Kildin Island. A Barents Sea. Lake Mogilnoye a kan Kildin Island

Ciki gigantic dutse, falalen kan Barents Sea, Kildin tsibirin - wani m asiri na halitta. A wannan wuri duk sabon abu, daga mazaunan, sunayen, tarihi na ci gaba adam da binciken kasa, wuri mai faɗi da kuma lake Mogilnoye.

location tsibirin

A arewa maso gabashin ɓangare na Barents Sea, 'yan mil daga fita daga cikin Kola Bay ne Kildin. The m dutse tari located a rarrabawa da babbar teku hanyoyi, da barin daga Murmansk. Daya daga cikin su ke ta Scandinavia zuwa Turai, na biyu - zuwa White Sea. Shi ne mafi girma a tsibirin, zaunar kusa da Murmansk Coast, an kaifi ta Kola Larabawa.

Island Tarihi

A 1809, da makamantansu, English freebooters mashaya jini dabbanci kori tsibirin Kildin wajen encampment, dangane da m tudu. Fatattakakkun ƙasa juya a kan na dogon lokaci a cikin wani daji hamada yanki. Tun daga nan, da yanki na tsibirin zuwa kudu-maso-gabas, da bay, da kabido da lake qazanta da sunan da - Kabari. A cikin XIX karni, mu ɓullo da wani m cin gaban aikin matsananci cliffs, tsibirin ya zama hedkwatarsu. Duk da haka, kome daga cikin irin faru.

Na zauna a tsibirin kamar wata matasa Norwegian Eriksen. Uku da al'ummomi na iyali Eriksen a total sun rayu a tsibirin game da shekaru 60. A alfijir na XX karni yankin hukuma tsunduma a cikin ci gaban Kildin kayayyakin more rayuwa, da zuba jari mai kyau adadin zuba jari.

A daidai wannan lokacin akwai sami wani Haven Social Democrats, depicting masunta ne. Su yi amfani da Kildin tsibirin kamar yadda mai wucewa batu. Sun kawo su nan ba da izini ba siyasa adabi daga Norway, za a yi nufin aika zuwa Arkhangelsk.

The matasa Soviet gwamnatin wazo gudanar da ci gaban da m tudu. A cikin gajeren lokaci shi Lands a kafa harkokin kasuwanci. Akwai wani wuri na kama kifi hadin, aidin shuka, Pestsovoye Jawo gonaki da sauran kungiyoyi. Kafin yakin dukan mazaunan zauna a Murmansk yankin. Eriksen iyali repressed. Tsibirin zama dabarun soja makaman.

War zamanin tsibirin da aka ƙaddara ta wuce har sai da 90-ies karni na karshe. Da karkararta sanye take da kallo posts, da maki na lamba, iska tsaro makami mai linzami tsarin, kan iyaka post. Yana zan dasa marine batura, da makami mai linzami rajimanti, ya kula da halittar dace kayayyakin more rayuwa.

Yau, dintsi na mazauna amma a kananan yawan sansanonin soja zauna Kildin Island. Photo nuni da tsanani mutum da aka yi shimfidar wurare, kowa expanses of tir ragowar tsohon girma - wani iko da kayan aikin soji, ofishin gine-gine da kuma zama gine-gine.

Description na tsibirin

Bisa ga Sashen tsarin da tsibirin Kildin kusan sabanin ɓangaren duniya. Its ƙasa ne sosai daban-daban daga abin da yake a kan da Kola Larabawa. Shi ne mountainous, tare da m gangara da suke nan da can flecked da gansakuka da ciyawa. Daga yamma, da arewa Coast na da babban m da kuma precipitous. Arewa coast daga gabas zuwa yamma ya karu a tsawo.

A kasan mai zurfi kanyon, suka dauki bangare na arewa maso gabashin yankin, da creek gudana. A kan m arewaci da kudancin kololuwa cascading waterfalls. A kudu-gabas Coast na tsibirin ya fadi m bay. Jirãge, ya zo a cikin sepulchral bay azumi zuwa banki da Anchorage.

