Kamar yadda kwayoyin ciyar a kan? Tsari da kuma m aiki na kwayoyin cuta

Kwayoyin cutar - microorganisms ne mafi sauki. Mafi sau da yawa suna da daya kawai cell. A yanayi, akwai duka biyu m da kuma cutarwa ga mutane da yanayi kananan kwayoyin halitta. Duk da haka dai, duk suka raba wani m tsarin da kuma kananan size. Bayan karanta labarin, za ka iya gano yadda kwayoyin ciyar da abinci, irin da numfashi.

Janar bayani game da kwayoyin cuta

Kwayoyin cutar - superkingdom prokaryotic kwayoyin. Yau akwai fiye da dubu biyar daga cikin wakilan. Masana kimiyya sun ce a gaskiya akwai fiye da microscopic. Bacteriology - wani reshe na kimiyya da na nazari akan na farko kwayoyin.

Su talakawan size ne 0.5-5 microns. Dukan su kasu kashi biyu kungiyoyin - single-celled da kwayar. A farko ne da za'ayi cikakken duk matakai da suke muhimmi a wani rai gabar. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa mafi yawan kwayan motility.

Kalmar "kwayoyin" kamar yadda wani m naúrar samo asali a cikin marigayi 70-ies karni na karshe. A baya can, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai dangantawa ga prokaryotes. A sakamakon bincike, a 1977, an gano cewa, su aka kasu kashi biyu subgroups. Ga daya daga cikinsu, da kuma amfani da kalmar "kwayoyin".

Kan aiwatar da numfasawa a kwayoyin cuta

Yi wasa da numfashi tsari, da yawa kwayoyin, kazalika da mutanen da suke bukatar oxygen. Irin wannan wakilan ake kira aerobic. Duk da haka, akwai wadanda sauki kwayoyin da cewa ba ka bukatar iska. Oxygen ga wadannan microscopic halittun - wani irin guba. Da kimiyya sunan - anaerobes.

Suna zaune a cikin sama da sako-sako da yadudduka na kasar gona, a abinci da ruwa. Make da ikon rayuwa a babban zurfin a cikin ƙasa, ruwa jikinsu, kazalika da kai tsaye a cikin laka. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa numfashi aerobic kwayoyin cuta ba zai iya zama inda anaerobes rayuwa.

Shi ne ba wani asirin da cewa ayyuka na kananan kwayoyin halitta zai iya sa fermentation. Numfashi ne mai irin kwayoyin provocateur wannan tsari. A mafi kauce misali - shi ne yisti. Kamar yadda sakamakon su fermentation samar carbon dioxide da kuma ruwa.

Ikon protozoa. parasitism

Kamar yadda kwayoyin ciyar a kan da kuma abin da parasitism? Wadannan al'amurran da suka shafi ne sau da yawa sha'awar ba kawai a cikin ilmin halitta, amma kuma kawai m mutane. A amsoshin wadannan za ka iya samun a cikin labarin.

Kwayoyin wanda ciyar a kan kwayoyin abubuwa kasu kashi biyu kungiyoyin - saprotrophs da parasites. A farko amfani rududdugaggu ragaggen abinci, da kuma na biyu rayuwa kashe wasu dabbobi. Yau, parasitism - fairly kowa sabon abu. Yana auku kamar yadda a cikin kwayoyin da kansu, da kuma mutane, kazalika da dabbobi. Sau da yawa shi ne parasitism iya haifar da tsanani da rashin lafiya.

An sani cewa a kwayoyin, akwai hanyoyi biyu da wuta. Heterotrophic kwayoyin - ne microscopic halittun da ake amfani domin cin gaban su shirya kwayoyin halitta. Na biyu kungiyar hada da autotrophs - kwayoyin da suke wadãtacce iko. Wannan cyanobacterium, da baƙin ƙarfe kwayoyin da sulfur kwayoyin. Da farko taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsari na photosynthesis. Yana cyanobacteria matsayi kwayoyin daga inorganic kayan.

Heterotrophic kwayoyin za a iya raba uku kungiyoyin: parasites, symbionts da saprophytes. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, parasitic kwayoyin yi su da harshen damo a cikin jikin dabbobi, da tsuntsaye, kifi ko mutane. Su kuma iya rayuwa a kan fata surface. Kwayoyin cutar na iya sau da yawa parasitic a kan shuke-shuke. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa heterotrophic kwayoyin ba zai iya gudanar da harshen damo a wata lafiya Flora. Wannan ya faru ne a cikin taron cewa a kan surface akwai sabo ne raunuka. Sau da yawa zama kamuwa da tsaba da kuma kwararan fitila. A wannan yanayin, da kamuwa da cuta yana daukar kwayar cutar vegetatively. A sabili da kwayan cuta iya zama ruwan sama ko wucin gadi watering. Mafi na kowa kamuwa yada ta kwari, mites da tsuntsãye. A cikin mutane, parasitism iya haifar da tarin fuka, mura, zawo, cutar kwalara da annoba.

