsari yana dauke a cikin daki-daki. Ji shi yiwuwa ba tare da abubuwa, domin suna da nasu musamman launi, siffar, size da kuma manufa. Violin mu ayyana a matsayin wani m kayan aiki, da kuma wani farantin - kamar cutlery.

Na biyu dukiya - mutunci. Ruwaito ji a cikin kwakwalwa da batun abubuwa na ta musamman halaye, kuma tare da ji daga wadannan mutum dabiu ci gaba a cikin wani cikakke hanya. A concert, da ƙungiyar makaɗa mu saurari kiša holistically, maimakon sauti na kowane m kayan aiki shi kadai (goge, bass, cello).

The uku dukiya - haƙuri. Yana characterizes zumunta haƙuri siffofi, inuwõyinta suna kusa, kuma dabi'u ne da muke sani. Alal misali, mun gani a cat, kamar wasu dabbobi, ko yana a cikin duhu ko cikin haske dakin.

A karo na hudu dukiya - generalizations. Shi ne mutum halitta don rarrabesu abubuwa da kuma sanya su zuwa wani aji, dangane da siffofin da suke samuwa.

A karo na biyar dukiya - meaningfulness. Saninsu abubuwa da muka labarta musu da mu kwarewa da ilmi. Ko da batun wani baƙo ne, mutum ne kwakwalwa kokarin kwatanta shi da riga ya saba abubuwa da kuma gane kowa siffofin.

Shida Properties - selectivity. Da farko ya gane abubuwa da cewa suna da wani dangane da wani sirri gwaninta ko mutum aiki. Alal misali, kallon wani wasan kwaikwayon, wani actor kuma baƙo daban za su fuskanci abin da ke faruwa a kan mataki.

Kowane tsari na iya faruwa biyu a al'ada da kuma a Pathology. Illa tsinkaye la'akari hypersensitivity (hypersensitivity to kowa muhalli samuwar kasashe), hypoesthesia (rage ji na ƙwarai), agnosia (take hakkin da fitarwa daga abubuwa a Jihar sarari sani da kadan karu a sauran ji na ƙwarai), hallucinations (ji na ba babu abubuwa a gaskiya). Kawayeniya ne halin karkashin kuskure ji na abubuwa da zama a gaskiya.

A karshe ina so in ce cewa mutum psyche - m hadaddun na'ura, da kuma raba jiyya matakai kamar abin mamaki, fahimta, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da kuma tunani - wucin gadi, saboda a gaskiya duk wadannan mamaki faruwa a layi daya ko a cikin jerin.