Barents balaguro, bude bay Kabari a 1594, ya buge shi a kan taswira. Bayin Solovetsky sufi a kudu-gabas Coast kamun kifi dauke da kan ƙarni biyu (17-18 ƙarni). Just gabashin Bay ta'allaka da wani lake Mogilnoye.

Biota

A tsibirin gida da yawa jinsunan tsuntsaye, daga cikinsu akwai waɗanda ke an jera a matsayin miyagun. Seagulls, buzzards, geese, ducks da iyakacin duniya owls zaune tsibirin Kildin. A Barents Sea - da mazauninsu na dabbobin ruwa, beluga Whales, kisa Whales. A shi an samu Shoals na herring, cod, halibut kuma catfish. A ƙasar tsara hatimi rookeries kuma like. A cikin ruwan koguna Zarubihi, Tipanovki da Klimovka warp kifi, kifi da kuma Arctic char.

A Kildin hadu hares, Foxes da kuma ruwan kasa bears. A nasa ƙasashe girma wadan - zinariya tushen (Rhodiola rosea). A duban farko, ga alama cewa itatuwa a kan m tudu ba a nan. Amma yana da daraja a kusa look - gani kamar yadda a cikin ciyawa m line mikewa m Dwarf Birch itatuwa, cike da koyaswa clumps na Willow blossoming kawai mika har zuwa gwiwa tsawo.

lake Mogilnoye

Game da shekara dubu biyu da suka wuce a tsibirin kafa wani sabon abu relict lake. Musamman lake a kan Kildin Island ne kafa ta dama yadudduka na ruwa. Kasa Layer - matattu zone da duk lalata hydrogen sulfide. Top - tushen sabo ruwa. A tsakiyar ɓangare na tafki mai cike da gishiri da ruwa da kuma marine rayuwa. A tsakiyar Layer ya mazaunin rare endemic jinsunan, mutated kifi - Kildin cod, a karkashin kariya ta Red Littafi na Rasha Federation.

Tsakanin ƙananan kuma tsakiyar sulfide gishiri, "bene" shi ne wani Layer - ruwa, da aka rina ceri launi. Yana m kwayoyin zauna - live impermeable shãmaki iya riƙe da sha a na mutuwa gas. Idan ba zato ba tsammani da kwayoyin cuta bace daga tafkin, hydrogen sulfide za su fara tashi a cikin babba yadudduka, sunã mãsu jũyãwa da kandami a cikin a cikinsa wuri.

Unique duniya daraja kandami cewa babu irinta, ko da yake lasafta shi a cikin tarayya halitta Monuments, yanayin kariya ayyukan kare shi ya fita yawa da za a so. A cewar masana harkokin kimiyya, Kildin Island, Lake Mogilnoye - relic halitta wuri ya cancanci fiye da hankali, kula da kuma kara bincike.

Features lake

A relict lake a zamanin da shi ne wani ɓangare na Barents Sea. Yana da aka kafa saboda gaskiyar cewa teku gaba up. Waters sujada a wani yanki na 96000 ^m2. A tsawon da ya kai 560, da kuma fadin na 280 mita. A zurfin da lake da m kore ruwa ke zuwa 17 mita.

Hydrochemical daidaituwa tsakanin sabo ne da kuma gishiri Layer ne kiyaye saboda gaskiyar cewa ruwa seeping daga Barents Sea ta cikin Isthmus of duniya, rabu da lake daga teku. shaft nisa - 70, tsawo - 5.5 mita. A babba mai ruwa-ruwa Layer a cikin zurfin of 5 mita karfi desalinate surface sediments.

The lake aka kasaftawa hudu zones iri dabam-dabam a cikin mataki na gwargwado. Ruwa mazaunan zauna na farko uku yadudduka. Da ake samu a sabo Layer rotifers da copepods. Marine ruwa suna zaune jellyfish, crustaceans da tẽku cod. A silnosolenoy ruwa zaunar da m kwayoyin cuta, hanzari sakewa hydrogen sulfide a magangara mafi ƙasƙanci m "kasa" da tafki.