Mene ne arable noma, abin da yake da darajar?

Field amfanin gona, duka a cikin gida da kuma a duniya da aikin noma ne daya daga cikin manyan dabi'u. Sun riga sun mamaye babban ɓangare na gona da kuma samar da asali kaya. Arable noma - shi ne namo game da 90 jinsunan shuke-shuke da cewa samar da wani gagarumin rabo daga abinci ga mutane, kazalika da abincin dabbobi da kuma albarkatun kasa domin kara aiki. Kamar yadda amfanin gona kansu, arable noma shi ne wani ɓangare na tattalin arzikin da kusan kowace m sha'anin. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin key aka gyara daga mafi tattalin arziki.

Mene ne arable noma?

Noma ne mai babbar bangaren aikin noma, ne ke da alhakin samar da filin, yafi shekara-shekara hunturu da kuma bazara, amfanin gona: fasaha, hatsi, melons, fodder da dankali. Production cropping shugabanci m dogara ne a kan yanayi. Noma ne - shi ne wani ɓangare na noma, wanda a cikin sãɓãwar launukansa digiri, a hade tare da dabba husbandry, noma da kuma kayan lambu girma, saboda tattalin arziki ko fasaha fasali.

Ra'ayoyi filin amfanin gona

Noma ne - yana girma daban-daban na amfanin gona, wanda za a iya harhada bisa ga yanayin da yin amfani da babban samfuri, wanda aka samar a girbi.

1. shũka a nuna ya kasu kashi da wadannan kungiyoyin:

- na farko rukuni na hatsi hatsi (bazara da kuma hunturu) - hatsin rai, alkama, hatsi, sha'ir.

- wani biyu rukuni na hatsi hatsi (spring) - gero, masara, shinkafa, buckwheat, dawa.

- legumes - m wake, Peas, wake, lupins.

2. Klubne- da kuma tushen kayan lambu, Kale, melons:

- tushen kayan lambu - beets da kuma fodder sugar, kabeji da karas.

- Kale, kohlrabi.

- tubers - artichoke, dankali.

- melons - kabewa, kankana, kankana.

3. tana nufin fodder amfanin gona:

- perennial ciyawa legume - alfalfa, Clover, sainfoin.

- perennial ganye ciyawa - fescue, Timothawus, gindi.

- Ganye shekara-shekara legumes - ornithopus, vetch.

- hatsi shekara-shekara ciyawa - tsoro, Sudan ciyawa .

- sabon shekara-shekara da perennial forage shuke-shuke - fyade, mai radish, comfrey wuya, saniya parsnip Sosnowski, galega.

4. Oil and Aromatic Tsire-tsire:

- Aromatic - Mint, cumin, coriander, clary Sage.

- oilseeds - groundnut, mustard, sesame, sunflower.

5. Fiber amfanin gona ya kasu kashi:

- fiber shuke-shuke zuwa iri - auduga.

- Bast-fiber shuke-shuke - hemp, flax, kenaf.

6. Makhorka da kuma taba.

Ma'ana iri a cikin amfanin gona

Don fi gane abin da yake arable noma, shi wajibi ne domin sanin darajar iri-iri a shuka kiwo. Iri-iri - mai shuka, yawan, wanda aka halitta da gangan, a naúrar tare da zama dole sa na halaye da kaddarorin, tattalin arziki da kuma Botanical fasali. Wannan misali ya kamata da wani musamman m, ji dadin high mabukaci bukatar, a resistant zuwa cututtuka da kuma karin kwari, suna da fasaha darajar.

Mene ne arable noma cikin sharuddan kiwon waddan sabon nau'in? Selection - dukan wannan tsarin, da kimiyya da kiwo da kuma goyon baya na sabon shuka iri. Kowane iri-iri na farko wuce m bincike da gwaji a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje da kuma sa'an nan a cikin iri-gwajin tashoshin. Waɗanda suka yi nasarar wuce duk gwaje-gwaje, za a shigar a cikin jerin gane, shawarar for namo a wani musamman sauyin yanayi zone.

Top iri kira Elite. Suna samu ta hanyar wani na musamman kiwo hanyoyin yin amfani da musamman fasahar. Its ainihi ta'allaka ne da mahara selection na varietal tsarki da kuma sifting kofe na matalauta quality. Elite tsaba ya kamata a yi na musamman daftarin aiki a kan yarda da Gost a kan Elite. Har ila yau underway a filin daga high quality-iko - fagen gwaji da musamman takardun.

Arable noma a yankin namu

Shũka daban-daban amfanin gona, sugar gwoza, dankali da kuma flax samar a cikin gonaki na kusan dukan wurare inda akwai sharadi gwargwado ga namo wadannan amfanin gona.

Alal misali, a cikin Oryol, Bryansk, Tula, Kursk da kuma sauran yankuna na baki duniya sashi na Rasha sun mayar da hankali kusan dukan amfanin gona na sukari gwoza factory dabi'u. A Pskov, Tver, Yaroslavl da Smolensk yankuna suna girma flax. A tsakiyar sassa na baki duniya da kuma wadanda ba baki ƙasa yankunan horar da dankali. Ta hanyar ci gaban da dabbõbi-kiwo gonaki masu rinjaye na horar da fodder amfanin gona, da rabo daga wanda sau da yawa lissafinsu fiye da 47% na jimlar ita.

A Tsakiya Black Duniya da kuma Arewa Caucasus tattalin arziki yankin saboda da m kasa girma fiye da rabin kasar hatsi da amfanin gona. Mene ne arable noma a Rasha? Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin key links narodohozyaystva kasar mu.