Symbionts da saprophytes

Saprophytes - wani kwayoyin da cewa ciyar a kan matattu kwayoyin halitta. Su cire micronutrients daga matattun abu, sa'an nan bar can cikin enzymes. Sun sha narkar abubuwa.

Symbionts - ne kwayoyin cuta wadda ba kawai zaune tare da sauran kwayoyin, amma kuma kawo su invaluable. Alal misali, wadannan microscopic halittun rayuwa a cikin tubers na legumes. Sun sha nitrogen, wanda shi ne wani taki ga shuke-shuke. A mutane da dabbobi su ma ba symbionts. Sunã halattar da matsakaicin ingancin sarrafa abinci shirya da kuma ya zama ruwan dare invaluable muhimmancin da kiwon lafiya bitamin.

Amfani Properties na kwayoyin cuta

Abin mamaki, jimlar nauyin microorganisms cewa populate jikin mu ne game da biyu kilo. M kwayoyin wanda zauna jikin halitta mai rai, da ake kira microbiota. Kowane jiki na fiye da miliyan. Microbiota ne alhakin lafiya mai kyau. M kwayoyin kare jiki da pathogens.

Babban yankin na rarraba microbiota - yana da ciwon hanji. M kwayoyin halitta wani acidic yanayi akwai cewa ba kawo cuta-haddasa kwayoyin.

halitta kariya

A Properties daga cikin kwayoyin da aka samu a cikin mutum airway da kuma a kan surface na fata, shi ne don kare da mazauninsu. A mafi hatsari pathogens cewa kai farmaki da zones ne streptococcus, staphylococcus da micrococcus.

A cikin 'yan ƙarni, da na halitta kariya na' yan Adam fata ya halartar yawa muhimmanci canje-canje. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa al'umma ta koma daga dangantaka ta kusa da yanayi a akai lamba tare da sunadarai. Masana kimiyya sun tabbatar da cewa sa na microbiota, wanda shi ne a kan surface na fata yau ne muhimmanci daban-daban, daga abin da ya wanzu a baya.

Sabuntawa na microworld

An sani cewa microbiota na kwayoyin da sauri sabunta. Ikon kwayoyin dogara da raba abinci na m. A mafi hatsari kwayoyin to abinci wadda dauke da maganin rigakafi, magungunan adana da kuma wucin gadi colorants. Wadannan abubuwa halakar da na halitta mutum takaice. Tare da cewa a nan gaba su iya unsa a dama matsalar lafiya.

Yana da quite muhimmanci a gane cewa takaice bukatar hankali. Mun bada shawara mai karfi cewa ka lokaci zuwa lokaci mayar microbiota su hana a yawan cututtuka. Wannan na bukatar yin amfani da probiotics hanya. Domin ya kula da kansa takaice bukatar ci mafi kayan lambu, yi azumi kwana da abincin rana halitta porridge.

Mutane da yawa suna sha'awar wannan tambaya na yadda za a ciyar da kwayoyin da aka samu a jikin mu. Mun gano cewa, da m micro-kwayoyin cinye guda kamar yadda su m. Shi ne saboda wannan dalilin, don kula da karfi na rigakafi tsarin da fari shi wajibi ne don sake rage cin abinci.

Enzymes domin inganta general yanayin

Zai yiwu kowannenmu ne saba da halin da ake ciki, a lokacin da bayan cin abinci kula m overall kiwon lafiya. A irin wannan yanayi zai zama da muhimmanci kwayan enzymes. Inda zan samu su da kuma yadda suke aiki a kan jikin mutum?

Mutane da yawa ce cewa bayan da hutu ta'addi suka ji dadi ga 'yan kwanaki. Sun koka goiter, wani rauni da rashin ci. Duk wadannan cututtuka nuna cewa cutarwa kwayoyin suna qoqarin tura lafiya. To jimre da irin wannan tsari da kuma mayar da lafiya mai kyau, shi wajibi ne don hada a rage cin abinci na abinci da an hada da kwayan enzymes. Wadannan sun hada da cuku, wuya cuku, kefir, yogurt, fermented gasa madara da kuma sauran kiwo abinci. Masana sun kuma bayar da shawarar shan kayayyakin dake dauke da probiotics. Kafin fara jiyya, shi ne karfi da shawarar tuntubar tare da likita.

A sa mamaki samu. Kwayoyin cutar da cewa ciyar a kan roba

Tsari da kuma m aiki na kwayoyin cuta ne ban sha'awa ga masana kimiyyar halitta daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Sun yi imani da cewa kwayoyin ba haka ba ne m kamar yadda sauti. Wannan ya tabbatar da gano sanya ta a rukuni na Sin biochemists da kwayoyin. Shekaru biyu da suka wuce, sun sami kwayoyin da ci roba. A cewar masana harkokin kimiyya, wannan zai ajiye duniya daga muhalli bala'i.

A samu aka yi da hatsari. Shugaban kungiyar ya bayyana cewa, gidansa shi ne ko da yaushe wani rikici sauki. Wata rana sai ya lura cewa, wani babban yawan kananan larvae ba a cikin roba jakar da ragowar hatsi, wanda ya cinye yarwa marufi. Wannan harka sa masu bincike yi imani da cewa shi zai iya taimaka ajiye duniya daga duniya gurbatawa.

Bayan shafe lokaci mai yawan gwaje-gwajen, shugaban kungiya gano cewa ba kawai larvae ci da roba da kuma polyethylene, amma kuma nike da shi. Sai ya juya daga cewa wannan shi ne saboda da cewa a cikin Gut caterpillars ne mai yawan kwayoyin. Yana da su, kuma nike guba abubuwa. A rukuni na masana kimiyya ya sanya gwajin larvae a kan polyethylene surface. Abin mamaki, amma wata daya daga bisani suka yi nazari a karkashin wani microscope kunshin. Ikon damar da kwayoyin cuta ba su aika roba domin sake amfani, da kuma halaka ta maza maza.

cutarwa kwayoyin mazauninsu

Akwai duka m da kuma parasitic kwayoyin. A karshen iya haifar da wani yawan kiwon lafiya matsaloli. Domin kara kare jikinka daga cutarwa kwayoyin cuta, ya zama dole su san daidai inda suke zaune.

• A dirtiest abu a cikin gidan, wanda son zama haɗari kwayoyin - shi ne wani soso for jita-jita. Tuni bayan wani mako na yin amfani da shi gaggawa yana bukatar da za a maye gurbinsu. Rigar da soso, wanda suka abinci barbashi - wani m yanayi domin ci gaban parasitic kwayoyin.
• Wani batu da yake haka m na microscopic halittun - buroshin hakori. Rare sauyawa daga irin kayan haɓɓaka iya kai wa ga wani iri-iri, irin su cutar SARS.
• 'Yan mutane tunani, amma TV m - shi ne mai magana a kan wanda ya rataya a babbar dama m kwayoyin ga rayuwar dan Adam. Don kare kanka daga su tasiri, shi ne zama dole a kalla sau daya a mako don rike batun disinfectant. Idan a cikin iyali wani daukawa wani cutar, wannan ya kamata a yi kullum.

Don kare kanka daga wani adadin cutarwa kwayoyin cuta, ya zama dole in wanke hannuwanku sau da yawa kamar yiwu. Domin mafi girma sakamako, ko da yaushe amfani da disinfectant.

haifuwa na microorganisms

Ga wadanda suke so don ƙarin koyo game da sauki kwayoyin, yana da muhimmanci ba kawai cewa kwayoyin ciyar a kan, amma kuma yadda za su haifa. Wannan bayani ne na sha'awa to da yawa sabon shiga kwayoyin. Mafi yawa daga cikin kwayan cell replicates ta rarraba shiga kashi biyu. Idan kananan kwayoyin yana da wani m siffar, shi za a iya raba fadin. Akwai kuma nau'in da cewa haifa da budding. A jima'i tsari ne sosai rare kuma yawanci kawai E. coli.

A tsari na haifuwa a kwayoyin faruwa da sauri isa. Duk da haka, da rabo zai iya faru ne kawai a karkashin wani yanayi. A karkashin m yanayi, wasu subspecies na kwayoyin cuta na iya samar da spores. Abin mamaki, guda cell, za ka iya samun dama biliyan mutane. Mafi yawa daga cikin matasa da zũriyarta mutu a sakamakon daukan hotuna zuwa m muhalli da yanayi.

Summing up

Kwayoyin cutar - mai sauki kwayoyin cewa kewaye da mu a ko'ina. Ba za su yi duka biyu tabbatacce kuma korau tasirin a kan yanayi da lafiyar dan adam. Mutane da yawa kwayoyin yi imani da cewa kwayoyin cuta ba su da sauki kamar yadda shi alama. A yau shi ne aka sani da kwayoyin da cewa zai iya taimaka jimre da matsalolin da muhalli bala'i a cikin duniya. A cikin wannan labarin za ka iya gano ba kawai yadda kwayoyin ciyar da abinci, amma kuma a san yadda za su yi kiwo da kuma numfashi.